12 files changed, 0 insertions, 10400 deletions

diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.c b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 646c938..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,1545 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * darwin backend for libusb 1.0
- * Copyright (C) 2008-2010 Nathan Hjelm <hjelmn@users.sourceforge.net>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#include <config.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include <mach/clock.h>
-#include <mach/clock_types.h>
-#include <mach/mach_host.h>
-
-#include <mach/mach_port.h>
-#include <IOKit/IOCFBundle.h>
-#include <IOKit/usb/IOUSBLib.h>
-#include <IOKit/IOCFPlugIn.h>
-
-#include "darwin_usb.h"
-
-static mach_port_t  libusb_darwin_mp = 0; /* master port */
-static CFRunLoopRef libusb_darwin_acfl = NULL; /* async cf loop */
-static int initCount = 0;
-
-/* async event thread */
-static pthread_t libusb_darwin_at;
-
-static int darwin_get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t config_index, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian);
-static int darwin_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int darwin_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int darwin_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static void darwin_async_io_callback (void *refcon, IOReturn result, void *arg0);
-
-static const char *darwin_error_str (int result) {
-  switch (result) {
-  case kIOReturnSuccess:
-    return "no error";
-  case kIOReturnNotOpen:
-    return "device not opened for exclusive access";
-  case kIOReturnNoDevice:
-    return "no connection to an IOService";
-  case kIOUSBNoAsyncPortErr:
-    return "no async port has been opened for interface";
-  case kIOReturnExclusiveAccess:
-    return "another process has device opened for exclusive access";
-  case kIOUSBPipeStalled:
-    return "pipe is stalled";
-  case kIOReturnError:
-    return "could not establish a connection to the Darwin kernel";
-  case kIOUSBTransactionTimeout:
-    return "transaction timed out";
-  case kIOReturnBadArgument:
-    return "invalid argument";
-  case kIOReturnAborted:
-    return "transaction aborted";
-  case kIOReturnNotResponding:
-    return "device not responding";
-  case kIOReturnOverrun:
-    return "data overrun";
-  case kIOReturnCannotWire:
-    return "physical memory can not be wired down";
-  default:
-    return "unknown error";
-  }
-}
-
-static int darwin_to_libusb (int result) {
-  switch (result) {
-  case kIOReturnUnderrun:
-  case kIOReturnSuccess:
-    return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-  case kIOReturnNotOpen:
-  case kIOReturnNoDevice:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-  case kIOReturnExclusiveAccess:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-  case kIOUSBPipeStalled:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_PIPE;
-  case kIOReturnBadArgument:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-  case kIOUSBTransactionTimeout:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_TIMEOUT;
-  case kIOReturnNotResponding:
-  case kIOReturnAborted:
-  case kIOReturnError:
-  case kIOUSBNoAsyncPortErr:
-  default:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-  }
-}
-
-
-static int ep_to_pipeRef(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, uint8_t ep, uint8_t *pipep, uint8_t *ifcp) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface;
-
-  int8_t i, iface;
-
-  usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "converting ep address 0x%02x to pipeRef and interface", ep);
-
-  for (iface = 0 ; iface < USB_MAXINTERFACES ; iface++) {
-    cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-    if (dev_handle->claimed_interfaces & (1 << iface)) {
-      for (i = 0 ; i < cInterface->num_endpoints ; i++) {
-	if (cInterface->endpoint_addrs[i] == ep) {
-	  *pipep = i + 1;
-	  *ifcp = iface;
-	  usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "pipe %d on interface %d matches", *pipep, *ifcp);
-	  return 0;
-	}
-      }
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* No pipe found with the correct endpoint address */
-  usbi_warn (HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), "no pipeRef found with endpoint address 0x%02x.", ep);
-
-  return -1;
-}
-
-static int usb_setup_device_iterator (io_iterator_t *deviceIterator) {
-  return IOServiceGetMatchingServices(libusb_darwin_mp, IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBDeviceClassName), deviceIterator);
