summaryrefslogtreecommitdiffstats
path: root/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
diff options
context:
space:
mode:
Diffstat (limited to 'src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp')
-rw-r--r--src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp290
1 files changed, 242 insertions, 48 deletions
diff --git a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
index 0bb5c068c..c28ae795c 100644
--- a/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
+++ b/src/video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.cpp
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
#include <algorithm>
#include <array>
+#include <bitset>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <string_view>
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@
#include "core/core.h"
#include "core/hle/kernel/process.h"
#include "core/settings.h"
+#include "video_core/engines/kepler_compute.h"
#include "video_core/engines/maxwell_3d.h"
#include "video_core/memory_manager.h"
#include "video_core/renderer_opengl/gl_rasterizer.h"
@@ -105,6 +107,7 @@ RasterizerOpenGL::RasterizerOpenGL(Core::System& system, Core::Frontend::EmuWind
shader_program_manager = std::make_unique<GLShader::ProgramManager>();
state.draw.shader_program = 0;
state.Apply();
+ clear_framebuffer.Create();
LOG_DEBUG(Render_OpenGL, "Sync fixed function OpenGL state here");
CheckExtensions();
@@ -124,10 +127,10 @@ GLuint RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexFormat() {
auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
- if (!gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_attrib_format) {
+ if (!gpu.dirty.vertex_attrib_format) {
return state.draw.vertex_array;
}
- gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_attrib_format = false;
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_attrib_format = false;
MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_VAO);
@@ -181,7 +184,7 @@ GLuint RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexFormat() {
}
// Rebinding the VAO invalidates the vertex buffer bindings.
- gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.set();
+ gpu.dirty.ResetVertexArrays();
state.draw.vertex_array = vao_entry.handle;
return vao_entry.handle;
@@ -189,17 +192,20 @@ GLuint RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexFormat() {
void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexBuffer(GLuint vao) {
auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
- const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
-
- if (gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.none())
+ if (!gpu.dirty.vertex_array_buffers)
return;
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_array_buffers = false;
+
+ const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_VB);
// Upload all guest vertex arrays sequentially to our buffer
for (u32 index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumVertexArrays; ++index) {
- if (!gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array[index])
+ if (!gpu.dirty.vertex_array[index])
continue;
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_array[index] = false;
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_instance[index] = false;
const auto& vertex_array = regs.vertex_array[index];
if (!vertex_array.IsEnabled())
@@ -224,8 +230,32 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexBuffer(GLuint vao) {
glVertexArrayBindingDivisor(vao, index, 0);
}
}
+}
+
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupVertexInstances(GLuint vao) {
+ auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+
+ if (!gpu.dirty.vertex_instances)
+ return;
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_instances = false;
+
+ const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
+ // Upload all guest vertex arrays sequentially to our buffer
+ for (u32 index = 0; index < Maxwell::NumVertexArrays; ++index) {
+ if (!gpu.dirty.vertex_instance[index])
+ continue;
+
+ gpu.dirty.vertex_instance[index] = false;
- gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.reset();
+ if (regs.instanced_arrays.IsInstancingEnabled(index) &&
+ regs.vertex_array[index].divisor != 0) {
+ // Enable vertex buffer instancing with the specified divisor.
+ glVertexArrayBindingDivisor(vao, index, regs.vertex_array[index].divisor);
+ } else {
+ // Disable the vertex buffer instancing.
