21 files changed, 3310 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..70c47ae03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,310 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <fstream>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+#include <libavutil/opt.h>
+#ifdef LIBVA_FOUND
+// for querying VAAPI driver information
+#include <libavutil/hwcontext_vaapi.h>
+#endif
+}
+
+namespace Tegra {
+namespace {
+constexpr AVPixelFormat PREFERRED_GPU_FMT = AV_PIX_FMT_NV12;
+constexpr AVPixelFormat PREFERRED_CPU_FMT = AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P;
+constexpr std::array PREFERRED_GPU_DECODERS = {
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_CUDA,
+#ifdef _WIN32
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_D3D11VA,
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_DXVA2,
+#elif defined(__unix__)
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_VAAPI,
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_VDPAU,
+#endif
+    // last resort for Linux Flatpak (w/ NVIDIA)
+    AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_VULKAN,
+};
+
+void AVPacketDeleter(AVPacket* ptr) {
+    av_packet_free(&ptr);
+}
+
+using AVPacketPtr = std::unique_ptr<AVPacket, decltype(&AVPacketDeleter)>;
+
+AVPixelFormat GetGpuFormat(AVCodecContext* av_codec_ctx, const AVPixelFormat* pix_fmts) {
+    for (const AVPixelFormat* p = pix_fmts; *p != AV_PIX_FMT_NONE; ++p) {
+        if (*p == av_codec_ctx->pix_fmt) {
+            return av_codec_ctx->pix_fmt;
+        }
+    }
+    LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "Could not find compatible GPU AV format, falling back to CPU");
+    av_buffer_unref(&av_codec_ctx->hw_device_ctx);
+    av_codec_ctx->pix_fmt = PREFERRED_CPU_FMT;
+    return PREFERRED_CPU_FMT;
+}
+
+// List all the currently available hwcontext in ffmpeg
+std::vector<AVHWDeviceType> ListSupportedContexts() {
+    std::vector<AVHWDeviceType> contexts{};
+    AVHWDeviceType current_device_type = AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE;
+    do {
+        current_device_type = av_hwdevice_iterate_types(current_device_type);
+        contexts.push_back(current_device_type);
+    } while (current_device_type != AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_NONE);
+    return contexts;
+}
+
+} // namespace
+
+void AVFrameDeleter(AVFrame* ptr) {
+    av_frame_free(&ptr);
+}
+
+Codec::Codec(GPU& gpu_, const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& regs)
+    : gpu(gpu_), state{regs}, h264_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::H264>(gpu)),
+      vp8_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::VP8>(gpu)),
+      vp9_decoder(std::make_unique<Decoder::VP9>(gpu)) {}
+
+Codec::~Codec() {
+    if (!initialized) {
+        return;
+    }
+    // Free libav memory
+    avcodec_free_context(&av_codec_ctx);
+    av_buffer_unref(&av_gpu_decoder);
+}
+
+bool Codec::CreateGpuAvDevice() {
+    static constexpr auto HW_CONFIG_METHOD = AV_CODEC_HW_CONFIG_METHOD_HW_DEVICE_CTX;
+    static const auto supported_contexts = ListSupportedContexts();
+    for (const auto& type : PREFERRED_GPU_DECODERS) {
+        if (std::none_of(supported_contexts.begin(), supported_contexts.end(),
+                         [&type](const auto& context) { return context == type; })) {
+            LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "{} explicitly unsupported", av_hwdevice_get_type_name(type));
+            continue;
+        }
+        // Avoid memory leak from not cleaning up after av_hwdevice_ctx_create
+        av_buffer_unref(&av_gpu_decoder);
+        const int hwdevice_res = av_hwdevice_ctx_create(&av_gpu_decoder, type, nullptr, nullptr, 0);
+        if (hwdevice_res < 0) {
+            LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "{} av_hwdevice_ctx_create failed {}",
+                      av_hwdevice_get_type_name(type), hwdevice_res);
+            continue;
+        }
+#ifdef LIBVA_FOUND
+        if (type == AV_HWDEVICE_TYPE_VAAPI) {
+            // we need to determine if this is an impersonated VAAPI driver
+            AVHWDeviceContext* hwctx =
+                static_cast<AVHWDeviceContext*>(static_cast<void*>(av_gpu_decoder->data));
+            AVVAAPIDeviceContext* vactx = static_cast<AVVAAPIDeviceContext*>(hwctx->hwctx);
+            const char* vendor_name = vaQueryVendorString(vactx->display);
+            if (strstr(vendor_name, "VDPAU backend")) {
+                // VDPAU impersonated VAAPI impl's are super buggy, we need to skip them
+                LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "Skipping vdapu impersonated VAAPI driver");
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                // according to some user testing, certain vaapi driver (Intel?) could be buggy
+                // so let's log the driver name which may help the developers/supporters
+                LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "Using VAAPI driver: {}", vendor_name);
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+        for (int i = 0;; i++) {
+            const AVCodecHWConfig* config = avcodec_get_hw_config(av_codec, i);
+            if (!config) {
+                LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "{} decoder does not support device type {}.",
+                          av_codec->name, av_hwdevice_get_type_name(type));
+                break;
+            }
+            if ((config->methods & HW_CONFIG_METHOD) != 0 && config->device_type == type) {
+#if defined(__unix__)
+                // Some linux decoding backends are reported to crash with this config method
+                // TODO(ameerj): Properly support this method
+                if ((config->methods & AV_CODEC_HW_CONFIG_METHOD_HW_FRAMES_CTX) != 0) {
+                    // skip zero-copy decoders, we don't currently support them
+                    LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "Skipping decoder {} with unsupported capability {}.",
+                              av_hwdevice_get_type_name(type), config->methods);
+                    continue;
+                }
+#endif
+                LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "Using {} GPU decoder", av_hwdevice_get_type_name(type));
+                av_codec_ctx->pix_fmt = config->pix_fmt;
+                return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    return false;
+}
+
+void Codec::InitializeAvCodecContext() {
+    av_codec_ctx = avcodec_alloc_context3(av_codec);
+    av_opt_set(av_codec_ctx->priv_data, "tune", "zerolatency", 0);
+}
+
+void Codec::InitializeGpuDecoder() {
+    if (!CreateGpuAvDevice()) {
+        av_buffer_unref(&av_gpu_decoder);
+        return;
+    }
+    auto* hw_device_ctx = av_buffer_ref(av_gpu_decoder);
+    ASSERT_MSG(hw_device_ctx, "av_buffer_ref failed");
+    av_codec_ctx->hw_device_ctx = hw_device_ctx;
+    av_codec_ctx->get_format = GetGpuFormat;
+}
+
+void Codec::Initialize() {
+    const AVCodecID codec = [&] {
+        switch (current_codec) {
+        case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
+            return AV_CODEC_ID_H264;
+        case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP8:
+            return AV_CODEC_ID_VP8;
+        case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP9:
+            return AV_CODEC_ID_VP9;
+        default:
+            UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unknown codec {}", current_codec);
+            return AV_CODEC_ID_NONE;
+        }
+    }();
+    av_codec = avcodec_find_decoder(codec);
+
+    InitializeAvCodecContext();
+    if (Settings::values.nvdec_emulation.GetValue() == Settings::NvdecEmulation::GPU) {
+        InitializeGpuDecoder();
+    }
+    if (const int res = avcodec_open2(av_codec_ctx, av_codec, nullptr); res < 0) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_NVDRV, "avcodec_open2() Failed with result {}", res);
+        avcodec_free_context(&av_codec_ctx);
+        av_buffer_unref(&av_gpu_decoder);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (!av_codec_ctx->hw_device_ctx) {
+        LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "Using FFmpeg software decoding");
+    }
+    initialized = true;
+}
+
+void Codec::SetTargetCodec(Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec codec) {
+    if (current_codec != codec) {
+        current_codec = codec;
+        LOG_INFO(Service_NVDRV, "NVDEC video codec initialized to {}", GetCurrentCodecName());
+    }
+}
+
+void Codec::Decode() {
+    const bool is_first_frame = !initialized;
+    if (is_first_frame) {
+        Initialize();
+    }
+    if (!initialized) {
+        return;
+    }
+    bool vp9_hidden_frame = false;
+    const auto& frame_data = [&]() {
+        switch (current_codec) {
+        case Tegra::Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
+            return h264_decoder->ComposeFrame(state, is_first_frame);
+        case Tegra::Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP8:
+            return vp8_decoder->ComposeFrame(state);
+        case Tegra::Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP9:
+            vp9_decoder->ComposeFrame(state);
+            vp9_hidden_frame = vp9_decoder->WasFrameHidden();
+            return vp9_decoder->GetFrameBytes();
+        default:
+            ASSERT(false);
+            return std::vector<u8>{};
+        }
+    }();
+    AVPacketPtr packet{av_packet_alloc(), AVPacketDeleter};
+    if (!packet) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_NVDRV, "av_packet_alloc failed");
+        return;
+    }
+    packet->data = const_cast<u8*>(frame_data.data());
+    packet->size = static_cast<s32>(frame_data.size());
+    if (const int res = avcodec_send_packet(av_codec_ctx, packet.get()); res != 0) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "avcodec_send_packet error {}", res);
+        return;
+    }
+    // Only receive/store visible frames
+    if (vp9_hidden_frame) {
+        return;
+    }
+    AVFramePtr initial_frame{av_frame_alloc(), AVFrameDeleter};
+    AVFramePtr final_frame{nullptr, AVFrameDeleter};
+    ASSERT_MSG(initial_frame, "av_frame_alloc initial_frame failed");
+    if (const int ret = avcodec_receive_frame(av_codec_ctx, initial_frame.get()); ret) {
+        LOG_DEBUG(Service_NVDRV, "avcodec_receive_frame error {}", ret);
+        return;
+    }
+    if (initial_frame->width == 0 || initial_frame->height == 0) {
+        LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "Zero width or height in frame");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (av_codec_ctx->hw_device_ctx) {
+        final_frame = AVFramePtr{av_frame_alloc(), AVFrameDeleter};
+        ASSERT_MSG(final_frame, "av_frame_alloc final_frame failed");
+        // Can't use AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P and share code with software decoding in vic.cpp
+        // because Intel drivers crash unless using AV_PIX_FMT_NV12
+        final_frame->format = PREFERRED_GPU_FMT;
+        const int ret = av_hwframe_transfer_data(final_frame.get(), initial_frame.get(), 0);
+        ASSERT_MSG(!ret, "av_hwframe_transfer_data error {}", ret);
+    } else {
+        final_frame = std::move(initial_frame);
+    }
+    if (final_frame->format != PREFERRED_CPU_FMT && final_frame->format != PREFERRED_GPU_FMT) {
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unexpected video format: {}", final_frame->format);
+        return;
+    }
+    av_frames.push(std::move(final_frame));
+    if (av_frames.size() > 10) {
+        LOG_TRACE(Service_NVDRV, "av_frames.push overflow dropped frame");
+        av_frames.pop();
+    }
+}
+
+AVFramePtr Codec::GetCurrentFrame() {
+    // Sometimes VIC will request more frames than have been decoded.
+    // in this case, return a nullptr and don't overwrite previous frame data
+    if (av_frames.empty()) {
+        return AVFramePtr{nullptr, AVFrameDeleter};
+    }
+    AVFramePtr frame = std::move(av_frames.front());
+    av_frames.pop();
+    return frame;
+}
+
+Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec Codec::GetCurrentCodec() const {
+    return current_codec;
+}
+
+std::string_view Codec::GetCurrentCodecName() const {
+    switch (current_codec) {
+    case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::None:
+        return "None";
+    case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
+        return "H264";
+    case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP8:
+        return "VP8";
+    case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H265:
+        return "H265";
+    case Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP9:
+        return "VP9";
+    default:
+        return "Unknown";
+    }
+}
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.h b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..117cb3ccd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <string_view>
+#include <queue>
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h"
+
+extern "C" {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+#endif
+#include <libavcodec/avcodec.h>
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+}
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+
+void AVFrameDeleter(AVFrame* ptr);
+using AVFramePtr = std::unique_ptr<AVFrame, decltype(&AVFrameDeleter)>;
+
+namespace Decoder {
+class H264;
+class VP8;
+class VP9;
+} // namespace Decoder
+
+class Codec {
+public:
+    explicit Codec(GPU& gpu, const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& regs);
+    ~Codec();
+
+    /// Initialize the codec, returning success or failure
+    void Initialize();
+
+    /// Sets NVDEC video stream codec
+    void SetTargetCodec(Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec codec);
+
+    /// Call decoders to construct headers, decode AVFrame with ffmpeg
+    void Decode();
+
+    /// Returns next decoded frame
+    [[nodiscard]] AVFramePtr GetCurrentFrame();
+
+    /// Returns the value of current_codec
+    [[nodiscard]] Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec GetCurrentCodec() const;
+
+    /// Return name of the current codec
+    [[nodiscard]] std::string_view GetCurrentCodecName() const;
+
+private:
+    void InitializeAvCodecContext();
+
+    void InitializeGpuDecoder();
+
+    bool CreateGpuAvDevice();
+
+    bool initialized{};
+    Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec current_codec{Host1x::NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::None};
+
+    const AVCodec* av_codec{nullptr};
+    AVCodecContext* av_codec_ctx{nullptr};
+    AVBufferRef* av_gpu_decoder{nullptr};
+
+    GPU& gpu;
+    const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state;
+    std::unique_ptr<Decoder::H264> h264_decoder;
+    std::unique_ptr<Decoder::VP8> vp8_decoder;
+    std::unique_ptr<Decoder::VP9> vp9_decoder;
+
+    std::queue<AVFramePtr> av_frames{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..95534bc85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,277 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Ryujinx Team and Contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include <array>
+#include <bit>
+
+#include "common/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Decoder {
+namespace {
+// ZigZag LUTs from libavcodec.