-}
-
-static usb_device_t **usb_get_next_device (io_iterator_t deviceIterator, UInt32 *locationp) {
-  io_cf_plugin_ref_t *plugInInterface = NULL;
-  usb_device_t **device;
-  io_service_t usbDevice;
-  long result;
-  SInt32 score;
-
-  if (!IOIteratorIsValid (deviceIterator))
-    return NULL;
-
-
-  while ((usbDevice = IOIteratorNext(deviceIterator))) {
-    result = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService(usbDevice, kIOUSBDeviceUserClientTypeID,
-					       kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID, &plugInInterface,
-					       &score);
-    if (kIOReturnSuccess == result && plugInInterface)
-      break;
-
-    usbi_dbg ("libusb/darwin.c usb_get_next_device: could not set up plugin for service: %s\n", darwin_error_str (result));
-  }
-
-  if (!usbDevice)
-    return NULL;
-
-  (void)IOObjectRelease(usbDevice);
-  (void)(*plugInInterface)->QueryInterface(plugInInterface, CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(DeviceInterfaceID),
-					   (LPVOID)&device);
-
-  (*plugInInterface)->Stop(plugInInterface);
-  IODestroyPlugInInterface (plugInInterface);
-
-  /* get the location from the device */
-  if (locationp)
-    (*(device))->GetLocationID(device, locationp);
-
-  return device;
-}
-
-static kern_return_t darwin_get_device (uint32_t dev_location, usb_device_t ***darwin_device) {
-  kern_return_t kresult;
-  UInt32        location;
-  io_iterator_t deviceIterator;
-
-  kresult = usb_setup_device_iterator (&deviceIterator);
-  if (kresult)
-    return kresult;
-
-  /* This port of libusb uses locations to keep track of devices. */
-  while ((*darwin_device = usb_get_next_device (deviceIterator, &location)) != NULL) {
-    if (location == dev_location)
-      break;
-
-    (**darwin_device)->Release(*darwin_device);
-  }
-
-  IOObjectRelease (deviceIterator);
-
-  if (!(*darwin_device))
-    return kIOReturnNoDevice;
-
-  return kIOReturnSuccess;
-}
-
-
-
-static void darwin_devices_detached (void *ptr, io_iterator_t rem_devices) {
-  struct libusb_context *ctx = (struct libusb_context *)ptr;
-  struct libusb_device_handle *handle;
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv;
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv;
-
-  io_service_t device;
-  long location;
-  CFTypeRef locationCF;
-  UInt32 message;
-
-  usbi_info (ctx, "a device has been detached");
-
-  while ((device = IOIteratorNext (rem_devices)) != 0) {
-    /* get the location from the i/o registry */
-    locationCF = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty (device, CFSTR(kUSBDevicePropertyLocationID), kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
-
-    CFNumberGetValue(locationCF, kCFNumberLongType, &location);
-    CFRelease (locationCF);
-    IOObjectRelease (device);
-
-    usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-    list_for_each_entry(handle, &ctx->open_devs, list, struct libusb_device_handle) {
-      dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)handle->dev->os_priv;
-
-      /* the device may have been opened several times. write to each handle's event descriptor */
-      if (dpriv->location == location  && handle->os_priv) {
-	priv  = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)handle->os_priv;
-
-	message = MESSAGE_DEVICE_GONE;
-	write (priv->fds[1], &message, sizeof (message));
-      }
-    }
-
-    usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-  }
-}
-
-static void darwin_clear_iterator (io_iterator_t iter) {
-  io_service_t device;
-
-  while ((device = IOIteratorNext (iter)) != 0)
-    IOObjectRelease (device);
-}
-
-static void *event_thread_main (void *arg0) {
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  struct libusb_context *ctx = (struct libusb_context *)arg0;
-
-  /* hotplug (device removal) source */
-  CFRunLoopSourceRef     libusb_notification_cfsource;
-  io_notification_port_t libusb_notification_port;
-  io_iterator_t          libusb_rem_device_iterator;
-
-  usbi_info (ctx, "creating hotplug event source");
-
-  CFRetain (CFRunLoopGetCurrent ());
-
-  /* add the notification port to the run loop */
-  libusb_notification_port     = IONotificationPortCreate (libusb_darwin_mp);
-  libusb_notification_cfsource = IONotificationPortGetRunLoopSource (libusb_notification_port);
-  CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopGetCurrent (), libusb_notification_cfsource, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-