+ glVertexArrayBindingDivisor(vao, index, 0);
+ }
+ }
}
GLintptr RasterizerOpenGL::SetupIndexBuffer() {
@@ -298,9 +328,9 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
Shader shader{shader_cache.GetStageProgram(program)};
- const auto stage_enum{static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(stage)};
+ const auto stage_enum = static_cast<Maxwell::ShaderStage>(stage);
SetupDrawConstBuffers(stage_enum, shader);
- SetupGlobalRegions(stage_enum, shader);
+ SetupDrawGlobalMemory(stage_enum, shader);
const auto texture_buffer_usage{SetupTextures(stage_enum, shader, base_bindings)};
const ProgramVariant variant{base_bindings, primitive_mode, texture_buffer_usage};
@@ -341,7 +371,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupShaders(GLenum primitive_mode) {
SyncClipEnabled(clip_distances);
- gpu.dirty_flags.shaders = false;
+ gpu.dirty.shaders = false;
}
std::size_t RasterizerOpenGL::CalculateVertexArraysSize() const {
@@ -424,13 +454,13 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
const FramebufferConfigState fb_config_state{using_color_fb, using_depth_fb, preserve_contents,
single_color_target};
- if (fb_config_state == current_framebuffer_config_state &&
- gpu.dirty_flags.color_buffer.none() && !gpu.dirty_flags.zeta_buffer) {
+ if (fb_config_state == current_framebuffer_config_state && !gpu.dirty.render_settings) {
// Only skip if the previous ConfigureFramebuffers call was from the same kind (multiple or
// single color targets). This is done because the guest registers may not change but the
// host framebuffer may contain different attachments
return current_depth_stencil_usage;
}
+ gpu.dirty.render_settings = false;
current_framebuffer_config_state = fb_config_state;
texture_cache.GuardRenderTargets(true);
@@ -519,13 +549,71 @@ std::pair<bool, bool> RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureFramebuffers(
return current_depth_stencil_usage = {static_cast<bool>(depth_surface), fbkey.stencil_enable};
}
+void RasterizerOpenGL::ConfigureClearFramebuffer(OpenGLState& current_state, bool using_color_fb,
+ bool using_depth_fb, bool using_stencil_fb) {
+ auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+ const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
+
+ texture_cache.GuardRenderTargets(true);
+ View color_surface{};
+ if (using_color_fb) {
+ color_surface = texture_cache.GetColorBufferSurface(regs.clear_buffers.RT, false);
+ }
+ View depth_surface{};
+ if (using_depth_fb || using_stencil_fb) {
+ depth_surface = texture_cache.GetDepthBufferSurface(false);
+ }
+ texture_cache.GuardRenderTargets(false);
+
+ current_state.draw.draw_framebuffer = clear_framebuffer.handle;
+ current_state.ApplyFramebufferState();
+
+ if (color_surface) {
+ color_surface->Attach(GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+ } else {
+ glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+ }
+
+ if (depth_surface) {
+ const auto& params = depth_surface->GetSurfaceParams();
+ switch (params.type) {
+ case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType::Depth: {
+ depth_surface->Attach(GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+ glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, 0);
+ break;
+ }
+ case VideoCore::Surface::SurfaceType::DepthStencil: {
+ depth_surface->Attach(GL_DEPTH_ATTACHMENT, GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER);
+ break;
+ }
+ default: { UNIMPLEMENTED(); }
+ }
+ } else {
+ glFramebufferTexture2D(GL_DRAW_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT, GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,
+ 0);
+ }
+}
+
void RasterizerOpenGL::Clear() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+ const auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+
+ if (!maxwell3d.ShouldExecute()) {
+ return;
+ }
+
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
bool use_color{};
bool use_depth{};
bool use_stencil{};
- OpenGLState clear_state;
+ OpenGLState prev_state{OpenGLState::GetCurState()};
+ SCOPE_EXIT({
+ prev_state.AllDirty();
+ prev_state.Apply();
+ });
+
+ OpenGLState clear_state{OpenGLState::GetCurState()};
+ clear_state.SetDefaultViewports();
if (regs.clear_buffers.R || regs.clear_buffers.G || regs.clear_buffers.B ||
regs.clear_buffers.A) {
use_color = true;
@@ -545,6 +633,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::Clear() {
// true.