+constexpr std::array<u8, 64> zig_zag_direct{
+    0,  1,  8,  16, 9,  2,  3,  10, 17, 24, 32, 25, 18, 11, 4,  5,  12, 19, 26, 33, 40, 48,
+    41, 34, 27, 20, 13, 6,  7,  14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 57, 50, 43, 36, 29, 22, 15, 23,
+    30, 37, 44, 51, 58, 59, 52, 45, 38, 31, 39, 46, 53, 60, 61, 54, 47, 55, 62, 63,
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<u8, 16> zig_zag_scan{
+    0 + 0 * 4, 1 + 0 * 4, 0 + 1 * 4, 0 + 2 * 4, 1 + 1 * 4, 2 + 0 * 4, 3 + 0 * 4, 2 + 1 * 4,
+    1 + 2 * 4, 0 + 3 * 4, 1 + 3 * 4, 2 + 2 * 4, 3 + 1 * 4, 3 + 2 * 4, 2 + 3 * 4, 3 + 3 * 4,
+};
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+H264::H264(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_) {}
+
+H264::~H264() = default;
+
+const std::vector<u8>& H264::ComposeFrame(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state,
+                                          bool is_first_frame) {
+    H264DecoderContext context;
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.picture_info_offset, &context, sizeof(H264DecoderContext));
+
+    const s64 frame_number = context.h264_parameter_set.frame_number.Value();
+    if (!is_first_frame && frame_number != 0) {
+        frame.resize(context.stream_len);
+        gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.frame_bitstream_offset, frame.data(), frame.size());
+        return frame;
+    }
+
+    // Encode header
+    H264BitWriter writer{};
+    writer.WriteU(1, 24);
+    writer.WriteU(0, 1);
+    writer.WriteU(3, 2);
+    writer.WriteU(7, 5);
+    writer.WriteU(100, 8);
+    writer.WriteU(0, 8);
+    writer.WriteU(31, 8);
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+    const u32 chroma_format_idc =
+        static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.chroma_format_idc.Value());
+    writer.WriteUe(chroma_format_idc);
+    if (chroma_format_idc == 3) {
+        writer.WriteBit(false);
+    }
+
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+    writer.WriteBit(false); // QpprimeYZeroTransformBypassFlag
+    writer.WriteBit(false); // Scaling matrix present flag
+
+    writer.WriteUe(static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.log2_max_frame_num_minus4.Value()));
+
+    const auto order_cnt_type =
+        static_cast<u32>(context.h264_parameter_set.pic_order_cnt_type.Value());
+    writer.WriteUe(order_cnt_type);
+    if (order_cnt_type == 0) {
+        writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4);
+    } else if (order_cnt_type == 1) {
+        writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag != 0);
+
+        writer.WriteSe(0);
+        writer.WriteSe(0);
+        writer.WriteUe(0);
+    }
+
+    const s32 pic_height = context.h264_parameter_set.frame_height_in_map_units /
+                           (context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag ? 1 : 2);
+
+    // TODO (ameerj): Where do we get this number, it seems to be particular for each stream
+    const auto nvdec_decoding = Settings::values.nvdec_emulation.GetValue();
+    const bool uses_gpu_decoding = nvdec_decoding == Settings::NvdecEmulation::GPU;
+    const u32 max_num_ref_frames = uses_gpu_decoding ? 6u : 16u;
+    writer.WriteUe(max_num_ref_frames);
+    writer.WriteBit(false);
+    writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.pic_width_in_mbs - 1);
+    writer.WriteUe(pic_height - 1);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag != 0);
+
+    if (!context.h264_parameter_set.frame_mbs_only_flag) {
+        writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.mbaff_frame.Value() != 0);
+    }
+
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.direct_8x8_inference.Value() != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(false); // Frame cropping flag
+    writer.WriteBit(false); // VUI parameter present flag
+
+    writer.End();
+
+    // H264 PPS
+    writer.WriteU(1, 24);
+    writer.WriteU(0, 1);
+    writer.WriteU(3, 2);
+    writer.WriteU(8, 5);
+
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.entropy_coding_mode_flag != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(false);
+    writer.WriteUe(0);
+    writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.num_refidx_l0_default_active);
+    writer.WriteUe(context.h264_parameter_set.num_refidx_l1_default_active);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.weighted_pred.Value() != 0);
+    writer.WriteU(static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.weighted_bipred_idc.Value()), 2);
+    s32 pic_init_qp = static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.pic_init_qp_minus26.Value());
+    writer.WriteSe(pic_init_qp);
+    writer.WriteSe(0);
+    s32 chroma_qp_index_offset =
+        static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.chroma_qp_index_offset.Value());
+
+    writer.WriteSe(chroma_qp_index_offset);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.deblocking_filter_control_present_flag != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.flags.constrained_intra_pred.Value() != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag != 0);
+    writer.WriteBit(context.h264_parameter_set.transform_8x8_mode_flag != 0);
+
+    writer.WriteBit(true);
+
+    for (s32 index = 0; index < 6; index++) {
+        writer.WriteBit(true);
+        std::span<const u8> matrix{context.weight_scale};
+        writer.WriteScalingList(matrix, index * 16, 16);
+    }
+
+    if (context.h264_parameter_set.transform_8x8_mode_flag) {
+        for (s32 index = 0; index < 2; index++) {
+            writer.WriteBit(true);
+            std::span<const u8> matrix{context.weight_scale_8x8};
+            writer.WriteScalingList(matrix, index * 64, 64);
+        }
+    }
+
+    s32 chroma_qp_index_offset2 =
+        static_cast<s32>(context.h264_parameter_set.second_chroma_qp_index_offset.Value());
+
+    writer.WriteSe(chroma_qp_index_offset2);
+
+    writer.End();
+
+    const auto& encoded_header = writer.GetByteArray();
+    frame.resize(encoded_header.size() + context.stream_len);
+    std::memcpy(frame.data(), encoded_header.data(), encoded_header.size());
+
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.frame_bitstream_offset,
+                                  frame.data() + encoded_header.size(), context.stream_len);
+
+    return frame;
+}
+
+H264BitWriter::H264BitWriter() = default;
+
+H264BitWriter::~H264BitWriter() = default;
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteU(s32 value, s32 value_sz) {
+    WriteBits(value, value_sz);
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteSe(s32 value) {
+    WriteExpGolombCodedInt(value);
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteUe(u32 value) {
+    WriteExpGolombCodedUInt(value);
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::End() {
+    WriteBit(true);
+    Flush();
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteBit(bool state) {
+    WriteBits(state ? 1 : 0, 1);
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteScalingList(std::span<const u8> list, s32 start, s32 count) {
+    std::vector<u8> scan(count);
+    if (count == 16) {
+        std::memcpy(scan.data(), zig_zag_scan.data(), scan.size());
+    } else {
+        std::memcpy(scan.data(), zig_zag_direct.data(), scan.size());
+    }
+    u8 last_scale = 8;
+
+    for (s32 index = 0; index < count; index++) {
+        const u8 value = list[start + scan[index]];
+        const s32 delta_scale = static_cast<s32>(value - last_scale);
+
+        WriteSe(delta_scale);
+
+        last_scale = value;
+    }
+}
+
+std::vector<u8>& H264BitWriter::GetByteArray() {
+    return byte_array;
+}
+
+const std::vector<u8>& H264BitWriter::GetByteArray() const {
+    return byte_array;
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteBits(s32 value, s32 bit_count) {
+    s32 value_pos = 0;
+
+    s32 remaining = bit_count;
+
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+        s32 copy_size = remaining;
+
+        const s32 free_bits = GetFreeBufferBits();
+
+        if (copy_size > free_bits) {
+            copy_size = free_bits;
+        }
+
+        const s32 mask = (1 << copy_size) - 1;
+
+        const s32 src_shift = (bit_count - value_pos) - copy_size;
+        const s32 dst_shift = (buffer_size - buffer_pos) - copy_size;
+
+        buffer |= ((value >> src_shift) & mask) << dst_shift;
+
+        value_pos += copy_size;
+        buffer_pos += copy_size;
+        remaining -= copy_size;
+    }
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteExpGolombCodedInt(s32 value) {
+    const s32 sign = value <= 0 ? 0 : 1;
+    if (value < 0) {
+        value = -value;
+    }
+    value = (value << 1) - sign;
+    WriteExpGolombCodedUInt(value);
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::WriteExpGolombCodedUInt(u32 value) {
+    const s32 size = 32 - std::countl_zero(value + 1);
+    WriteBits(1, size);
+
+    value -= (1U << (size - 1)) - 1;
+    WriteBits(static_cast<s32>(value), size - 1);
+}
+
+s32 H264BitWriter::GetFreeBufferBits() {
+    if (buffer_pos == buffer_size) {
+        Flush();
+    }
+
+    return buffer_size - buffer_pos;
+}
+
+void H264BitWriter::Flush() {
+    if (buffer_pos == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    byte_array.push_back(static_cast<u8>(buffer));
+
+    buffer = 0;
+    buffer_pos = 0;
+}
+} // namespace Tegra::Decoder
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.h b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a98730474
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/h264.h
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Ryujinx Team and Contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <span>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+namespace Decoder {
+
+class H264BitWriter {
+public:
+    H264BitWriter();
+    ~H264BitWriter();
+
+    /// The following Write methods are based on clause 9.1 in the H.264 specification.
+    /// WriteSe and WriteUe write in the Exp-Golomb-coded syntax
+    void WriteU(s32 value, s32 value_sz);
+    void WriteSe(s32 value);
+    void WriteUe(u32 value);
+
+    /// Finalize the bitstream
+    void End();
+
+    /// append a bit to the stream, equivalent value to the state parameter
+    void WriteBit(bool state);
+
+    /// Based on section 7.3.2.1.1.1 and Table 7-4 in the H.264 specification
+    /// Writes the scaling matrices of the sream
+    void WriteScalingList(std::span<const u8> list, s32 start, s32 count);
+
+    /// Return the bitstream as a vector.
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8>& GetByteArray();
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& GetByteArray() const;
+
+private:
+    void WriteBits(s32 value, s32 bit_count);
+    void WriteExpGolombCodedInt(s32 value);
+    void WriteExpGolombCodedUInt(u32 value);
+    [[nodiscard]] s32 GetFreeBufferBits();
+    void Flush();
+
+    s32 buffer_size{8};
+
+    s32 buffer{};
+    s32 buffer_pos{};
+    std::vector<u8> byte_array;
+};
+
+class H264 {
+public:
+    explicit H264(GPU& gpu);
+    ~H264();
+
+    /// Compose the H264 frame for FFmpeg decoding
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& ComposeFrame(
+        const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state, bool is_first_frame = false);
+
+private:
+    std::vector<u8> frame;
+    GPU& gpu;
+
+    struct H264ParameterSet {
+        s32 log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4; ///< 0x00
+        s32 delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag;  ///< 0x04
+        s32 frame_mbs_only_flag;               ///< 0x08
+        u32 pic_width_in_mbs;                  ///< 0x0C
+        u32 frame_height_in_map_units;         ///< 0x10
+        union {                                ///< 0x14
+            BitField<0, 2, u32> tile_format;
+            BitField<2, 3, u32> gob_height;
+        };
+        u32 entropy_coding_mode_flag;               ///< 0x18
+        s32 pic_order_present_flag;                 ///< 0x1C
+        s32 num_refidx_l0_default_active;           ///< 0x20
+        s32 num_refidx_l1_default_active;           ///< 0x24
+        s32 deblocking_filter_control_present_flag; ///< 0x28
+        s32 redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag;         ///< 0x2C
+        u32 transform_8x8_mode_flag;                ///< 0x30
+        u32 pitch_luma;                             ///< 0x34
+        u32 pitch_chroma;                           ///< 0x38
+        u32 luma_top_offset;                        ///< 0x3C
+        u32 luma_bot_offset;                        ///< 0x40
+        u32 luma_frame_offset;                      ///< 0x44
+        u32 chroma_top_offset;                      ///< 0x48
+        u32 chroma_bot_offset;                      ///< 0x4C
+        u32 chroma_frame_offset;                    ///< 0x50
+        u32 hist_buffer_size;                       ///< 0x54
+        union {                                     ///< 0x58
+            union {
+                BitField<0, 1, u64> mbaff_frame;
+                BitField<1, 1, u64> direct_8x8_inference;
+                BitField<2, 1, u64> weighted_pred;
+                BitField<3, 1, u64> constrained_intra_pred;
+                BitField<4, 1, u64> ref_pic;
+                BitField<5, 1, u64> field_pic;
+                BitField<6, 1, u64> bottom_field;
+                BitField<7, 1, u64> second_field;
+            } flags;
+            BitField<8, 4, u64> log2_max_frame_num_minus4;
+            BitField<12, 2, u64> chroma_format_idc;
+            BitField<14, 2, u64> pic_order_cnt_type;
+            BitField<16, 6, s64> pic_init_qp_minus26;
+            BitField<22, 5, s64> chroma_qp_index_offset;
+            BitField<27, 5, s64> second_chroma_qp_index_offset;
+            BitField<32, 2, u64> weighted_bipred_idc;
+            BitField<34, 7, u64> curr_pic_idx;
+            BitField<41, 5, u64> curr_col_idx;
+            BitField<46, 16, u64> frame_number;
+            BitField<62, 1, u64> frame_surfaces;
+            BitField<63, 1, u64> output_memory_layout;
+        };
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(H264ParameterSet) == 0x60, "H264ParameterSet is an invalid size");
+
+    struct H264DecoderContext {
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(18);       ///< 0x0000
+        u32 stream_len;                        ///< 0x0048
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(3);        ///< 0x004C
+        H264ParameterSet h264_parameter_set;   ///< 0x0058
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(66);       ///< 0x00B8
+        std::array<u8, 0x60> weight_scale;     ///< 0x01C0
+        std::array<u8, 0x80> weight_scale_8x8; ///< 0x0220
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(H264DecoderContext) == 0x2A0, "H264DecoderContext is an invalid size");
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(H264ParameterSet, field_name) == position,                              \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+    ASSERT_POSITION(log2_max_pic_order_cnt_lsb_minus4, 0x00);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(delta_pic_order_always_zero_flag, 0x04);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(frame_mbs_only_flag, 0x08);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pic_width_in_mbs, 0x0C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(frame_height_in_map_units, 0x10);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(tile_format, 0x14);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(entropy_coding_mode_flag, 0x18);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pic_order_present_flag, 0x1C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(num_refidx_l0_default_active, 0x20);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(num_refidx_l1_default_active, 0x24);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(deblocking_filter_control_present_flag, 0x28);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(redundant_pic_cnt_present_flag, 0x2C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(transform_8x8_mode_flag, 0x30);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pitch_luma, 0x34);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(pitch_chroma, 0x38);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_top_offset, 0x3C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_bot_offset, 0x40);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(luma_frame_offset, 0x44);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_top_offset, 0x48);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_bot_offset, 0x4C);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(chroma_frame_offset, 0x50);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(hist_buffer_size, 0x54);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(flags, 0x58);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(H264DecoderContext, field_name) == position,                            \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+    ASSERT_POSITION(stream_len, 0x48);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(h264_parameter_set, 0x58);
+    ASSERT_POSITION(weight_scale, 0x1C0);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+};
+
+} // namespace Decoder
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aac026e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Decoder {
+VP8::VP8(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_) {}
+
+VP8::~VP8() = default;
+
+const std::vector<u8>& VP8::ComposeFrame(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state) {
+    VP8PictureInfo info;
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.picture_info_offset, &info, sizeof(VP8PictureInfo));
+
+    const bool is_key_frame = info.key_frame == 1u;
+    const auto bitstream_size = static_cast<size_t>(info.vld_buffer_size);
+    const size_t header_size = is_key_frame ? 10u : 3u;
+    frame.resize(header_size + bitstream_size);
+
+    // Based on page 30 of the VP8 specification.
+    // https://datatracker.ietf.org/doc/rfc6386/
+    frame[0] = is_key_frame ? 0u : 1u; // 1-bit frame type (0: keyframe, 1: interframes).
