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+.\" mkfs.fat.8 - manpage for fs.fatck
+.\"
+.\" Copyright (C) 2006-2014 Daniel Baumann <daniel@debian.org>
+.\"
+.\" This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+.\" it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+.\" the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+.\" (at your option) any later version.
+.\"
+.\" This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+.\" but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+.\" MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
+.\" GNU General Public License for more details.
+.\"
+.\" You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+.\" along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+.\"
+.\" The complete text of the GNU General Public License
+.\" can be found in /usr/share/common-licenses/GPL-3 file.
+.\"
+.\"
+.TH MKFS.FAT 8 2015\-05\-16 3.0.28 "dosfstools"
+.SH NAME
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR \- create an MS-DOS filesystem under Linux
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH SYNOPSIS
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR [\fIOPTIONS\fR] \fIDEVICE\fR [\fIBLOCK-COUNT\fR]
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH DESCRIPTION
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR is used to create an MS-DOS filesystem under Linux on a device
+(usually a disk partition).
+\fIDEVICE\fR is the special file corresponding to the device (e.g. /dev/sdXX).
+\fIBLOCK-COUNT\fR is the number of blocks on the device.
+If omitted, \fBmkfs.fat\fR automatically determines the filesystem size.
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH OPTIONS
+.IP "\fB\-a\fR" 4
+Normally, for any filesystem except very small ones, \fBmkfs.fat\fR will align
+all the data structures to cluster size, to make sure that as long as the
+partition is properly aligned, so will all the data structures in the
+filesystem.
+This option disables alignment; this may provide a handful of additional
+clusters of storage at the expense of a significant performance degradation on
+RAIDs, flash media or large-sector hard disks.
+.IP "\fB \-A\fR" 4
+Use Atari variation of the MS-DOS filesystem.
+This is default if \fBmkfs.fat\fR is run on an Atari, then this option turns off
+Atari format.
+There are some differences when using Atari format:
+If not directed otherwise by the user, \fBmkfs.fat\fR will always use 2 sectors
+per cluster, since GEMDOS doesn't like other values very much.
+It will also obey the maximum number of sectors GEMDOS can handle.
+Larger filesystems are managed by raising the logical sector size.
+Under Atari format, an Atari-compatible serial number for the filesystem is
+generated, and a 12 bit FAT is used only for filesystems that have one of the
+usual floppy sizes (720k, 1.2M, 1.44M, 2.88M), a 16 bit FAT otherwise.
+This can be overridden with the \fB\-F\fR option.
+Some PC-specific boot sector fields aren't written, and a boot message (option
+\fB\-m\fR) is ignored.
+.IP "\fB\-b\fR \fISECTOR-OF-BACKUP\fR" 4
+Selects the location of the backup boot sector for FAT32.
+Default depends on number of reserved sectors, but usually is sector 6.
+The backup must be within the range of reserved sectors.
+.IP "\fB\-c" 4
+Check the device for bad blocks before creating the filesystem.
+.IP "\fB\-C\fR" 4
+Create the file given as \fIDEVICE\fR on the command line, and write the
+to-be-created filesystem to it.
+This can be used to create the new filesystem in a file instead of on a real
+device, and to avoid using \fBdd\fR in advance to create a file of appropriate
+size.
+With this option, the \fIBLOCK-COUNT\fR must be given, because otherwise the
+intended size of the filesystem wouldn't be known.
+The file created is a sparse file, which actually only contains the meta-data
+areas (boot sector, FATs, and root directory).
+The data portions won't be stored on the disk, but the file nevertheless will
+have the correct size.
+The resulting file can be copied later to a floppy disk or other device, or
+mounted through a loop device.
+.IP "\fB\-D\fR \fIDRIVE-NUMBER\fR" 4
+Specify the BIOS drive number to be stored in the FAT boot sector.
+This value is usually 0x80 for hard disks and 0x00 for floppy devices or
+partitions to be used for floppy emulation.
+.IP "\fB\-f\fR \fINUMBER-OF-FATS\fR" 4
+Specify the number of file allocation tables in the filesystem.
+The default is 2.
+.IP "\fB\-F\fR \fIFAT-SIZE\fR" 4
+Specifies the type of file allocation tables used (12, 16 or 32 bit).
+If nothing is specified, \fBmkfs.fat\fR will automatically select between 12, 16
+and 32 bit, whatever fits better for the filesystem size.