clear_state.depth.test_enabled = true;
clear_state.depth.test_func = GL_ALWAYS;
+ clear_state.depth.write_mask = GL_TRUE;
}
if (regs.clear_buffers.S) {
ASSERT_MSG(regs.zeta_enable != 0, "Tried to clear stencil but buffer is not enabled!");
@@ -581,8 +670,9 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::Clear() {
return;
}
- const auto [clear_depth, clear_stencil] = ConfigureFramebuffers(
- clear_state, use_color, use_depth || use_stencil, false, regs.clear_buffers.RT.Value());
+ ConfigureClearFramebuffer(clear_state, use_color, use_depth, use_stencil);
+
+ SyncViewport(clear_state);
if (regs.clear_flags.scissor) {
SyncScissorTest(clear_state);
}
@@ -591,21 +681,18 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::Clear() {
clear_state.EmulateViewportWithScissor();
}
- clear_state.ApplyColorMask();
- clear_state.ApplyDepth();
- clear_state.ApplyStencilTest();
- clear_state.ApplyViewport();
- clear_state.ApplyFramebufferState();
+ clear_state.AllDirty();
+ clear_state.Apply();
if (use_color) {
- glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, regs.clear_buffers.RT, regs.clear_color);
+ glClearBufferfv(GL_COLOR, 0, regs.clear_color);
}
- if (clear_depth && clear_stencil) {
+ if (use_depth && use_stencil) {
glClearBufferfi(GL_DEPTH_STENCIL, 0, regs.clear_depth, regs.clear_stencil);
- } else if (clear_depth) {
+ } else if (use_depth) {
glClearBufferfv(GL_DEPTH, 0, &regs.clear_depth);
- } else if (clear_stencil) {
+ } else if (use_stencil) {
glClearBufferiv(GL_STENCIL, 0, &regs.clear_stencil);
}
}
@@ -616,6 +703,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Drawing);
auto& gpu = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+
+ if (!gpu.ShouldExecute()) {
+ return;
+ }
+
const auto& regs = gpu.regs;
SyncColorMask();
@@ -661,6 +753,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
// Upload vertex and index data.
SetupVertexBuffer(vao);
+ SetupVertexInstances(vao);
const GLintptr index_buffer_offset = SetupIndexBuffer();
// Setup draw parameters. It will automatically choose what glDraw* method to use.
@@ -687,7 +780,7 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
if (invalidate) {
// As all cached buffers are invalidated, we need to recheck their state.
- gpu.dirty_flags.vertex_array.set();
+ gpu.dirty.ResetVertexArrays();
}
shader_program_manager->ApplyTo(state);
@@ -700,6 +793,46 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::DrawArrays() {
params.DispatchDraw();
accelerate_draw = AccelDraw::Disabled;
+ gpu.dirty.memory_general = false;
+}
+
+void RasterizerOpenGL::DispatchCompute(GPUVAddr code_addr) {
+ if (!GLAD_GL_ARB_compute_variable_group_size) {
+ LOG_ERROR(Render_OpenGL, "Compute is currently not supported on this device due to the "
+ "lack of GL_ARB_compute_variable_group_size");
+ return;
+ }
+
+ auto kernel = shader_cache.GetComputeKernel(code_addr);
+ const auto [program, next_bindings] = kernel->GetProgramHandle({});
+ state.draw.shader_program = program;
+ state.draw.program_pipeline = 0;
+
+ const std::size_t buffer_size =
+ Tegra::Engines::KeplerCompute::NumConstBuffers *
+ (Maxwell::MaxConstBufferSize + device.GetUniformBufferAlignment());
+ buffer_cache.Map(buffer_size);
+
+ bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Setup(0);
+ bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Setup(0);
+
+ SetupComputeConstBuffers(kernel);
+ SetupComputeGlobalMemory(kernel);
+
+ // TODO(Rodrigo): Bind images and samplers
+
+ buffer_cache.Unmap();
+
+ bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Bind();
+ bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Bind();
+
+ state.ApplyShaderProgram();
+ state.ApplyProgramPipeline();
+
+ const auto& launch_desc = system.GPU().KeplerCompute().launch_description;
+ glDispatchComputeGroupSizeARB(launch_desc.grid_dim_x, launch_desc.grid_dim_y,
+ launch_desc.grid_dim_z, launch_desc.block_dim_x,
+ launch_desc.block_dim_y, launch_desc.block_dim_z);
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::FlushAll() {}
@@ -775,12 +908,25 @@ bool RasterizerOpenGL::AccelerateDisplay(const Tegra::FramebufferConfig& config,
void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDrawConstBuffers(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