+    frame[0] |= static_cast<u8>((info.version & 7u) << 1u); // 3-bit version number
+    frame[0] |= static_cast<u8>(1u << 4u);                  // 1-bit show_frame flag
+
+    // The next 19-bits are the first partition size
+    frame[0] |= static_cast<u8>((info.first_part_size & 7u) << 5u);
+    frame[1] = static_cast<u8>((info.first_part_size & 0x7f8u) >> 3u);
+    frame[2] = static_cast<u8>((info.first_part_size & 0x7f800u) >> 11u);
+
+    if (is_key_frame) {
+        frame[3] = 0x9du;
+        frame[4] = 0x01u;
+        frame[5] = 0x2au;
+        // TODO(ameerj): Horizontal/Vertical Scale
+        // 16 bits: (2 bits Horizontal Scale << 14) | Width (14 bits)
+        frame[6] = static_cast<u8>(info.frame_width & 0xff);
+        frame[7] = static_cast<u8>(((info.frame_width >> 8) & 0x3f));
+        // 16 bits:(2 bits Vertical Scale << 14) | Height (14 bits)
+        frame[8] = static_cast<u8>(info.frame_height & 0xff);
+        frame[9] = static_cast<u8>(((info.frame_height >> 8) & 0x3f));
+    }
+    const u64 bitstream_offset = state.frame_bitstream_offset;
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(bitstream_offset, frame.data() + header_size, bitstream_size);
+
+    return frame;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Decoder
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.h b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a1dfa5f03
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+namespace Decoder {
+
+class VP8 {
+public:
+    explicit VP8(GPU& gpu);
+    ~VP8();
+
+    /// Compose the VP8 frame for FFmpeg decoding
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& ComposeFrame(
+        const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state);
+
+private:
+    std::vector<u8> frame;
+    GPU& gpu;
+
+    struct VP8PictureInfo {
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(14);
+        u16 frame_width;  // actual frame width
+        u16 frame_height; // actual frame height
+        u8 key_frame;
+        u8 version;
+        union {
+            u8 raw;
+            BitField<0, 2, u8> tile_format;
+            BitField<2, 3, u8> gob_height;
+            BitField<5, 3, u8> reserverd_surface_format;
+        };
+        u8 error_conceal_on;  // 1: error conceal on; 0: off
+        u32 first_part_size;  // the size of first partition(frame header and mb header partition)
+        u32 hist_buffer_size; // in units of 256
+        u32 vld_buffer_size;  // in units of 1
+        // Current frame buffers
+        std::array<u32, 2> frame_stride; // [y_c]
+        u32 luma_top_offset;             // offset of luma top field in units of 256
+        u32 luma_bot_offset;             // offset of luma bottom field in units of 256
+        u32 luma_frame_offset;           // offset of luma frame in units of 256
+        u32 chroma_top_offset;           // offset of chroma top field in units of 256
+        u32 chroma_bot_offset;           // offset of chroma bottom field in units of 256
+        u32 chroma_frame_offset;         // offset of chroma frame in units of 256
+
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(0x1c); // NvdecDisplayParams
+
+        // Decode picture buffer related
+        s8 current_output_memory_layout;
+        // output NV12/NV24 setting. index 0: golden; 1: altref; 2: last
+        std::array<s8, 3> output_memory_layout;
+
+        u8 segmentation_feature_data_update;
+        INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(3);
+
+        // ucode return result
+        u32 result_value;
+        std::array<u32, 8> partition_offset;
+        INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(3);
+    };
+    static_assert(sizeof(VP8PictureInfo) == 0xc0, "PictureInfo is an invalid size");
+};
+
+} // namespace Decoder
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bc50c6ba4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,946 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <algorithm> // for std::copy
+#include <numeric>
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Decoder {
+namespace {
+constexpr u32 diff_update_probability = 252;
+constexpr u32 frame_sync_code = 0x498342;
+
+// Default compressed header probabilities once frame context resets
+constexpr Vp9EntropyProbs default_probs{
+    .y_mode_prob{
+        65,  32, 18, 144, 162, 194, 41, 51, 98, 132, 68,  18, 165, 217, 196, 45, 40, 78,
+        173, 80, 19, 176, 240, 193, 64, 35, 46, 221, 135, 38, 194, 248, 121, 96, 85, 29,
+    },
+    .partition_prob{
+        199, 122, 141, 0, 147, 63, 159, 0, 148, 133, 118, 0, 121, 104, 114, 0,
+        174, 73,  87,  0, 92,  41, 83,  0, 82,  99,  50,  0, 53,  39,  39,  0,
+        177, 58,  59,  0, 68,  26, 63,  0, 52,  79,  25,  0, 17,  14,  12,  0,
+        222, 34,  30,  0, 72,  16, 44,  0, 58,  32,  12,  0, 10,  7,   6,   0,
+    },
+    .coef_probs{
+        195, 29,  183, 84,  49,  136, 8,   42,  71,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        31,  107, 169, 35,  99,  159, 17,  82,  140, 8,   66,  114, 2,  44,  76,  1,  19, 32,
+        40,  132, 201, 29,  114, 187, 13,  91,  157, 7,   75,  127, 3,  58,  95,  1,  28, 47,
+        69,  142, 221, 42,  122, 201, 15,  91,  159, 6,   67,  121, 1,  42,  77,  1,  17, 31,
+        102, 148, 228, 67,  117, 204, 17,  82,  154, 6,   59,  114, 2,  39,  75,  1,  15, 29,
+        156, 57,  233, 119, 57,  212, 58,  48,  163, 29,  40,  124, 12, 30,  81,  3,  12, 31,
+        191, 107, 226, 124, 117, 204, 25,  99,  155, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        29,  148, 210, 37,  126, 194, 8,   93,  157, 2,   68,  118, 1,  39,  69,  1,  17, 33,
+        41,  151, 213, 27,  123, 193, 3,   82,  144, 1,   58,  105, 1,  32,  60,  1,  13, 26,
+        59,  159, 220, 23,  126, 198, 4,   88,  151, 1,   66,  114, 1,  38,  71,  1,  18, 34,
+        114, 136, 232, 51,  114, 207, 11,  83,  155, 3,   56,  105, 1,  33,  65,  1,  17, 34,
+        149, 65,  234, 121, 57,  215, 61,  49,  166, 28,  36,  114, 12, 25,  76,  3,  16, 42,
+        214, 49,  220, 132, 63,  188, 42,  65,  137, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        85,  137, 221, 104, 131, 216, 49,  111, 192, 21,  87,  155, 2,  49,  87,  1,  16, 28,
+        89,  163, 230, 90,  137, 220, 29,  100, 183, 10,  70,  135, 2,  42,  81,  1,  17, 33,
+        108, 167, 237, 55,  133, 222, 15,  97,  179, 4,   72,  135, 1,  45,  85,  1,  19, 38,
+        124, 146, 240, 66,  124, 224, 17,  88,  175, 4,   58,  122, 1,  36,  75,  1,  18, 37,
+        141, 79,  241, 126, 70,  227, 66,  58,  182, 30,  44,  136, 12, 34,  96,  2,  20, 47,
+        229, 99,  249, 143, 111, 235, 46,  109, 192, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        82,  158, 236, 94,  146, 224, 25,  117, 191, 9,   87,  149, 3,  56,  99,  1,  33, 57,
+        83,  167, 237, 68,  145, 222, 10,  103, 177, 2,   72,  131, 1,  41,  79,  1,  20, 39,
+        99,  167, 239, 47,  141, 224, 10,  104, 178, 2,   73,  133, 1,  44,  85,  1,  22, 47,
+        127, 145, 243, 71,  129, 228, 17,  93,  177, 3,   61,  124, 1,  41,  84,  1,  21, 52,
+        157, 78,  244, 140, 72,  231, 69,  58,  184, 31,  44,  137, 14, 38,  105, 8,  23, 61,
+        125, 34,  187, 52,  41,  133, 6,   31,  56,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        37,  109, 153, 51,  102, 147, 23,  87,  128, 8,   67,  101, 1,  41,  63,  1,  19, 29,
+        31,  154, 185, 17,  127, 175, 6,   96,  145, 2,   73,  114, 1,  51,  82,  1,  28, 45,
+        23,  163, 200, 10,  131, 185, 2,   93,  148, 1,   67,  111, 1,  41,  69,  1,  14, 24,
+        29,  176, 217, 12,  145, 201, 3,   101, 156, 1,   69,  111, 1,  39,  63,  1,  14, 23,
+        57,  192, 233, 25,  154, 215, 6,   109, 167, 3,   78,  118, 1,  48,  69,  1,  21, 29,
+        202, 105, 245, 108, 106, 216, 18,  90,  144, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        33,  172, 219, 64,  149, 206, 14,  117, 177, 5,   90,  141, 2,  61,  95,  1,  37, 57,
+        33,  179, 220, 11,  140, 198, 1,   89,  148, 1,   60,  104, 1,  33,  57,  1,  12, 21,
+        30,  181, 221, 8,   141, 198, 1,   87,  145, 1,   58,  100, 1,  31,  55,  1,  12, 20,
+        32,  186, 224, 7,   142, 198, 1,   86,  143, 1,   58,  100, 1,  31,  55,  1,  12, 22,
+        57,  192, 227, 20,  143, 204, 3,   96,  154, 1,   68,  112, 1,  42,  69,  1,  19, 32,
+        212, 35,  215, 113, 47,  169, 29,  48,  105, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        74,  129, 203, 106, 120, 203, 49,  107, 178, 19,  84,  144, 4,  50,  84,  1,  15, 25,
+        71,  172, 217, 44,  141, 209, 15,  102, 173, 6,   76,  133, 2,  51,  89,  1,  24, 42,
+        64,  185, 231, 31,  148, 216, 8,   103, 175, 3,   74,  131, 1,  46,  81,  1,  18, 30,
+        65,  196, 235, 25,  157, 221, 5,   105, 174, 1,   67,  120, 1,  38,  69,  1,  15, 30,
+        65,  204, 238, 30,  156, 224, 7,   107, 177, 2,   70,  124, 1,  42,  73,  1,  18, 34,
+        225, 86,  251, 144, 104, 235, 42,  99,  181, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        85,  175, 239, 112, 165, 229, 29,  136, 200, 12,  103, 162, 6,  77,  123, 2,  53, 84,
+        75,  183, 239, 30,  155, 221, 3,   106, 171, 1,   74,  128, 1,  44,  76,  1,  17, 28,
+        73,  185, 240, 27,  159, 222, 2,   107, 172, 1,   75,  127, 1,  42,  73,  1,  17, 29,
+        62,  190, 238, 21,  159, 222, 2,   107, 172, 1,   72,  122, 1,  40,  71,  1,  18, 32,
+        61,  199, 240, 27,  161, 226, 4,   113, 180, 1,   76,  129, 1,  46,  80,  1,  23, 41,
+        7,   27,  153, 5,   30,  95,  1,   16,  30,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        50,  75,  127, 57,  75,  124, 27,  67,  108, 10,  54,  86,  1,  33,  52,  1,  12, 18,
+        43,  125, 151, 26,  108, 148, 7,   83,  122, 2,   59,  89,  1,  38,  60,  1,  17, 27,
+        23,  144, 163, 13,  112, 154, 2,   75,  117, 1,   50,  81,  1,  31,  51,  1,  14, 23,
+        18,  162, 185, 6,   123, 171, 1,   78,  125, 1,   51,  86,  1,  31,  54,  1,  14, 23,
+        15,  199, 227, 3,   150, 204, 1,   91,  146, 1,   55,  95,  1,  30,  53,  1,  11, 20,
+        19,  55,  240, 19,  59,  196, 3,   52,  105, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        41,  166, 207, 104, 153, 199, 31,  123, 181, 14,  101, 152, 5,  72,  106, 1,  36, 52,
+        35,  176, 211, 12,  131, 190, 2,   88,  144, 1,   60,  101, 1,  36,  60,  1,  16, 28,
+        28,  183, 213, 8,   134, 191, 1,   86,  142, 1,   56,  96,  1,  30,  53,  1,  12, 20,
+        20,  190, 215, 4,   135, 192, 1,   84,  139, 1,   53,  91,  1,  28,  49,  1,  11, 20,
+        13,  196, 216, 2,   137, 192, 1,   86,  143, 1,   57,  99,  1,  32,  56,  1,  13, 24,
+        211, 29,  217, 96,  47,  156, 22,  43,  87,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        78,  120, 193, 111, 116, 186, 46,  102, 164, 15,  80,  128, 2,  49,  76,  1,  18, 28,
+        71,  161, 203, 42,  132, 192, 10,  98,  150, 3,   69,  109, 1,  44,  70,  1,  18, 29,
+        57,  186, 211, 30,  140, 196, 4,   93,  146, 1,   62,  102, 1,  38,  65,  1,  16, 27,
+        47,  199, 217, 14,  145, 196, 1,   88,  142, 1,   57,  98,  1,  36,  62,  1,  15, 26,
+        26,  219, 229, 5,   155, 207, 1,   94,  151, 1,   60,  104, 1,  36,  62,  1,  16, 28,
+        233, 29,  248, 146, 47,  220, 43,  52,  140, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        100, 163, 232, 179, 161, 222, 63,  142, 204, 37,  113, 174, 26, 89,  137, 18, 68, 97,
+        85,  181, 230, 32,  146, 209, 7,   100, 164, 3,   71,  121, 1,  45,  77,  1,  18, 30,
+        65,  187, 230, 20,  148, 207, 2,   97,  159, 1,   68,  116, 1,  40,  70,  1,  14, 29,
+        40,  194, 227, 8,   147, 204, 1,   94,  155, 1,   65,  112, 1,  39,  66,  1,  14, 26,
+        16,  208, 228, 3,   151, 207, 1,   98,  160, 1,   67,  117, 1,  41,  74,  1,  17, 31,
+        17,  38,  140, 7,   34,  80,  1,   17,  29,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        37,  75,  128, 41,  76,  128, 26,  66,  116, 12,  52,  94,  2,  32,  55,  1,  10, 16,
+        50,  127, 154, 37,  109, 152, 16,  82,  121, 5,   59,  85,  1,  35,  54,  1,  13, 20,
+        40,  142, 167, 17,  110, 157, 2,   71,  112, 1,   44,  72,  1,  27,  45,  1,  11, 17,
+        30,  175, 188, 9,   124, 169, 1,   74,  116, 1,   48,  78,  1,  30,  49,  1,  11, 18,
+        10,  222, 223, 2,   150, 194, 1,   83,  128, 1,   48,  79,  1,  27,  45,  1,  11, 17,
+        36,  41,  235, 29,  36,  193, 10,  27,  111, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        85,  165, 222, 177, 162, 215, 110, 135, 195, 57,  113, 168, 23, 83,  120, 10, 49, 61,
+        85,  190, 223, 36,  139, 200, 5,   90,  146, 1,   60,  103, 1,  38,  65,  1,  18, 30,
+        72,  202, 223, 23,  141, 199, 2,   86,  140, 1,   56,  97,  1,  36,  61,  1,  16, 27,
+        55,  218, 225, 13,  145, 200, 1,   86,  141, 1,   57,  99,  1,  35,  61,  1,  13, 22,
+        15,  235, 212, 1,   132, 184, 1,   84,  139, 1,   57,  97,  1,  34,  56,  1,  14, 23,
+        181, 21,  201, 61,  37,  123, 10,  38,  71,  0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        47,  106, 172, 95,  104, 173, 42,  93,  159, 18,  77,  131, 4,  50,  81,  1,  17, 23,
+        62,  147, 199, 44,  130, 189, 28,  102, 154, 18,  75,  115, 2,  44,  65,  1,  12, 19,
+        55,  153, 210, 24,  130, 194, 3,   93,  146, 1,   61,  97,  1,  31,  50,  1,  10, 16,
+        49,  186, 223, 17,  148, 204, 1,   96,  142, 1,   53,  83,  1,  26,  44,  1,  11, 17,
+        13,  217, 212, 2,   136, 180, 1,   78,  124, 1,   50,  83,  1,  29,  49,  1,  14, 23,
+        197, 13,  247, 82,  17,  222, 25,  17,  162, 0,   0,   0,   0,  0,   0,   0,  0,  0,
+        126, 186, 247, 234, 191, 243, 176, 177, 234, 104, 158, 220, 66, 128, 186, 55, 90, 137,
+        111, 197, 242, 46,  158, 219, 9,   104, 171, 2,   65,  125, 1,  44,  80,  1,  17, 91,
+        104, 208, 245, 39,  168, 224, 3,   109, 162, 1,   79,  124, 1,  50,  102, 1,  43, 102,
+        84,  220, 246, 31,  177, 231, 2,   115, 180, 1,   79,  134, 1,  55,  77,  1,  60, 79,
+        43,  243, 240, 8,   180, 217, 1,   115, 166, 1,   84,  121, 1,  51,  67,  1,  16, 6,
+    },
+    .switchable_interp_prob{235, 162, 36, 255, 34, 3, 149, 144},
+    .inter_mode_prob{
+        2,  173, 34, 0,  7,  145, 85, 0,  7,  166, 63, 0,  7,  94,
+        66, 0,   8,  64, 46, 0,   17, 81, 31, 0,   25, 29, 30, 0,
+    },
+    .intra_inter_prob{9, 102, 187, 225},
+    .comp_inter_prob{9, 102, 187, 225, 0},
+    .single_ref_prob{33, 16, 77, 74, 142, 142, 172, 170, 238, 247},
+    .comp_ref_prob{50, 126, 123, 221, 226},
+    .tx_32x32_prob{3, 136, 37, 5, 52, 13},
+    .tx_16x16_prob{20, 152, 15, 101},
+    .tx_8x8_prob{100, 66},
+    .skip_probs{192, 128, 64},
+    .joints{32, 64, 96},
+    .sign{128, 128},
+    .classes{
+        224, 144, 192, 168, 192, 176, 192, 198, 198, 245,
+        216, 128, 176, 160, 176, 176, 192, 198, 198, 208,
+    },
+    .class_0{216, 208},
+    .prob_bits{
+        136, 140, 148, 160, 176, 192, 224, 234, 234, 240,
+        136, 140, 148, 160, 176, 192, 224, 234, 234, 240,
+    },
+    .class_0_fr{128, 128, 64, 96, 112, 64, 128, 128, 64, 96, 112, 64},
+    .fr{64, 96, 64, 64, 96, 64},
+    .class_0_hp{160, 160},
+    .high_precision{128, 128},
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<u8, 256> norm_lut{
+    0, 7, 6, 6, 5, 5, 5, 5, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3, 3,
+    2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2, 2,
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+    1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+    0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
+};
+
+constexpr std::array<u8, 254> map_lut{
+    20,  21,  22,  23,  24,  25,  0,   26,  27,  28,  29,  30,  31,  32,  33,  34,  35,  36,  37,
+    1,   38,  39,  40,  41,  42,  43,  44,  45,  46,  47,  48,  49,  2,   50,  51,  52,  53,  54,
+    55,  56,  57,  58,  59,  60,  61,  3,   62,  63,  64,  65,  66,  67,  68,  69,  70,  71,  72,
+    73,  4,   74,  75,  76,  77,  78,  79,  80,  81,  82,  83,  84,  85,  5,   86,  87,  88,  89,
+    90,  91,  92,  93,  94,  95,  96,  97,  6,   98,  99,  100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107,
+    108, 109, 7,   110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 8,   122, 123, 124,
+    125, 126, 127, 128, 129, 130, 131, 132, 133, 9,   134, 135, 136, 137, 138, 139, 140, 141, 142,
+    143, 144, 145, 10,  146, 147, 148, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 155, 156, 157, 11,  158, 159,
+    160, 161, 162, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169, 12,  170, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175, 176, 177,
+    178, 179, 180, 181, 13,  182, 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, 190, 191, 192, 193, 14,  194,
+    195, 196, 197, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 204, 205, 15,  206, 207, 208, 209, 210, 211, 212,
+    213, 214, 215, 216, 217, 16,  218, 219, 220, 221, 222, 223, 224, 225, 226, 227, 228, 229, 17,
+    230, 231, 232, 233, 234, 235, 236, 237, 238, 239, 240, 241, 18,  242, 243, 244, 245, 246, 247,
+    248, 249, 250, 251, 252, 253, 19,
+};
+
+// 6.2.14 Tile size calculation
+
+[[nodiscard]] s32 CalcMinLog2TileCols(s32 frame_width) {