+.IP "\fB\-h\fR \fINUMBER-OF-HIDDEN-SECTORS\fR" 4
+Select the number of hidden sectors in the volume.
+Apparently some digital cameras get indigestion if you feed them a CF card
+without such hidden sectors, this option allows you to satisfy them.
+.IP "\fB\-i\fR \fIVOLUME-ID\fR" 4
+Sets the volume ID of the newly created filesystem; \fIVOLUME-ID\fR is a 32-bit
+hexadecimal number (for example, 2e24ec82).
+The default is a number which depends on the filesystem creation time.
+.IP "\fB\-I\fR" 4
+It is typical for fixed disk devices to be partitioned so, by default, you are
+not permitted to create a filesystem across the entire device.
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR will complain and tell you that it refuses to work.
+This is different when using MO disks.
+One doesn't always need partitions on MO disks.
+The filesystem can go directly to the whole disk.
+Under other OSes this is known as the 'superfloppy' format.
+This switch will force \fBmkfs.fat\fR to work properly.
+.IP "\fB\-l\fR \fIFILENAME\fR" 4
+Read the bad blocks list from \fIFILENAME\fR.
+.IP "\fB\-m\fR \fIMESSAGE-FILE\fR" 4
+Sets the message the user receives on attempts to boot this filesystem without
+having properly installed an operating system.
+The message file must not exceed 418 bytes once line feeds have been converted
+to carriage return-line feed combinations, and tabs have been expanded.
+If the filename is a hyphen (-), the text is taken from standard input.
+.IP "\fB\-M\fR \fIFAT-MEDIA-TYPE\fR" 4
+Specify the media type to be stored in the FAT boot sector.
+This value is usually 0xF8 for hard disks and is 0xF0 or a value from 0xF9 to
+0xFF for floppies or partitions to be used for floppy emulation.
+.IP "\fB\-n\fR \fIVOLUME-NAME\fR" 4
+Sets the volume name (label) of the filesystem.
+The volume name can be up to 11 characters long.
+The default is no label.
+.IP "\fB\-r\fR \fIROOT-DIR-ENTRIES\fR" 4
+Select the number of entries available in the root directory.
+The default is 112 or 224 for floppies and 512 for hard disks.
+.IP "\fB\-R\fR \fINUMBER-OF-RESERVED-SECTORS\fR" 4
+Select the number of reserved sectors.
+With FAT32 format at least 2 reserved sectors are needed, the default is 32.
+Otherwise the default is 1 (only the boot sector).
+.IP "\fB\-s\fR \fISECTORS-PER-CLUSTER\fR" 4
+Specify the number of disk sectors per cluster.
+Must be a power of 2, i.e. 1, 2, 4, 8, ... 128.
+.IP "\fB\-S\fR \fILOGICAL-SECTOR-SIZE\fR" 4
+Specify the number of bytes per logical sector.
+Must be a power of 2 and greater than or equal to 512, i.e. 512, 1024, 2048,
+4096, 8192, 16384, or 32768.
+.IP "\fB\-v\fR" 4
+Verbose execution.
+.IP "\fB\-\-invariant\fR" 4
+Use constants for normally randomly generated or time based data such as
+volume ID and creation time.
+Multiple runs of \fBmkfs.fat\fR on the same device create identical results
+with this option.
+Its main purpose is testing \fBmkfs.fat\fR.
+.IP "\fB\-\-help\fR" 4
+Display option summary and exit.
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH BUGS
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR can not create boot-able filesystems.
+This isn't as easy as you might think at first glance for various reasons and
+has been discussed a lot already.
+\fBmkfs.fat\fR simply will not support it ;)
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH SEE ALSO
+\fBfatlabel\fR(8)
+.br
+\fBfsck.fat\fR(8)
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH HOMEPAGE
+The home for the \fBdosfstools\fR project is its
+.UR https://github.com/dosfstools/dosfstools
+GitHub project page
+.UE .
+.\" ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+.SH AUTHORS
+\fBdosfstools\fR were written by
+.MT werner.almesberger@\:lrc.di.epfl.ch
+Werner Almesberger
+.ME ,
+.MT Roman.Hodek@\:informatik.\:uni-erlangen.de
+Roman Hodek
+.ME ,
+and others.
+The current maintainer is
+.MT aeb@\:debian.org
+Andreas Bombe
+.ME .