const Shader& shader) {
MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_UBO);
- const auto stage_index = static_cast<std::size_t>(stage);
- const auto& shader_stage = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages[stage_index];
-
- // Upload only the enabled buffers from the 16 constbuffers of each shader stage
+ const auto& stages = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages;
+ const auto& shader_stage = stages[static_cast<std::size_t>(stage)];
for (const auto& entry : shader->GetShaderEntries().const_buffers) {
- SetupConstBuffer(shader_stage.const_buffers[entry.GetIndex()], entry);
+ const auto& buffer = shader_stage.const_buffers[entry.GetIndex()];
+ SetupConstBuffer(buffer, entry);
+ }
+}
+
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupComputeConstBuffers(const Shader& kernel) {
+ MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_UBO);
+ const auto& launch_desc = system.GPU().KeplerCompute().launch_description;
+ for (const auto& entry : kernel->GetShaderEntries().const_buffers) {
+ const auto& config = launch_desc.const_buffer_config[entry.GetIndex()];
+ const std::bitset<8> mask = launch_desc.memory_config.const_buffer_enable_mask.Value();
+ Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo buffer;
+ buffer.address = config.Address();
+ buffer.size = config.size;
+ buffer.enabled = mask[entry.GetIndex()];
+ SetupConstBuffer(buffer, entry);
}
}
@@ -801,24 +947,39 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupConstBuffer(const Tegra::Engines::ConstBufferInfo& b
bind_ubo_pushbuffer.Push(cbuf, offset, size);
}
-void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupGlobalRegions(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
- const Shader& shader) {
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupDrawGlobalMemory(Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::ShaderStage stage,
+ const Shader& shader) {
auto& gpu{system.GPU()};
auto& memory_manager{gpu.MemoryManager()};
const auto cbufs{gpu.Maxwell3D().state.shader_stages[static_cast<std::size_t>(stage)]};
- const auto alignment{device.GetShaderStorageBufferAlignment()};
-
for (const auto& entry : shader->GetShaderEntries().global_memory_entries) {
const auto addr{cbufs.const_buffers[entry.GetCbufIndex()].address + entry.GetCbufOffset()};
- const auto actual_addr{memory_manager.Read<u64>(addr)};
+ const auto gpu_addr{memory_manager.Read<u64>(addr)};
const auto size{memory_manager.Read<u32>(addr + 8)};
+ SetupGlobalMemory(entry, gpu_addr, size);
+ }
+}
- const auto [ssbo, buffer_offset] =
- buffer_cache.UploadMemory(actual_addr, size, alignment, true, entry.IsWritten());
- bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Push(ssbo, buffer_offset, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size));
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupComputeGlobalMemory(const Shader& kernel) {
+ auto& gpu{system.GPU()};
+ auto& memory_manager{gpu.MemoryManager()};
+ const auto cbufs{gpu.KeplerCompute().launch_description.const_buffer_config};
+ for (const auto& entry : kernel->GetShaderEntries().global_memory_entries) {
+ const auto addr{cbufs[entry.GetCbufIndex()].Address() + entry.GetCbufOffset()};
+ const auto gpu_addr{memory_manager.Read<u64>(addr)};
+ const auto size{memory_manager.Read<u32>(addr + 8)};
+ SetupGlobalMemory(entry, gpu_addr, size);
}
}
+void RasterizerOpenGL::SetupGlobalMemory(const GLShader::GlobalMemoryEntry& entry,
+ GPUVAddr gpu_addr, std::size_t size) {
+ const auto alignment{device.GetShaderStorageBufferAlignment()};
+ const auto [ssbo, buffer_offset] =
+ buffer_cache.UploadMemory(gpu_addr, size, alignment, true, entry.IsWritten());
+ bind_ssbo_pushbuffer.Push(ssbo, buffer_offset, static_cast<GLsizeiptr>(size));
+}
+
TextureBufferUsage RasterizerOpenGL::SetupTextures(Maxwell::ShaderStage stage, const Shader& shader,
BaseBindings base_bindings) {
MICROPROFILE_SCOPE(OpenGL_Texture);
@@ -907,10 +1068,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncClipCoef() {
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncCullMode() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+ auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