+    const s32 sb64_cols = (frame_width + 63) / 64;
+    s32 min_log2 = 0;
+
+    while ((64 << min_log2) < sb64_cols) {
+        min_log2++;
+    }
+
+    return min_log2;
+}
+
+[[nodiscard]] s32 CalcMaxLog2TileCols(s32 frame_width) {
+    const s32 sb64_cols = (frame_width + 63) / 64;
+    s32 max_log2 = 1;
+
+    while ((sb64_cols >> max_log2) >= 4) {
+        max_log2++;
+    }
+
+    return max_log2 - 1;
+}
+
+// Recenters probability. Based on section 6.3.6 of VP9 Specification
+[[nodiscard]] s32 RecenterNonNeg(s32 new_prob, s32 old_prob) {
+    if (new_prob > old_prob * 2) {
+        return new_prob;
+    }
+
+    if (new_prob >= old_prob) {
+        return (new_prob - old_prob) * 2;
+    }
+
+    return (old_prob - new_prob) * 2 - 1;
+}
+
+// Adjusts old_prob depending on new_prob. Based on section 6.3.5 of VP9 Specification
+[[nodiscard]] s32 RemapProbability(s32 new_prob, s32 old_prob) {
+    new_prob--;
+    old_prob--;
+
+    std::size_t index{};
+
+    if (old_prob * 2 <= 0xff) {
+        index = static_cast<std::size_t>(std::max(0, RecenterNonNeg(new_prob, old_prob) - 1));
+    } else {
+        index = static_cast<std::size_t>(
+            std::max(0, RecenterNonNeg(0xff - 1 - new_prob, 0xff - 1 - old_prob) - 1));
+    }
+
+    return static_cast<s32>(map_lut[index]);
+}
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+VP9::VP9(GPU& gpu_) : gpu{gpu_} {}
+
+VP9::~VP9() = default;
+
+void VP9::WriteProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob) {
+    const bool update = new_prob != old_prob;
+
+    writer.Write(update, diff_update_probability);
+
+    if (update) {
+        WriteProbabilityDelta(writer, new_prob, old_prob);
+    }
+}
+template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+void VP9::WriteProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, const std::array<T, N>& new_prob,
+                                 const std::array<T, N>& old_prob) {
+    for (std::size_t offset = 0; offset < new_prob.size(); ++offset) {
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[offset], old_prob[offset]);
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+void VP9::WriteProbabilityUpdateAligned4(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, const std::array<T, N>& new_prob,
+                                         const std::array<T, N>& old_prob) {
+    for (std::size_t offset = 0; offset < new_prob.size(); offset += 4) {
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[offset + 0], old_prob[offset + 0]);
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[offset + 1], old_prob[offset + 1]);
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[offset + 2], old_prob[offset + 2]);
+    }
+}
+
+void VP9::WriteProbabilityDelta(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob) {
+    const int delta = RemapProbability(new_prob, old_prob);
+
+    EncodeTermSubExp(writer, delta);
+}
+
+void VP9::EncodeTermSubExp(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 value) {
+    if (WriteLessThan(writer, value, 16)) {
+        writer.Write(value, 4);
+    } else if (WriteLessThan(writer, value, 32)) {
+        writer.Write(value - 16, 4);
+    } else if (WriteLessThan(writer, value, 64)) {
+        writer.Write(value - 32, 5);
+    } else {
+        value -= 64;
+
+        constexpr s32 size = 8;
+
+        const s32 mask = (1 << size) - 191;
+
+        const s32 delta = value - mask;
+
+        if (delta < 0) {
+            writer.Write(value, size - 1);
+        } else {
+            writer.Write(delta / 2 + mask, size - 1);
+            writer.Write(delta & 1, 1);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+bool VP9::WriteLessThan(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 value, s32 test) {
+    const bool is_lt = value < test;
+    writer.Write(!is_lt);
+    return is_lt;
+}
+
+void VP9::WriteCoefProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 tx_mode,
+                                     const std::array<u8, 1728>& new_prob,
+                                     const std::array<u8, 1728>& old_prob) {
+    constexpr u32 block_bytes = 2 * 2 * 6 * 6 * 3;
+
+    const auto needs_update = [&](u32 base_index) {
+        return !std::equal(new_prob.begin() + base_index,
+                           new_prob.begin() + base_index + block_bytes,
+                           old_prob.begin() + base_index);
+    };
+
+    for (u32 block_index = 0; block_index < 4; block_index++) {
+        const u32 base_index = block_index * block_bytes;
+        const bool update = needs_update(base_index);
+        writer.Write(update);
+
+        if (update) {
+            u32 index = base_index;
+            for (s32 i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+                for (s32 j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+                    for (s32 k = 0; k < 6; k++) {
+                        for (s32 l = 0; l < 6; l++) {
+                            if (k != 0 || l < 3) {
+                                WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[index + 0],
+                                                       old_prob[index + 0]);
+                                WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[index + 1],
+                                                       old_prob[index + 1]);
+                                WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, new_prob[index + 2],
+                                                       old_prob[index + 2]);
+                            }
+                            index += 3;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        if (block_index == static_cast<u32>(tx_mode)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+void VP9::WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob) {
+    const bool update = new_prob != old_prob;
+    writer.Write(update, diff_update_probability);
+
+    if (update) {
+        writer.Write(new_prob >> 1, 7);
+    }
+}
+
+Vp9PictureInfo VP9::GetVp9PictureInfo(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state) {
+    PictureInfo picture_info;
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.picture_info_offset, &picture_info, sizeof(PictureInfo));
+    Vp9PictureInfo vp9_info = picture_info.Convert();
+
+    InsertEntropy(state.vp9_entropy_probs_offset, vp9_info.entropy);
+
+    // surface_luma_offset[0:3] contains the address of the reference frame offsets in the following
+    // order: last, golden, altref, current.
+    std::copy(state.surface_luma_offset.begin(), state.surface_luma_offset.begin() + 4,
+              vp9_info.frame_offsets.begin());
+
+    return vp9_info;
+}
+
+void VP9::InsertEntropy(u64 offset, Vp9EntropyProbs& dst) {
+    EntropyProbs entropy;
+    gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(offset, &entropy, sizeof(EntropyProbs));
+    entropy.Convert(dst);
+}
+
+Vp9FrameContainer VP9::GetCurrentFrame(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state) {
+    Vp9FrameContainer current_frame{};
+    {
+        gpu.SyncGuestHost();
+        current_frame.info = GetVp9PictureInfo(state);
+        current_frame.bit_stream.resize(current_frame.info.bitstream_size);
+        gpu.MemoryManager().ReadBlock(state.frame_bitstream_offset, current_frame.bit_stream.data(),
+                                      current_frame.info.bitstream_size);
+    }
+    if (!next_frame.bit_stream.empty()) {
+        Vp9FrameContainer temp{
+            .info = current_frame.info,
+            .bit_stream = std::move(current_frame.bit_stream),
+        };
+        next_frame.info.show_frame = current_frame.info.last_frame_shown;
+        current_frame.info = next_frame.info;
+        current_frame.bit_stream = std::move(next_frame.bit_stream);
+        next_frame = std::move(temp);
+    } else {
+        next_frame.info = current_frame.info;
+        next_frame.bit_stream = current_frame.bit_stream;
+    }
+    return current_frame;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8> VP9::ComposeCompressedHeader() {
+    VpxRangeEncoder writer{};
+    const bool update_probs = !current_frame_info.is_key_frame && current_frame_info.show_frame;
+    if (!current_frame_info.lossless) {
+        if (static_cast<u32>(current_frame_info.transform_mode) >= 3) {
+            writer.Write(3, 2);
+            writer.Write(current_frame_info.transform_mode == 4);
+        } else {
+            writer.Write(current_frame_info.transform_mode, 2);
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (current_frame_info.transform_mode == 4) {
+        // tx_mode_probs() in the spec
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.tx_8x8_prob,
+                               prev_frame_probs.tx_8x8_prob);
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.tx_16x16_prob,
+                               prev_frame_probs.tx_16x16_prob);
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.tx_32x32_prob,
+                               prev_frame_probs.tx_32x32_prob);
+        if (update_probs) {
+            prev_frame_probs.tx_8x8_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.tx_8x8_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.tx_16x16_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.tx_16x16_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.tx_32x32_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.tx_32x32_prob;
+        }
+    }
+    // read_coef_probs()  in the spec
+    WriteCoefProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.transform_mode,
+                               current_frame_info.entropy.coef_probs, prev_frame_probs.coef_probs);
+    // read_skip_probs()  in the spec
+    WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.skip_probs,
+                           prev_frame_probs.skip_probs);
+
+    if (update_probs) {
+        prev_frame_probs.coef_probs = current_frame_info.entropy.coef_probs;
+        prev_frame_probs.skip_probs = current_frame_info.entropy.skip_probs;
+    }
+
+    if (!current_frame_info.intra_only) {
+        // read_inter_probs() in the spec
+        WriteProbabilityUpdateAligned4(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.inter_mode_prob,
+                                       prev_frame_probs.inter_mode_prob);
+
+        if (current_frame_info.interp_filter == 4) {
+            // read_interp_filter_probs() in the spec
+            WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.switchable_interp_prob,
+                                   prev_frame_probs.switchable_interp_prob);
+            if (update_probs) {
+                prev_frame_probs.switchable_interp_prob =
+                    current_frame_info.entropy.switchable_interp_prob;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // read_is_inter_probs() in the spec
+        WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.intra_inter_prob,
+                               prev_frame_probs.intra_inter_prob);
+
+        // frame_reference_mode() in the spec
+        if ((current_frame_info.ref_frame_sign_bias[1] & 1) !=
+                (current_frame_info.ref_frame_sign_bias[2] & 1) ||
+            (current_frame_info.ref_frame_sign_bias[1] & 1) !=
+                (current_frame_info.ref_frame_sign_bias[3] & 1)) {
+            if (current_frame_info.reference_mode >= 1) {
+                writer.Write(1, 1);
+                writer.Write(current_frame_info.reference_mode == 2);
+            } else {
+                writer.Write(0, 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // frame_reference_mode_probs() in the spec
+        if (current_frame_info.reference_mode == 2) {
+            WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.comp_inter_prob,
+                                   prev_frame_probs.comp_inter_prob);
+            if (update_probs) {
+                prev_frame_probs.comp_inter_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.comp_inter_prob;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (current_frame_info.reference_mode != 1) {
+            WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.single_ref_prob,
+                                   prev_frame_probs.single_ref_prob);
+            if (update_probs) {
+                prev_frame_probs.single_ref_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.single_ref_prob;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (current_frame_info.reference_mode != 0) {
+            WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.comp_ref_prob,
+                                   prev_frame_probs.comp_ref_prob);
+            if (update_probs) {
+                prev_frame_probs.comp_ref_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.comp_ref_prob;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // read_y_mode_probs
+        for (std::size_t index = 0; index < current_frame_info.entropy.y_mode_prob.size();
+             ++index) {
+            WriteProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.y_mode_prob[index],
+                                   prev_frame_probs.y_mode_prob[index]);
+        }
+
+        // read_partition_probs
+        WriteProbabilityUpdateAligned4(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.partition_prob,
+                                       prev_frame_probs.partition_prob);
+
+        // mv_probs
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+            WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.joints[i],
+                                     prev_frame_probs.joints[i]);
+        }
+        if (update_probs) {
+            prev_frame_probs.inter_mode_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.inter_mode_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.intra_inter_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.intra_inter_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.y_mode_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.y_mode_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.partition_prob = current_frame_info.entropy.partition_prob;
+            prev_frame_probs.joints = current_frame_info.entropy.joints;
+        }
+
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.sign[i],
+                                     prev_frame_probs.sign[i]);
+            for (s32 j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+                const int index = i * 10 + j;
+                WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.classes[index],
+                                         prev_frame_probs.classes[index]);
+            }
+            WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.class_0[i],
+                                     prev_frame_probs.class_0[i]);
+
+            for (s32 j = 0; j < 10; j++) {
+                const int index = i * 10 + j;
+                WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.prob_bits[index],
+                                         prev_frame_probs.prob_bits[index]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        for (s32 i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+            for (s32 j = 0; j < 2; j++) {
+                for (s32 k = 0; k < 3; k++) {
+                    const int index = i * 2 * 3 + j * 3 + k;
+                    WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.class_0_fr[index],
+                                             prev_frame_probs.class_0_fr[index]);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (s32 j = 0; j < 3; j++) {
+                const int index = i * 3 + j;
+                WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.fr[index],
+                                         prev_frame_probs.fr[index]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (current_frame_info.allow_high_precision_mv) {
+            for (s32 index = 0; index < 2; index++) {
+                WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.class_0_hp[index],
+                                         prev_frame_probs.class_0_hp[index]);
+                WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(writer, current_frame_info.entropy.high_precision[index],
+                                         prev_frame_probs.high_precision[index]);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // save previous probs
+        if (update_probs) {
+            prev_frame_probs.sign = current_frame_info.entropy.sign;
+            prev_frame_probs.classes = current_frame_info.entropy.classes;
+            prev_frame_probs.class_0 = current_frame_info.entropy.class_0;
+            prev_frame_probs.prob_bits = current_frame_info.entropy.prob_bits;
+            prev_frame_probs.class_0_fr = current_frame_info.entropy.class_0_fr;
+            prev_frame_probs.fr = current_frame_info.entropy.fr;
+            prev_frame_probs.class_0_hp = current_frame_info.entropy.class_0_hp;
+            prev_frame_probs.high_precision = current_frame_info.entropy.high_precision;
+        }
+    }
+    writer.End();
+    return writer.GetBuffer();
+}
+
+VpxBitStreamWriter VP9::ComposeUncompressedHeader() {
+    VpxBitStreamWriter uncomp_writer{};
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(2, 2);                                      // Frame marker.
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(0, 2);                                      // Profile.
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(false);                                   // Show existing frame.
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(!current_frame_info.is_key_frame);        // is key frame?
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.show_frame);           // show frame?
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.error_resilient_mode); // error reslience
+
+    if (current_frame_info.is_key_frame) {
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(frame_sync_code, 24);
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(0, 3); // Color space.
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(0, 1); // Color range.
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.frame_size.width - 1, 16);
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.frame_size.height - 1, 16);
+        uncomp_writer.WriteBit(false); // Render and frame size different.
+
+        // Reset context
+        prev_frame_probs = default_probs;
+        swap_ref_indices = false;
+        loop_filter_ref_deltas.fill(0);
+        loop_filter_mode_deltas.fill(0);
+        frame_ctxs.fill(default_probs);
+
+        // intra only, meaning the frame can be recreated with no other references
+        current_frame_info.intra_only = true;
+    } else {
+        if (!current_frame_info.show_frame) {
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.intra_only);
+        } else {
+            current_frame_info.intra_only = false;
+        }
+        if (!current_frame_info.error_resilient_mode) {
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(0, 2); // Reset frame context.
+        }
+        const auto& curr_offsets = current_frame_info.frame_offsets;
+        const auto& next_offsets = next_frame.info.frame_offsets;
+        const bool ref_frames_different = curr_offsets[1] != curr_offsets[2];
+        const bool next_references_swap =
+            (next_offsets[1] == curr_offsets[2]) || (next_offsets[2] == curr_offsets[1]);
+        const bool needs_ref_swap = ref_frames_different && next_references_swap;
+        if (needs_ref_swap) {
+            swap_ref_indices = !swap_ref_indices;
+        }
+        union {
+            u32 raw;
+            BitField<0, 1, u32> refresh_last;
+            BitField<1, 2, u32> refresh_golden;
+            BitField<2, 1, u32> refresh_alt;
+        } refresh_frame_flags;
+
+        refresh_frame_flags.raw = 0;
+        for (u32 index = 0; index < 3; ++index) {
+            // Refresh indices that use the current frame as an index
+            if (curr_offsets[3] == next_offsets[index]) {
+                refresh_frame_flags.raw |= 1u << index;
+            }
+        }
+        if (swap_ref_indices) {
+            const u32 temp = refresh_frame_flags.refresh_golden;
+            refresh_frame_flags.refresh_golden.Assign(refresh_frame_flags.refresh_alt.Value());
+            refresh_frame_flags.refresh_alt.Assign(temp);
+        }
+        if (current_frame_info.intra_only) {
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(frame_sync_code, 24);
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(refresh_frame_flags.raw, 8);
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.frame_size.width - 1, 16);
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.frame_size.height - 1, 16);
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(false); // Render and frame size different.
+        } else {
+            const bool swap_indices = needs_ref_swap ^ swap_ref_indices;
+            const auto ref_frame_index = swap_indices ? std::array{0, 2, 1} : std::array{0, 1, 2};
+            uncomp_writer.WriteU(refresh_frame_flags.raw, 8);
+            for (size_t index = 1; index < 4; index++) {
+                uncomp_writer.WriteU(ref_frame_index[index - 1], 3);
+                uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.ref_frame_sign_bias[index], 1);
+            }
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(true);  // Frame size with refs.
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(false); // Render and frame size different.
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.allow_high_precision_mv);
+            uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.interp_filter == 4);
+
+            if (current_frame_info.interp_filter != 4) {
+                uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.interp_filter, 2);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    if (!current_frame_info.error_resilient_mode) {
+        uncomp_writer.WriteBit(true); // Refresh frame context. where do i get this info from?
+        uncomp_writer.WriteBit(true); // Frame parallel decoding mode.
+    }
+
+    int frame_ctx_idx = 0;
+    if (!current_frame_info.show_frame) {
+        frame_ctx_idx = 1;
+    }
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(frame_ctx_idx, 2);       // Frame context index.
+    prev_frame_probs = frame_ctxs[frame_ctx_idx]; // reference probabilities for compressed header
+    frame_ctxs[frame_ctx_idx] = current_frame_info.entropy;
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.first_level, 6);
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.sharpness_level, 3);
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.mode_ref_delta_enabled);
+
+    if (current_frame_info.mode_ref_delta_enabled) {
+        // check if ref deltas are different, update accordingly
+        std::array<bool, 4> update_loop_filter_ref_deltas;
+        std::array<bool, 2> update_loop_filter_mode_deltas;
+
+        bool loop_filter_delta_update = false;
+
+        for (std::size_t index = 0; index < current_frame_info.ref_deltas.size(); index++) {
+            const s8 old_deltas = loop_filter_ref_deltas[index];
+            const s8 new_deltas = current_frame_info.ref_deltas[index];
+            const bool differing_delta = old_deltas != new_deltas;
+
+            update_loop_filter_ref_deltas[index] = differing_delta;
+            loop_filter_delta_update |= differing_delta;
+        }
+
+        for (std::size_t index = 0; index < current_frame_info.mode_deltas.size(); index++) {
+            const s8 old_deltas = loop_filter_mode_deltas[index];
+            const s8 new_deltas = current_frame_info.mode_deltas[index];
+            const bool differing_delta = old_deltas != new_deltas;
+
+            update_loop_filter_mode_deltas[index] = differing_delta;
+            loop_filter_delta_update |= differing_delta;
+        }
+
+        uncomp_writer.WriteBit(loop_filter_delta_update);
+
+        if (loop_filter_delta_update) {
+            for (std::size_t index = 0; index < current_frame_info.ref_deltas.size(); index++) {
+                uncomp_writer.WriteBit(update_loop_filter_ref_deltas[index]);
+
+                if (update_loop_filter_ref_deltas[index]) {
+                    uncomp_writer.WriteS(current_frame_info.ref_deltas[index], 6);
+                }
+            }
+
+            for (std::size_t index = 0; index < current_frame_info.mode_deltas.size(); index++) {
+                uncomp_writer.WriteBit(update_loop_filter_mode_deltas[index]);
+
+                if (update_loop_filter_mode_deltas[index]) {
+                    uncomp_writer.WriteS(current_frame_info.mode_deltas[index], 6);
+                }
+            }
+            // save new deltas
+            loop_filter_ref_deltas = current_frame_info.ref_deltas;
+            loop_filter_mode_deltas = current_frame_info.mode_deltas;
+        }
+    }
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(current_frame_info.base_q_index, 8);
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteDeltaQ(current_frame_info.y_dc_delta_q);
+    uncomp_writer.WriteDeltaQ(current_frame_info.uv_dc_delta_q);
+    uncomp_writer.WriteDeltaQ(current_frame_info.uv_ac_delta_q);
+
+    ASSERT(!current_frame_info.segment_enabled);
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(false); // Segmentation enabled (TODO).
+
+    const s32 min_tile_cols_log2 = CalcMinLog2TileCols(current_frame_info.frame_size.width);
+    const s32 max_tile_cols_log2 = CalcMaxLog2TileCols(current_frame_info.frame_size.width);
+
+    const s32 tile_cols_log2_diff = current_frame_info.log2_tile_cols - min_tile_cols_log2;
+    const s32 tile_cols_log2_inc_mask = (1 << tile_cols_log2_diff) - 1;
+
+    // If it's less than the maximum, we need to add an extra 0 on the bitstream
+    // to indicate that it should stop reading.
+    if (current_frame_info.log2_tile_cols < max_tile_cols_log2) {
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(tile_cols_log2_inc_mask << 1, tile_cols_log2_diff + 1);
+    } else {
+        uncomp_writer.WriteU(tile_cols_log2_inc_mask, tile_cols_log2_diff);
+    }
+
+    const bool tile_rows_log2_is_nonzero = current_frame_info.log2_tile_rows != 0;
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteBit(tile_rows_log2_is_nonzero);
+
+    if (tile_rows_log2_is_nonzero) {
+        uncomp_writer.WriteBit(current_frame_info.log2_tile_rows > 1);
+    }
+
+    return uncomp_writer;
+}
+
+void VP9::ComposeFrame(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state) {
+    std::vector<u8> bitstream;
+    {
+        Vp9FrameContainer curr_frame = GetCurrentFrame(state);
+        current_frame_info = curr_frame.info;
+        bitstream = std::move(curr_frame.bit_stream);
+    }
+    // The uncompressed header routine sets PrevProb parameters needed for the compressed header
+    auto uncomp_writer = ComposeUncompressedHeader();
+    std::vector<u8> compressed_header = ComposeCompressedHeader();
+
+    uncomp_writer.WriteU(static_cast<s32>(compressed_header.size()), 16);
+    uncomp_writer.Flush();
+    std::vector<u8> uncompressed_header = uncomp_writer.GetByteArray();
+
+    // Write headers and frame to buffer
+    frame.resize(uncompressed_header.size() + compressed_header.size() + bitstream.size());
+    std::copy(uncompressed_header.begin(), uncompressed_header.end(), frame.begin());
+    std::copy(compressed_header.begin(), compressed_header.end(),
+              frame.begin() + uncompressed_header.size());
+    std::copy(bitstream.begin(), bitstream.end(),
+              frame.begin() + uncompressed_header.size() + compressed_header.size());
+}
+
+VpxRangeEncoder::VpxRangeEncoder() {
+    Write(false);
+}
+
+VpxRangeEncoder::~VpxRangeEncoder() = default;
+
+void VpxRangeEncoder::Write(s32 value, s32 value_size) {
+    for (s32 bit = value_size - 1; bit >= 0; bit--) {
+        Write(((value >> bit) & 1) != 0);
+    }
+}
+
+void VpxRangeEncoder::Write(bool bit) {
+    Write(bit, half_probability);
+}
+
+void VpxRangeEncoder::Write(bool bit, s32 probability) {
+    u32 local_range = range;
+    const u32 split = 1 + (((local_range - 1) * static_cast<u32>(probability)) >> 8);
+    local_range = split;
+
+    if (bit) {
+        low_value += split;
+        local_range = range - split;
+    }
+
+    s32 shift = static_cast<s32>(norm_lut[local_range]);
+    local_range <<= shift;
+    count += shift;
+
+    if (count >= 0) {
+        const s32 offset = shift - count;
+
+        if (((low_value << (offset - 1)) >> 31) != 0) {
+            const s32 current_pos = static_cast<s32>(base_stream.GetPosition());
+            base_stream.Seek(-1, Common::SeekOrigin::FromCurrentPos);
+            while (PeekByte() == 0xff) {
+                base_stream.WriteByte(0);
+
+                base_stream.Seek(-2, Common::SeekOrigin::FromCurrentPos);
+            }
+            base_stream.WriteByte(static_cast<u8>((PeekByte() + 1)));
+            base_stream.Seek(current_pos, Common::SeekOrigin::SetOrigin);
+        }
+        base_stream.WriteByte(static_cast<u8>((low_value >> (24 - offset))));
+
+        low_value <<= offset;
+        shift = count;
+        low_value &= 0xffffff;
+        count -= 8;
+    }
+
+    low_value <<= shift;
+    range = local_range;
+}
+
+void VpxRangeEncoder::End() {
+    for (std::size_t index = 0; index < 32; ++index) {
+        Write(false);
+    }
+}
+
+u8 VpxRangeEncoder::PeekByte() {
+    const u8 value = base_stream.ReadByte();
+    base_stream.Seek(-1, Common::SeekOrigin::FromCurrentPos);
+
+    return value;
+}
+
+VpxBitStreamWriter::VpxBitStreamWriter() = default;
+
+VpxBitStreamWriter::~VpxBitStreamWriter() = default;
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::WriteU(u32 value, u32 value_size) {
+    WriteBits(value, value_size);
+}
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::WriteS(s32 value, u32 value_size) {
+    const bool sign = value < 0;
+    if (sign) {
+        value = -value;
+    }
+
+    WriteBits(static_cast<u32>(value << 1) | (sign ? 1 : 0), value_size + 1);
+}
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::WriteDeltaQ(u32 value) {
+    const bool delta_coded = value != 0;
+    WriteBit(delta_coded);
+
+    if (delta_coded) {
+        WriteBits(value, 4);
+    }
+}
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::WriteBits(u32 value, u32 bit_count) {
+    s32 value_pos = 0;
+    s32 remaining = bit_count;
+
+    while (remaining > 0) {
+        s32 copy_size = remaining;
+
+        const s32 free = GetFreeBufferBits();
+
+        if (copy_size > free) {
+            copy_size = free;
+        }
+
+        const s32 mask = (1 << copy_size) - 1;
+
+        const s32 src_shift = (bit_count - value_pos) - copy_size;
+        const s32 dst_shift = (buffer_size - buffer_pos) - copy_size;
+
+        buffer |= ((value >> src_shift) & mask) << dst_shift;
+
+        value_pos += copy_size;
+        buffer_pos += copy_size;
+        remaining -= copy_size;
+    }
+}
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::WriteBit(bool state) {
+    WriteBits(state ? 1 : 0, 1);
+}
+
+s32 VpxBitStreamWriter::GetFreeBufferBits() {
+    if (buffer_pos == buffer_size) {
+        Flush();
+    }
+
+    return buffer_size - buffer_pos;
+}
+
+void VpxBitStreamWriter::Flush() {
+    if (buffer_pos == 0) {
+        return;
+    }
+    byte_array.push_back(static_cast<u8>(buffer));
+    buffer = 0;
+    buffer_pos = 0;
+}
+
+std::vector<u8>& VpxBitStreamWriter::GetByteArray() {
+    return byte_array;
+}
+
+const std::vector<u8>& VpxBitStreamWriter::GetByteArray() const {
+    return byte_array;
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Decoder
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.h b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a425c0fa4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9.h
@@ -0,0 +1,194 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "common/stream.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9_types.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+namespace Decoder {
+
+/// The VpxRangeEncoder, and VpxBitStreamWriter classes are used to compose the
+/// VP9 header bitstreams.