- state.cull.enabled = regs.cull.enabled != 0;
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
+ state.cull.enabled = regs.cull.enabled != 0;
if (state.cull.enabled) {
state.cull.front_face = MaxwellToGL::FrontFace(regs.cull.front_face);
state.cull.mode = MaxwellToGL::CullFace(regs.cull.cull_face);
@@ -943,16 +1105,21 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncDepthTestState() {
state.depth.test_enabled = regs.depth_test_enable != 0;
state.depth.write_mask = regs.depth_write_enabled ? GL_TRUE : GL_FALSE;
- if (!state.depth.test_enabled)
+ if (!state.depth.test_enabled) {
return;
+ }
state.depth.test_func = MaxwellToGL::ComparisonOp(regs.depth_test_func);
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncStencilTestState() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
- state.stencil.test_enabled = regs.stencil_enable != 0;
+ auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+ if (!maxwell3d.dirty.stencil_test) {
+ return;
+ }
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
+ state.stencil.test_enabled = regs.stencil_enable != 0;
if (!regs.stencil_enable) {
return;
}
@@ -981,10 +1148,17 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncStencilTestState() {
state.stencil.back.action_depth_fail = GL_KEEP;
state.stencil.back.action_depth_pass = GL_KEEP;
}
+ state.MarkDirtyStencilState();
+ maxwell3d.dirty.stencil_test = false;
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncColorMask() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+ auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+ if (!maxwell3d.dirty.color_mask) {
+ return;
+ }
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
+
const std::size_t count =
regs.independent_blend_enable ? Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets : 1;
for (std::size_t i = 0; i < count; i++) {
@@ -995,6 +1169,9 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncColorMask() {
dest.blue_enabled = (source.B == 0) ? GL_FALSE : GL_TRUE;
dest.alpha_enabled = (source.A == 0) ? GL_FALSE : GL_TRUE;
}
+
+ state.MarkDirtyColorMask();
+ maxwell3d.dirty.color_mask = false;
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncMultiSampleState() {
@@ -1009,7 +1186,11 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncFragmentColorClampState() {
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncBlendState() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+ auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+ if (!maxwell3d.dirty.blend_state) {
+ return;
+ }
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
state.blend_color.red = regs.blend_color.r;
state.blend_color.green = regs.blend_color.g;
@@ -1032,6 +1213,8 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncBlendState() {
for (std::size_t i = 1; i < Tegra::Engines::Maxwell3D::Regs::NumRenderTargets; i++) {
state.blend[i].enabled = false;
}
+ maxwell3d.dirty.blend_state = false;
+ state.MarkDirtyBlendState();
return;
}
@@ -1048,6 +1231,9 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncBlendState() {
blend.src_a_func = MaxwellToGL::BlendFunc(src.factor_source_a);
blend.dst_a_func = MaxwellToGL::BlendFunc(src.factor_dest_a);
}
+
+ state.MarkDirtyBlendState();
+ maxwell3d.dirty.blend_state = false;
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncLogicOpState() {
@@ -1099,13 +1285,21 @@ void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncPointState() {
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncPolygonOffset() {
- const auto& regs = system.GPU().Maxwell3D().regs;
+ auto& maxwell3d = system.GPU().Maxwell3D();
+ if (!maxwell3d.dirty.polygon_offset) {
+ return;
+ }
+ const auto& regs = maxwell3d.regs;
+
state.polygon_offset.fill_enable = regs.polygon_offset_fill_enable != 0;
state.polygon_offset.line_enable = regs.polygon_offset_line_enable != 0;
state.polygon_offset.point_enable = regs.polygon_offset_point_enable != 0;
state.polygon_offset.units = regs.polygon_offset_units;
state.polygon_offset.factor = regs.polygon_offset_factor;
state.polygon_offset.clamp = regs.polygon_offset_clamp;
+
+ state.MarkDirtyPolygonOffset();
+ maxwell3d.dirty.polygon_offset = false;
}
void RasterizerOpenGL::SyncAlphaTest() {