+
+class VpxRangeEncoder {
+public:
+    VpxRangeEncoder();
+    ~VpxRangeEncoder();
+
+    VpxRangeEncoder(const VpxRangeEncoder&) = delete;
+    VpxRangeEncoder& operator=(const VpxRangeEncoder&) = delete;
+
+    VpxRangeEncoder(VpxRangeEncoder&&) = default;
+    VpxRangeEncoder& operator=(VpxRangeEncoder&&) = default;
+
+    /// Writes the rightmost value_size bits from value into the stream
+    void Write(s32 value, s32 value_size);
+
+    /// Writes a single bit with half probability
+    void Write(bool bit);
+
+    /// Writes a bit to the base_stream encoded with probability
+    void Write(bool bit, s32 probability);
+
+    /// Signal the end of the bitstream
+    void End();
+
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8>& GetBuffer() {
+        return base_stream.GetBuffer();
+    }
+
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& GetBuffer() const {
+        return base_stream.GetBuffer();
+    }
+
+private:
+    u8 PeekByte();
+    Common::Stream base_stream{};
+    u32 low_value{};
+    u32 range{0xff};
+    s32 count{-24};
+    s32 half_probability{128};
+};
+
+class VpxBitStreamWriter {
+public:
+    VpxBitStreamWriter();
+    ~VpxBitStreamWriter();
+
+    VpxBitStreamWriter(const VpxBitStreamWriter&) = delete;
+    VpxBitStreamWriter& operator=(const VpxBitStreamWriter&) = delete;
+
+    VpxBitStreamWriter(VpxBitStreamWriter&&) = default;
+    VpxBitStreamWriter& operator=(VpxBitStreamWriter&&) = default;
+
+    /// Write an unsigned integer value
+    void WriteU(u32 value, u32 value_size);
+
+    /// Write a signed integer value
+    void WriteS(s32 value, u32 value_size);
+
+    /// Based on 6.2.10 of VP9 Spec, writes a delta coded value
+    void WriteDeltaQ(u32 value);
+
+    /// Write a single bit.
+    void WriteBit(bool state);
+
+    /// Pushes current buffer into buffer_array, resets buffer
+    void Flush();
+
+    /// Returns byte_array
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8>& GetByteArray();
+
+    /// Returns const byte_array
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& GetByteArray() const;
+
+private:
+    /// Write bit_count bits from value into buffer
+    void WriteBits(u32 value, u32 bit_count);
+
+    /// Gets next available position in buffer, invokes Flush() if buffer is full
+    s32 GetFreeBufferBits();
+
+    s32 buffer_size{8};
+
+    s32 buffer{};
+    s32 buffer_pos{};
+    std::vector<u8> byte_array;
+};
+
+class VP9 {
+public:
+    explicit VP9(GPU& gpu_);
+    ~VP9();
+
+    VP9(const VP9&) = delete;
+    VP9& operator=(const VP9&) = delete;
+
+    VP9(VP9&&) = default;
+    VP9& operator=(VP9&&) = delete;
+
+    /// Composes the VP9 frame from the GPU state information.
+    /// Based on the official VP9 spec documentation
+    void ComposeFrame(const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state);
+
+    /// Returns true if the most recent frame was a hidden frame.
+    [[nodiscard]] bool WasFrameHidden() const {
+        return !current_frame_info.show_frame;
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a const reference to the composed frame data.
+    [[nodiscard]] const std::vector<u8>& GetFrameBytes() const {
+        return frame;
+    }
+
+private:
+    /// Generates compressed header probability updates in the bitstream writer
+    template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+    void WriteProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, const std::array<T, N>& new_prob,
+                                const std::array<T, N>& old_prob);
+
+    /// Generates compressed header probability updates in the bitstream writer
+    /// If probs are not equal, WriteProbabilityDelta is invoked
+    void WriteProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob);
+
+    /// Generates compressed header probability deltas in the bitstream writer
+    void WriteProbabilityDelta(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob);
+
+    /// Inverse of 6.3.4 Decode term subexp
+    void EncodeTermSubExp(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 value);
+
+    /// Writes if the value is less than the test value
+    bool WriteLessThan(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 value, s32 test);
+
+    /// Writes probability updates for the Coef probabilities
+    void WriteCoefProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, s32 tx_mode,
+                                    const std::array<u8, 1728>& new_prob,
+                                    const std::array<u8, 1728>& old_prob);
+
+    /// Write probabilities for 4-byte aligned structures
+    template <typename T, std::size_t N>
+    void WriteProbabilityUpdateAligned4(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, const std::array<T, N>& new_prob,
+                                        const std::array<T, N>& old_prob);
+
+    /// Write motion vector probability updates. 6.3.17 in the spec
+    void WriteMvProbabilityUpdate(VpxRangeEncoder& writer, u8 new_prob, u8 old_prob);
+
+    /// Returns VP9 information from NVDEC provided offset and size
+    [[nodiscard]] Vp9PictureInfo GetVp9PictureInfo(
+        const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state);
+
+    /// Read and convert NVDEC provided entropy probs to Vp9EntropyProbs struct
+    void InsertEntropy(u64 offset, Vp9EntropyProbs& dst);
+
+    /// Returns frame to be decoded after buffering
+    [[nodiscard]] Vp9FrameContainer GetCurrentFrame(
+        const Host1x::NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters& state);
+
+    /// Use NVDEC providied information to compose the headers for the current frame
+    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<u8> ComposeCompressedHeader();
+    [[nodiscard]] VpxBitStreamWriter ComposeUncompressedHeader();
+
+    GPU& gpu;
+    std::vector<u8> frame;
+
+    std::array<s8, 4> loop_filter_ref_deltas{};
+    std::array<s8, 2> loop_filter_mode_deltas{};
+
+    Vp9FrameContainer next_frame{};
+    std::array<Vp9EntropyProbs, 4> frame_ctxs{};
+    bool swap_ref_indices{};
+
+    Vp9PictureInfo current_frame_info{};
+    Vp9EntropyProbs prev_frame_probs{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Decoder
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9_types.h b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9_types.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..bb3d8df6e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/codecs/vp9_types.h
@@ -0,0 +1,306 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+
+namespace Decoder {
+struct Vp9FrameDimensions {
+    s16 width;
+    s16 height;
+    s16 luma_pitch;
+    s16 chroma_pitch;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(Vp9FrameDimensions) == 0x8, "Vp9 Vp9FrameDimensions is an invalid size");
+
+enum class FrameFlags : u32 {
+    IsKeyFrame = 1 << 0,
+    LastFrameIsKeyFrame = 1 << 1,
+    FrameSizeChanged = 1 << 2,
+    ErrorResilientMode = 1 << 3,
+    LastShowFrame = 1 << 4,
+    IntraOnly = 1 << 5,
+};
+DECLARE_ENUM_FLAG_OPERATORS(FrameFlags)
+
+enum class TxSize {
+    Tx4x4 = 0,   // 4x4 transform
+    Tx8x8 = 1,   // 8x8 transform
+    Tx16x16 = 2, // 16x16 transform
+    Tx32x32 = 3, // 32x32 transform
+    TxSizes = 4
+};
+
+enum class TxMode {
+    Only4X4 = 0,      // Only 4x4 transform used
+    Allow8X8 = 1,     // Allow block transform size up to 8x8
+    Allow16X16 = 2,   // Allow block transform size up to 16x16
+    Allow32X32 = 3,   // Allow block transform size up to 32x32
+    TxModeSelect = 4, // Transform specified for each block
+    TxModes = 5
+};
+
+struct Segmentation {
+    u8 enabled;
+    u8 update_map;
+    u8 temporal_update;
+    u8 abs_delta;
+    std::array<u32, 8> feature_mask;
+    std::array<std::array<s16, 4>, 8> feature_data;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(Segmentation) == 0x64, "Segmentation is an invalid size");
+
+struct LoopFilter {
+    u8 mode_ref_delta_enabled;
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas;
+    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas;
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(LoopFilter) == 0x7, "LoopFilter is an invalid size");
+
+struct Vp9EntropyProbs {
+    std::array<u8, 36> y_mode_prob;           ///< 0x0000
+    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob;        ///< 0x0024
+    std::array<u8, 1728> coef_probs;          ///< 0x0064
+    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob; ///< 0x0724
+    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob;       ///< 0x072C
+    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob;       ///< 0x0748
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob;        ///< 0x074C
+    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob;       ///< 0x0751
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob;          ///< 0x075B
+    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob;          ///< 0x0760
+    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob;          ///< 0x0766
+    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob;            ///< 0x076A
+    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs;             ///< 0x076C
+    std::array<u8, 3> joints;                 ///< 0x076F
+    std::array<u8, 2> sign;                   ///< 0x0772
+    std::array<u8, 20> classes;               ///< 0x0774
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0;                ///< 0x0788
+    std::array<u8, 20> prob_bits;             ///< 0x078A
+    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr;            ///< 0x079E
+    std::array<u8, 6> fr;                     ///< 0x07AA
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp;             ///< 0x07B0
+    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision;         ///< 0x07B2
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(Vp9EntropyProbs) == 0x7B4, "Vp9EntropyProbs is an invalid size");
+
+struct Vp9PictureInfo {
+    u32 bitstream_size;
+    std::array<u64, 4> frame_offsets;
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias;
+    s32 base_q_index;
+    s32 y_dc_delta_q;
+    s32 uv_dc_delta_q;
+    s32 uv_ac_delta_q;
+    s32 transform_mode;
+    s32 interp_filter;
+    s32 reference_mode;
+    s32 log2_tile_cols;
+    s32 log2_tile_rows;
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_deltas;
+    std::array<s8, 2> mode_deltas;
+    Vp9EntropyProbs entropy;
+    Vp9FrameDimensions frame_size;
+    u8 first_level;
+    u8 sharpness_level;
+    bool is_key_frame;
+    bool intra_only;
+    bool last_frame_was_key;
+    bool error_resilient_mode;
+    bool last_frame_shown;
+    bool show_frame;
+    bool lossless;
+    bool allow_high_precision_mv;
+    bool segment_enabled;
+    bool mode_ref_delta_enabled;
+};
+
+struct Vp9FrameContainer {
+    Vp9PictureInfo info{};
+    std::vector<u8> bit_stream;
+};
+
+struct PictureInfo {
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(12);       ///< 0x00
+    u32 bitstream_size;                    ///< 0x30
+    INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(5);        ///< 0x34
+    Vp9FrameDimensions last_frame_size;    ///< 0x48
+    Vp9FrameDimensions golden_frame_size;  ///< 0x50
+    Vp9FrameDimensions alt_frame_size;     ///< 0x58
+    Vp9FrameDimensions current_frame_size; ///< 0x60
+    FrameFlags vp9_flags;                  ///< 0x68
+    std::array<s8, 4> ref_frame_sign_bias; ///< 0x6C
+    u8 first_level;                        ///< 0x70
+    u8 sharpness_level;                    ///< 0x71
+    u8 base_q_index;                       ///< 0x72
+    u8 y_dc_delta_q;                       ///< 0x73
+    u8 uv_ac_delta_q;                      ///< 0x74
+    u8 uv_dc_delta_q;                      ///< 0x75
+    u8 lossless;                           ///< 0x76
+    u8 tx_mode;                            ///< 0x77
+    u8 allow_high_precision_mv;            ///< 0x78
+    u8 interp_filter;                      ///< 0x79
+    u8 reference_mode;                     ///< 0x7A
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(3);        ///< 0x7B
+    u8 log2_tile_cols;                     ///< 0x7E
+    u8 log2_tile_rows;                     ///< 0x7F
+    Segmentation segmentation;             ///< 0x80
+    LoopFilter loop_filter;                ///< 0xE4
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(21);       ///< 0xEB
+
+    [[nodiscard]] Vp9PictureInfo Convert() const {
+        return {
+            .bitstream_size = bitstream_size,
+            .frame_offsets{},
+            .ref_frame_sign_bias = ref_frame_sign_bias,
+            .base_q_index = base_q_index,
+            .y_dc_delta_q = y_dc_delta_q,
+            .uv_dc_delta_q = uv_dc_delta_q,
+            .uv_ac_delta_q = uv_ac_delta_q,
+            .transform_mode = tx_mode,
+            .interp_filter = interp_filter,
+            .reference_mode = reference_mode,
+            .log2_tile_cols = log2_tile_cols,
+            .log2_tile_rows = log2_tile_rows,
+            .ref_deltas = loop_filter.ref_deltas,
+            .mode_deltas = loop_filter.mode_deltas,
+            .entropy{},
+            .frame_size = current_frame_size,
+            .first_level = first_level,
+            .sharpness_level = sharpness_level,
+            .is_key_frame = True(vp9_flags & FrameFlags::IsKeyFrame),
+            .intra_only = True(vp9_flags & FrameFlags::IntraOnly),
+            .last_frame_was_key = True(vp9_flags & FrameFlags::LastFrameIsKeyFrame),
+            .error_resilient_mode = True(vp9_flags & FrameFlags::ErrorResilientMode),
+            .last_frame_shown = True(vp9_flags & FrameFlags::LastShowFrame),
+            .show_frame = true,
+            .lossless = lossless != 0,
+            .allow_high_precision_mv = allow_high_precision_mv != 0,
+            .segment_enabled = segmentation.enabled != 0,
+            .mode_ref_delta_enabled = loop_filter.mode_ref_delta_enabled != 0,
+        };
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(PictureInfo) == 0x100, "PictureInfo is an invalid size");
+
+struct EntropyProbs {
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(1024);                 ///< 0x0000
+    std::array<u8, 28> inter_mode_prob;                ///< 0x0400
+    std::array<u8, 4> intra_inter_prob;                ///< 0x041C
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(80);                   ///< 0x0420
+    std::array<u8, 2> tx_8x8_prob;                     ///< 0x0470
+    std::array<u8, 4> tx_16x16_prob;                   ///< 0x0472
+    std::array<u8, 6> tx_32x32_prob;                   ///< 0x0476
+    std::array<u8, 4> y_mode_prob_e8;                  ///< 0x047C
+    std::array<std::array<u8, 8>, 4> y_mode_prob_e0e7; ///< 0x0480
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(64);                   ///< 0x04A0
+    std::array<u8, 64> partition_prob;                 ///< 0x04E0
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(10);                   ///< 0x0520
+    std::array<u8, 8> switchable_interp_prob;          ///< 0x052A
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_inter_prob;                 ///< 0x0532
+    std::array<u8, 3> skip_probs;                      ///< 0x0537
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(1);                    ///< 0x053A
+    std::array<u8, 3> joints;                          ///< 0x053B
+    std::array<u8, 2> sign;                            ///< 0x053E
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0;                         ///< 0x0540
+    std::array<u8, 6> fr;                              ///< 0x0542
+    std::array<u8, 2> class_0_hp;                      ///< 0x0548
+    std::array<u8, 2> high_precision;                  ///< 0x054A
+    std::array<u8, 20> classes;                        ///< 0x054C
+    std::array<u8, 12> class_0_fr;                     ///< 0x0560
+    std::array<u8, 20> pred_bits;                      ///< 0x056C
+    std::array<u8, 10> single_ref_prob;                ///< 0x0580
+    std::array<u8, 5> comp_ref_prob;                   ///< 0x058A
+    INSERT_PADDING_BYTES_NOINIT(17);                   ///< 0x058F
+    std::array<u8, 2304> coef_probs;                   ///< 0x05A0
+
+    void Convert(Vp9EntropyProbs& fc) {
+        fc.inter_mode_prob = inter_mode_prob;
+        fc.intra_inter_prob = intra_inter_prob;
+        fc.tx_8x8_prob = tx_8x8_prob;
+        fc.tx_16x16_prob = tx_16x16_prob;
+        fc.tx_32x32_prob = tx_32x32_prob;
+
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
+            for (std::size_t j = 0; j < 9; j++) {
+                fc.y_mode_prob[j + 9 * i] = j < 8 ? y_mode_prob_e0e7[i][j] : y_mode_prob_e8[i];
+            }
+        }
+
+        fc.partition_prob = partition_prob;
+        fc.switchable_interp_prob = switchable_interp_prob;
+        fc.comp_inter_prob = comp_inter_prob;
+        fc.skip_probs = skip_probs;
+        fc.joints = joints;
+        fc.sign = sign;
+        fc.class_0 = class_0;
+        fc.fr = fr;
+        fc.class_0_hp = class_0_hp;
+        fc.high_precision = high_precision;
+        fc.classes = classes;
+        fc.class_0_fr = class_0_fr;
+        fc.prob_bits = pred_bits;
+        fc.single_ref_prob = single_ref_prob;
+        fc.comp_ref_prob = comp_ref_prob;
+
+        // Skip the 4th element as it goes unused
+        for (std::size_t i = 0; i < coef_probs.size(); i += 4) {
+            const std::size_t j = i - i / 4;
+            fc.coef_probs[j] = coef_probs[i];
+            fc.coef_probs[j + 1] = coef_probs[i + 1];
+            fc.coef_probs[j + 2] = coef_probs[i + 2];
+        }
+    }
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(EntropyProbs) == 0xEA0, "EntropyProbs is an invalid size");
+
+enum class Ref { Last, Golden, AltRef };
+
+struct RefPoolElement {
+    s64 frame{};
+    Ref ref{};
+    bool refresh{};
+};
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(Vp9EntropyProbs, field_name) == position,                               \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(partition_prob, 0x0024);
+ASSERT_POSITION(switchable_interp_prob, 0x0724);
+ASSERT_POSITION(sign, 0x0772);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0_fr, 0x079E);
+ASSERT_POSITION(high_precision, 0x07B2);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(PictureInfo, field_name) == position,                                   \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(bitstream_size, 0x30);
+ASSERT_POSITION(last_frame_size, 0x48);
+ASSERT_POSITION(first_level, 0x70);
+ASSERT_POSITION(segmentation, 0x80);
+ASSERT_POSITION(loop_filter, 0xE4);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+#define ASSERT_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                      \
+    static_assert(offsetof(EntropyProbs, field_name) == position,                                  \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_POSITION(inter_mode_prob, 0x400);
+ASSERT_POSITION(tx_8x8_prob, 0x470);
+ASSERT_POSITION(partition_prob, 0x4E0);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0, 0x540);
+ASSERT_POSITION(class_0_fr, 0x560);
+ASSERT_POSITION(coef_probs, 0x5A0);
+#undef ASSERT_POSITION
+
+}; // namespace Decoder
+}; // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/control.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/control.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b72b01aa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/control.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv3 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/control.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/host1x.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Host1x {
+
+Control::Control(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_) {}
+
+Control::~Control() = default;
+
+void Control::ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument) {
+    switch (method) {
+    case Method::LoadSyncptPayload32:
+        syncpoint_value = argument;
+        break;
+    case Method::WaitSyncpt:
+    case Method::WaitSyncpt32:
+        Execute(argument);
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Control method 0x{:X}", static_cast<u32>(method));
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void Control::Execute(u32 data) {
+    gpu.Host1x().GetSyncpointManager().WaitHost(data, syncpoint_value);
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Host1x
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/control.h b/src/video_core/host1x/control.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..04dac7d51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/control.h
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2021 yuzu emulator team and Skyline Team and Contributors
+// (https://github.com/skyline-emu/)
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later Licensed under GPLv3
+// or any later version Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+class Nvdec;
+
+class Control {
+public:
+    enum class Method : u32 {
+        WaitSyncpt = 0x8,
+        LoadSyncptPayload32 = 0x4e,
+        WaitSyncpt32 = 0x50,
+    };
+
+    explicit Control(GPU& gpu);
+    ~Control();
+
+    /// Writes the method into the state, Invoke Execute() if encountered
+    void ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument);
+
+private:
+    /// For Host1x, execute is waiting on a syncpoint previously written into the state
+    void Execute(u32 data);
+
+    u32 syncpoint_value{};
+    GPU& gpu;
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/host1x.h b/src/video_core/host1x/host1x.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2971be286
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/host1x.h
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+// Copyright 2022 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv3 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+#include "video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+class Host1x {
+public:
+    Host1x() : syncpoint_manager{} {}
+
+    SyncpointManager& GetSyncpointManager() {
+        return syncpoint_manager;
+    }
+
+    const SyncpointManager& GetSyncpointManager() const {
+        return syncpoint_manager;
+    }
+
+private:
+    SyncpointManager syncpoint_manager;
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5f6decd0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Host1x {
+
+#define NVDEC_REG_INDEX(field_name)                                                                \
+    (offsetof(NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters, field_name) / sizeof(u64))
+
+Nvdec::Nvdec(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_), state{}, codec(std::make_unique<Codec>(gpu, state)) {}
+
+Nvdec::~Nvdec() = default;
+
+void Nvdec::ProcessMethod(u32 method, u32 argument) {
+    state.reg_array[method] = static_cast<u64>(argument) << 8;
+
+    switch (method) {
+    case NVDEC_REG_INDEX(set_codec_id):
+        codec->SetTargetCodec(static_cast<NvdecCommon::VideoCodec>(argument));
+        break;
+    case NVDEC_REG_INDEX(execute):
+        Execute();
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+AVFramePtr Nvdec::GetFrame() {
+    return codec->GetCurrentFrame();
+}
+
+void Nvdec::Execute() {
+    switch (codec->GetCurrentCodec()) {
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::H264:
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP8:
+    case NvdecCommon::VideoCodec::VP9:
+        codec->Decode();
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Codec {}", codec->GetCurrentCodecName());
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Host1x
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.h b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..41ba1f7a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/codecs/codec.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+class Nvdec {
+public:
+    explicit Nvdec(GPU& gpu);
+    ~Nvdec();
+
+    /// Writes the method into the state, Invoke Execute() if encountered
+    void ProcessMethod(u32 method, u32 argument);
+
+    /// Return most recently decoded frame
+    [[nodiscard]] AVFramePtr GetFrame();
+
+private:
+    /// Invoke codec to decode a frame
+    void Execute();
+
+    GPU& gpu;
+    NvdecCommon::NvdecRegisters state;
+    std::unique_ptr<Codec> codec;
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49d67ebbe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/nvdec_common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/common_funcs.h"
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Tegra::Host1x::NvdecCommon {
+
+enum class VideoCodec : u64 {
+    None = 0x0,
+    H264 = 0x3,
+    VP8 = 0x5,
+    H265 = 0x7,
+    VP9 = 0x9,
+};
+
+// NVDEC should use a 32-bit address space, but is mapped to 64-bit,
+// doubling the sizes here is compensating for that.
+struct NvdecRegisters {
+    static constexpr std::size_t NUM_REGS = 0x178;
+
+    union {
+        struct {
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(256); ///< 0x0000
+            VideoCodec set_codec_id;          ///< 0x0400
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(126); ///< 0x0408
+            u64 execute;                      ///< 0x0600
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(126); ///< 0x0608
+            struct {                          ///< 0x0800
+                union {
+                    BitField<0, 3, VideoCodec> codec;
+                    BitField<4, 1, u64> gp_timer_on;
+                    BitField<13, 1, u64> mb_timer_on;
+                    BitField<14, 1, u64> intra_frame_pslc;
+                    BitField<17, 1, u64> all_intra_frame;
+                };
+            } control_params;
+            u64 picture_info_offset;                   ///< 0x0808
+            u64 frame_bitstream_offset;                ///< 0x0810
+            u64 frame_number;                          ///< 0x0818
+            u64 h264_slice_data_offsets;               ///< 0x0820
+            u64 h264_mv_dump_offset;                   ///< 0x0828
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(6);            ///< 0x0830
+            u64 frame_stats_offset;                    ///< 0x0848
+            u64 h264_last_surface_luma_offset;         ///< 0x0850
+            u64 h264_last_surface_chroma_offset;       ///< 0x0858
+            std::array<u64, 17> surface_luma_offset;   ///< 0x0860
+            std::array<u64, 17> surface_chroma_offset; ///< 0x08E8
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(68);           ///< 0x0970
+            u64 vp8_prob_data_offset;                  ///< 0x0A80
+            u64 vp8_header_partition_buf_offset;       ///< 0x0A88
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(60);           ///< 0x0A90
+            u64 vp9_entropy_probs_offset;              ///< 0x0B80
+            u64 vp9_backward_updates_offset;           ///< 0x0B88
+            u64 vp9_last_frame_segmap_offset;          ///< 0x0B90
+            u64 vp9_curr_frame_segmap_offset;          ///< 0x0B98
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(2);            ///< 0x0BA0
+            u64 vp9_last_frame_mvs_offset;             ///< 0x0BA8
+            u64 vp9_curr_frame_mvs_offset;             ///< 0x0BB0
+            INSERT_PADDING_WORDS_NOINIT(2);            ///< 0x0BB8
+        };
+        std::array<u64, NUM_REGS> reg_array;
+    };
+};
+static_assert(sizeof(NvdecRegisters) == (0xBC0), "NvdecRegisters is incorrect size");
+
+#define ASSERT_REG_POSITION(field_name, position)                                                  \
+    static_assert(offsetof(NvdecRegisters, field_name) == position * sizeof(u64),                  \
+                  "Field " #field_name " has invalid position")
+
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(set_codec_id, 0x80);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(execute, 0xC0);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(control_params, 0x100);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(picture_info_offset, 0x101);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_bitstream_offset, 0x102);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_number, 0x103);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_slice_data_offsets, 0x104);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(frame_stats_offset, 0x109);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_last_surface_luma_offset, 0x10A);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(h264_last_surface_chroma_offset, 0x10B);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(surface_luma_offset, 0x10C);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(surface_chroma_offset, 0x11D);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp8_prob_data_offset, 0x150);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp8_header_partition_buf_offset, 0x151);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_entropy_probs_offset, 0x170);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_backward_updates_offset, 0x171);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_last_frame_segmap_offset, 0x172);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_curr_frame_segmap_offset, 0x173);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_last_frame_mvs_offset, 0x175);
+ASSERT_REG_POSITION(vp9_curr_frame_mvs_offset, 0x176);
+
+#undef ASSERT_REG_POSITION
+
+} // namespace Tegra::Host1x::NvdecCommon
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8694f77e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Ryujinx Team and Contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include "sync_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/host1x.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+namespace Host1x {
+
+SyncptIncrManager::SyncptIncrManager(GPU& gpu_) : gpu(gpu_) {}
+SyncptIncrManager::~SyncptIncrManager() = default;
+
+void SyncptIncrManager::Increment(u32 id) {
+    increments.emplace_back(0, 0, id, true);
+    IncrementAllDone();
+}
+
+u32 SyncptIncrManager::IncrementWhenDone(u32 class_id, u32 id) {
+    const u32 handle = current_id++;
+    increments.emplace_back(handle, class_id, id);
+    return handle;
+}
+
+void SyncptIncrManager::SignalDone(u32 handle) {
+    const auto done_incr =
+        std::find_if(increments.begin(), increments.end(),
+                     [handle](const SyncptIncr& incr) { return incr.id == handle; });
+    if (done_incr != increments.cend()) {
+        done_incr->complete = true;
+    }
+    IncrementAllDone();
+}
+
+void SyncptIncrManager::IncrementAllDone() {
+    std::size_t done_count = 0;
+    for (; done_count < increments.size(); ++done_count) {
+        if (!increments[done_count].complete) {
+            break;
+        }
+        auto& syncpoint_manager = gpu.Host1x().GetSyncpointManager();
+        syncpoint_manager.IncrementGuest(increments[done_count].syncpt_id);
+        syncpoint_manager.IncrementHost(increments[done_count].syncpt_id);
+    }
+    increments.erase(increments.begin(), increments.begin() + done_count);
+}
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.h b/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aba72d5c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/sync_manager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Ryujinx Team and Contributors
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: MIT
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <mutex>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+
+class GPU;
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+struct SyncptIncr {
+    u32 id;
+    u32 class_id;
+    u32 syncpt_id;
+    bool complete;
+
+    SyncptIncr(u32 id_, u32 class_id_, u32 syncpt_id_, bool done = false)
+        : id(id_), class_id(class_id_), syncpt_id(syncpt_id_), complete(done) {}
+};
+
+class SyncptIncrManager {
+public:
+    explicit SyncptIncrManager(GPU& gpu);
+    ~SyncptIncrManager();
+
+    /// Add syncpoint id and increment all
+    void Increment(u32 id);
+
+    /// Returns a handle to increment later
+    u32 IncrementWhenDone(u32 class_id, u32 id);
+
+    /// IncrememntAllDone, including handle
+    void SignalDone(u32 handle);
+
+    /// Increment all sequential pending increments that are already done.
+    void IncrementAllDone();
+
+private:
+    std::vector<SyncptIncr> increments;
+    std::mutex increment_lock;
+    u32 current_id{};
+
+    GPU& gpu;
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c606b8bd0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv3 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#include "video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+SyncpointManager::ActionHandle SyncpointManager::RegisterAction(
+    std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, u32 expected_value,
+    std::function<void(void)>& action) {
+    if (syncpoint.load(std::memory_order_acquire) >= expected_value) {
+        action();
+        return {};
+    }
+
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(guard);
+    if (syncpoint.load(std::memory_order_relaxed) >= expected_value) {
+        action();
+        return {};
+    }
+    auto it = action_storage.begin();
+    while (it != action_storage.end()) {
+        if (it->expected_value >= expected_value) {
+            break;
+        }
+        ++it;
+    }
+    return action_storage.emplace(it, expected_value, action);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage,
+                                        ActionHandle& handle) {
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(guard);
+    action_storage.erase(handle);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle) {
+    DeregisterAction(guest_action_storage[syncpoint_id], handle);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, ActionHandle& handle) {
+    DeregisterAction(host_action_storage[syncpoint_id], handle);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::IncrementGuest(u32 syncpoint_id) {
+    Increment(syncpoints_guest[syncpoint_id], wait_guest_cv, guest_action_storage[syncpoint_id]);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::IncrementHost(u32 syncpoint_id) {
+    Increment(syncpoints_host[syncpoint_id], wait_host_cv, host_action_storage[syncpoint_id]);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::WaitGuest(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value) {
+    Wait(syncpoints_guest[syncpoint_id], wait_guest_cv, expected_value);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::WaitHost(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value) {
+    Wait(syncpoints_host[syncpoint_id], wait_host_cv, expected_value);
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::Increment(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::condition_variable& wait_cv,
+                                 std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage) {
+    auto new_value{syncpoint.fetch_add(1, std::memory_order_acq_rel) + 1};
+
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(guard);
+    auto it = action_storage.begin();
+    while (it != action_storage.end()) {
+        if (it->expected_value > new_value) {
+            break;
+        }
+        it->action();
+        it = action_storage.erase(it);
+    }
+    wait_cv.notify_all();
+}
+
+void SyncpointManager::Wait(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::condition_variable& wait_cv,
+                            u32 expected_value) {
+    const auto pred = [&]() { return syncpoint.load(std::memory_order_acquire) >= expected_value; };
+    if (pred()) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    std::unique_lock<std::mutex> lk(guard);
+    wait_cv.wait(lk, pred);
+}
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0ecc040ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/syncpoint_manager.h
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+// Copyright 2021 yuzu Emulator Project
+// Licensed under GPLv3 or any later version
+// Refer to the license.txt file included.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <array>
+#include <atomic>
+#include <condition_variable>
+#include <functional>
+#include <list>
+#include <mutex>
+
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+class SyncpointManager {
+public:
+    u32 GetGuestSyncpointValue(u32 id) {
+        return syncpoints_guest[id].load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    }
+
+    u32 GetHostSyncpointValue(u32 id) {
+        return syncpoints_host[id].load(std::memory_order_acquire);
+    }
+
+    struct RegisteredAction {
+        RegisteredAction(u32 expected_value_, std::function<void(void)>& action_)
+            : expected_value{expected_value_}, action{action_} {}
+        u32 expected_value;
+        std::function<void(void)> action;
+    };
+    using ActionHandle = std::list<RegisteredAction>::iterator;
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    ActionHandle RegisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value, Func&& action) {
+        std::function<void(void)> func(action);
+        return RegisterAction(syncpoints_guest[syncpoint_id], guest_action_storage[syncpoint_id],
+                              expected_value, func);
+    }
+
+    template <typename Func>
+    ActionHandle RegisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value, Func&& action) {
+        std::function<void(void)> func(action);
+        return RegisterAction(syncpoints_host[syncpoint_id], host_action_storage[syncpoint_id],
+                              expected_value, func);
+    }
+
+    void DeregisterGuestAction(u32 syncpoint_id,ActionHandle& handle);
+
+    void DeregisterHostAction(u32 syncpoint_id,ActionHandle& handle);
+
+    void IncrementGuest(u32 syncpoint_id);
+
+    void IncrementHost(u32 syncpoint_id);
+
+    void WaitGuest(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value);
+
+    void WaitHost(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value);
+
+    bool IsReadyGuest(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value) {
+        return syncpoints_guest[syncpoint_id].load(std::memory_order_acquire) >= expected_value;
+    }
+
+    bool IsReadyHost(u32 syncpoint_id, u32 expected_value) {
+        return syncpoints_host[syncpoint_id].load(std::memory_order_acquire) >= expected_value;
+    }
+
+private:
+    void Increment(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::condition_variable& wait_cv,
+                   std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage);
+
+    ActionHandle RegisterAction(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint,
+                                std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, u32 expected_value,
+                                std::function<void(void)>& action);
+
+    void DeregisterAction(std::list<RegisteredAction>& action_storage, ActionHandle& handle);
+
+    void Wait(std::atomic<u32>& syncpoint, std::condition_variable& wait_cv, u32 expected_value);
+
+    static constexpr size_t NUM_MAX_SYNCPOINTS = 192;
+
+    std::array<std::atomic<u32>, NUM_MAX_SYNCPOINTS> syncpoints_guest{};
+    std::array<std::atomic<u32>, NUM_MAX_SYNCPOINTS> syncpoints_host{};
+
+    std::array<std::list<RegisteredAction>, NUM_MAX_SYNCPOINTS> guest_action_storage;
+    std::array<std::list<RegisteredAction>, NUM_MAX_SYNCPOINTS> host_action_storage;
+
+    std::mutex guard;
+    std::condition_variable wait_guest_cv;
+    std::condition_variable wait_host_cv;
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/vic.cpp b/src/video_core/host1x/vic.cpp
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..a9422670a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/vic.cpp
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#include <array>
+
+extern "C" {
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic push
+#pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wconversion"
+#endif
+#include <libswscale/swscale.h>
+#if defined(__GNUC__) || defined(__clang__)
+#pragma GCC diagnostic pop
+#endif
+}
+
+#include "common/assert.h"
+#include "common/bit_field.h"
+#include "common/logging/log.h"
+
+#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
+#include "video_core/gpu.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/nvdec.h"
+#include "video_core/host1x/vic.h"
+#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
+#include "video_core/textures/decoders.h"
+
+namespace Tegra {
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+namespace {
+enum class VideoPixelFormat : u64_le {
+    RGBA8 = 0x1f,
+    BGRA8 = 0x20,
+    RGBX8 = 0x23,
+    YUV420 = 0x44,
+};
+} // Anonymous namespace
+
+union VicConfig {
+    u64_le raw{};
+    BitField<0, 7, VideoPixelFormat> pixel_format;
+    BitField<7, 2, u64_le> chroma_loc_horiz;
+    BitField<9, 2, u64_le> chroma_loc_vert;
+    BitField<11, 4, u64_le> block_linear_kind;
+    BitField<15, 4, u64_le> block_linear_height_log2;
+    BitField<32, 14, u64_le> surface_width_minus1;
+    BitField<46, 14, u64_le> surface_height_minus1;
+};
+
+Vic::Vic(GPU& gpu_, std::shared_ptr<Nvdec> nvdec_processor_)
+    : gpu(gpu_),
+      nvdec_processor(std::move(nvdec_processor_)), converted_frame_buffer{nullptr, av_free} {}
+
+Vic::~Vic() = default;
+
+void Vic::ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument) {
+    LOG_DEBUG(HW_GPU, "Vic method 0x{:X}", static_cast<u32>(method));
+    const u64 arg = static_cast<u64>(argument) << 8;
+    switch (method) {
+    case Method::Execute:
+        Execute();
+        break;
+    case Method::SetConfigStructOffset:
+        config_struct_address = arg;
+        break;
+    case Method::SetOutputSurfaceLumaOffset:
+        output_surface_luma_address = arg;
+        break;
+    case Method::SetOutputSurfaceChromaOffset:
+        output_surface_chroma_address = arg;
+        break;
+    default:
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void Vic::Execute() {
+    if (output_surface_luma_address == 0) {
+        LOG_ERROR(Service_NVDRV, "VIC Luma address not set.");
+        return;
+    }
+    const VicConfig config{gpu.MemoryManager().Read<u64>(config_struct_address + 0x20)};
+    const AVFramePtr frame_ptr = nvdec_processor->GetFrame();
+    const auto* frame = frame_ptr.get();
+    if (!frame) {
+        return;
+    }
+    const u64 surface_width = config.surface_width_minus1 + 1;
+    const u64 surface_height = config.surface_height_minus1 + 1;
+    if (static_cast<u64>(frame->width) != surface_width ||
+        static_cast<u64>(frame->height) != surface_height) {
+        // TODO: Properly support multiple video streams with differing frame dimensions
+        LOG_WARNING(Service_NVDRV, "Frame dimensions {}x{} don't match surface dimensions {}x{}",
+                    frame->width, frame->height, surface_width, surface_height);
+    }
+    switch (config.pixel_format) {
+    case VideoPixelFormat::RGBA8:
+    case VideoPixelFormat::BGRA8:
+    case VideoPixelFormat::RGBX8:
+        WriteRGBFrame(frame, config);
+        break;
+    case VideoPixelFormat::YUV420:
+        WriteYUVFrame(frame, config);
+        break;
+    default:
+        UNIMPLEMENTED_MSG("Unknown video pixel format {:X}", config.pixel_format.Value());
+        break;
+    }
+}
+
+void Vic::WriteRGBFrame(const AVFrame* frame, const VicConfig& config) {
+    LOG_TRACE(Service_NVDRV, "Writing RGB Frame");
+
+    if (!scaler_ctx || frame->width != scaler_width || frame->height != scaler_height) {
+        const AVPixelFormat target_format = [pixel_format = config.pixel_format]() {
+            switch (pixel_format) {
+            case VideoPixelFormat::RGBA8:
+                return AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA;
+            case VideoPixelFormat::BGRA8:
+                return AV_PIX_FMT_BGRA;
+            case VideoPixelFormat::RGBX8:
+                return AV_PIX_FMT_RGB0;
+            default:
+                return AV_PIX_FMT_RGBA;
+            }
+        }();
+
+        sws_freeContext(scaler_ctx);
+        // Frames are decoded into either YUV420 or NV12 formats. Convert to desired RGB format
+        scaler_ctx = sws_getContext(frame->width, frame->height,
+                                    static_cast<AVPixelFormat>(frame->format), frame->width,
+                                    frame->height, target_format, 0, nullptr, nullptr, nullptr);
+        scaler_width = frame->width;
+        scaler_height = frame->height;
+        converted_frame_buffer.reset();
+    }
+    if (!converted_frame_buffer) {
+        const size_t frame_size = frame->width * frame->height * 4;
+        converted_frame_buffer = AVMallocPtr{static_cast<u8*>(av_malloc(frame_size)), av_free};
+    }
+    const std::array<int, 4> converted_stride{frame->width * 4, frame->height * 4, 0, 0};
+    u8* const converted_frame_buf_addr{converted_frame_buffer.get()};
+    sws_scale(scaler_ctx, frame->data, frame->linesize, 0, frame->height, &converted_frame_buf_addr,
+              converted_stride.data());
+
+    // Use the minimum of surface/frame dimensions to avoid buffer overflow.
+    const u32 surface_width = static_cast<u32>(config.surface_width_minus1) + 1;
+    const u32 surface_height = static_cast<u32>(config.surface_height_minus1) + 1;
+    const u32 width = std::min(surface_width, static_cast<u32>(frame->width));
+    const u32 height = std::min(surface_height, static_cast<u32>(frame->height));
+    const u32 blk_kind = static_cast<u32>(config.block_linear_kind);
+    if (blk_kind != 0) {
+        // swizzle pitch linear to block linear
+        const u32 block_height = static_cast<u32>(config.block_linear_height_log2);
+        const auto size = Texture::CalculateSize(true, 4, width, height, 1, block_height, 0);
+        luma_buffer.resize(size);
+        Texture::SwizzleSubrect(width, height, width * 4, width, 4, luma_buffer.data(),
+                                converted_frame_buf_addr, block_height, 0, 0);
+
+        gpu.MemoryManager().WriteBlock(output_surface_luma_address, luma_buffer.data(), size);
+    } else {
+        // send pitch linear frame
+        const size_t linear_size = width * height * 4;
+        gpu.MemoryManager().WriteBlock(output_surface_luma_address, converted_frame_buf_addr,
+                                       linear_size);
+    }
+}
+
+void Vic::WriteYUVFrame(const AVFrame* frame, const VicConfig& config) {
+    LOG_TRACE(Service_NVDRV, "Writing YUV420 Frame");
+
+    const std::size_t surface_width = config.surface_width_minus1 + 1;
+    const std::size_t surface_height = config.surface_height_minus1 + 1;
+    const std::size_t aligned_width = (surface_width + 0xff) & ~0xffUL;
+    // Use the minimum of surface/frame dimensions to avoid buffer overflow.
+    const auto frame_width = std::min(surface_width, static_cast<size_t>(frame->width));
+    const auto frame_height = std::min(surface_height, static_cast<size_t>(frame->height));
+
+    const auto stride = static_cast<size_t>(frame->linesize[0]);
+
+    luma_buffer.resize(aligned_width * surface_height);
+    chroma_buffer.resize(aligned_width * surface_height / 2);
+
+    // Populate luma buffer
+    const u8* luma_src = frame->data[0];
+    for (std::size_t y = 0; y < frame_height; ++y) {
+        const std::size_t src = y * stride;
+        const std::size_t dst = y * aligned_width;
+        for (std::size_t x = 0; x < frame_width; ++x) {
+            luma_buffer[dst + x] = luma_src[src + x];
+        }
+    }
+    gpu.MemoryManager().WriteBlock(output_surface_luma_address, luma_buffer.data(),
+                                   luma_buffer.size());
+
+    // Chroma
+    const std::size_t half_height = frame_height / 2;
+    const auto half_stride = static_cast<size_t>(frame->linesize[1]);
+
+    switch (frame->format) {
+    case AV_PIX_FMT_YUV420P: {
+        // Frame from FFmpeg software
+        // Populate chroma buffer from both channels with interleaving.
+        const std::size_t half_width = frame_width / 2;
+        const u8* chroma_b_src = frame->data[1];
+        const u8* chroma_r_src = frame->data[2];
+        for (std::size_t y = 0; y < half_height; ++y) {
+            const std::size_t src = y * half_stride;
+            const std::size_t dst = y * aligned_width;
+
+            for (std::size_t x = 0; x < half_width; ++x) {
+                chroma_buffer[dst + x * 2] = chroma_b_src[src + x];
+                chroma_buffer[dst + x * 2 + 1] = chroma_r_src[src + x];
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    case AV_PIX_FMT_NV12: {
+        // Frame from VA-API hardware
+        // This is already interleaved so just copy
+        const u8* chroma_src = frame->data[1];
+        for (std::size_t y = 0; y < half_height; ++y) {
+            const std::size_t src = y * stride;
+            const std::size_t dst = y * aligned_width;
+            for (std::size_t x = 0; x < frame_width; ++x) {
+                chroma_buffer[dst + x] = chroma_src[src + x];
+            }
+        }
+        break;
+    }
+    default:
+        ASSERT(false);
+        break;
+    }
+    gpu.MemoryManager().WriteBlock(output_surface_chroma_address, chroma_buffer.data(),
+                                   chroma_buffer.size());
+}
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra
diff --git a/src/video_core/host1x/vic.h b/src/video_core/host1x/vic.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..c51f8af7e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/video_core/host1x/vic.h
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+// SPDX-FileCopyrightText: Copyright 2020 yuzu Emulator Project
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include <memory>
+#include <vector>
+#include "common/common_types.h"
+
+struct SwsContext;
+
+namespace Tegra {
+class GPU;
+
+namespace Host1x {
+
+class Nvdec;
+union VicConfig;
+
+class Vic {
+public:
+    enum class Method : u32 {
+        Execute = 0xc0,
+        SetControlParams = 0x1c1,
+        SetConfigStructOffset = 0x1c2,
+        SetOutputSurfaceLumaOffset = 0x1c8,
+        SetOutputSurfaceChromaOffset = 0x1c9,
+        SetOutputSurfaceChromaUnusedOffset = 0x1ca
+    };
+
+    explicit Vic(GPU& gpu, std::shared_ptr<Nvdec> nvdec_processor);
+
+    ~Vic();
+
+    /// Write to the device state.
+    void ProcessMethod(Method method, u32 argument);
+
+private:
+    void Execute();
+
+    void WriteRGBFrame(const AVFrame* frame, const VicConfig& config);
+
+    void WriteYUVFrame(const AVFrame* frame, const VicConfig& config);
+
+    GPU& gpu;
+    std::shared_ptr<Tegra::Host1x::Nvdec> nvdec_processor;
+
+    /// Avoid reallocation of the following buffers every frame, as their
+    /// size does not change during a stream
+    using AVMallocPtr = std::unique_ptr<u8, decltype(&av_free)>;
+    AVMallocPtr converted_frame_buffer;
+    std::vector<u8> luma_buffer;
+    std::vector<u8> chroma_buffer;
+
+    GPUVAddr config_struct_address{};
+    GPUVAddr output_surface_luma_address{};
+    GPUVAddr output_surface_chroma_address{};
+
+    SwsContext* scaler_ctx{};
+    s32 scaler_width{};
+    s32 scaler_height{};
+};
+
+} // namespace Host1x
+
+} // namespace Tegra