-  /* create notifications for removed devices */
-  kresult = IOServiceAddMatchingNotification (libusb_notification_port, kIOTerminatedNotification,
-					      IOServiceMatching(kIOUSBDeviceClassName),
-					      (IOServiceMatchingCallback)darwin_devices_detached,
-					      (void *)ctx, &libusb_rem_device_iterator);
-
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-    usbi_err (ctx, "could not add hotplug event source: %s", darwin_error_str (kresult));
-
-    pthread_exit ((void *)kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* arm notifiers */
-  darwin_clear_iterator (libusb_rem_device_iterator);
-
-  /* let the main thread know about the async runloop */
-  libusb_darwin_acfl = CFRunLoopGetCurrent ();
-
-  usbi_info (ctx, "thread ready to receive events");
-
-  /* run the runloop */
-  CFRunLoopRun();
-
-  usbi_info (ctx, "thread exiting");
-
-  /* delete notification port */
-  CFRunLoopSourceInvalidate (libusb_notification_cfsource);
-  IONotificationPortDestroy (libusb_notification_port);
-
-  CFRelease (CFRunLoopGetCurrent ());
-
-  libusb_darwin_acfl = NULL;
-
-  pthread_exit (0);
-}
-
-static int darwin_init(struct libusb_context *ctx) {
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  if (!(initCount++)) {
-    /* Create the master port for talking to IOKit */
-    if (!libusb_darwin_mp) {
-      kresult = IOMasterPort (MACH_PORT_NULL, &libusb_darwin_mp);
-
-      if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess || !libusb_darwin_mp)
-	return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-    }
-
-    pthread_create (&libusb_darwin_at, NULL, event_thread_main, (void *)ctx);
-
-    while (!libusb_darwin_acfl)
-      usleep (10);
-  }
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static void darwin_exit (void) {
-  if (!(--initCount)) {
-    void *ret;
-
-    /* stop the async runloop */
-    CFRunLoopStop (libusb_darwin_acfl);
-    pthread_join (libusb_darwin_at, &ret);
-
-    if (libusb_darwin_mp)
-      mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), libusb_darwin_mp);
-
-    libusb_darwin_mp = 0;
-  }
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, unsigned char *buffer, int *host_endian) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-
-  /* return cached copy */
-  memmove (buffer, &(priv->dev_descriptor), DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-
-  *host_endian = 0;
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int get_configuration_index (struct libusb_device *dev, int config_value) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-  UInt8 i, numConfig;
-  IOUSBConfigurationDescriptorPtr desc;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  /* is there a simpler way to determine the index? */
-  kresult = (*(priv->device))->GetNumberOfConfigurations (priv->device, &numConfig);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-
-  for (i = 0 ; i < numConfig ; i++) {
-    (*(priv->device))->GetConfigurationDescriptorPtr (priv->device, i, &desc);
-
-    if (desc->bConfigurationValue == config_value)
-      return i;
-  }
-
-  /* configuration not found */
-  return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-  int config_index;
-
-  if (0 == priv->active_config)
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-  config_index = get_configuration_index (dev, priv->active_config);
-  if (config_index < 0)
-    return config_index;
-
-  return darwin_get_config_descriptor (dev, config_index, buffer, len, host_endian);
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t config_index, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-  IOUSBConfigurationDescriptorPtr desc;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  usb_device_t **device = NULL;
-
-  if (!priv)
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-
-  if (!priv->device) {
-    kresult = darwin_get_device (priv->location, &device);
-    if (kresult || !device) {
-      usbi_err (DEVICE_CTX (dev), "could not find device: %s", darwin_error_str (kresult));
-
-      return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-    }
-
-    /* don't have to open the device to get a config descriptor */
-  } else
-    device = priv->device;
-
-  kresult = (*device)->GetConfigurationDescriptorPtr (device, config_index, &desc);
-  if (kresult == kIOReturnSuccess) {
-    /* copy descriptor */
-    if (libusb_le16_to_cpu(desc->wTotalLength) < len)
-      len = libusb_le16_to_cpu(desc->wTotalLength);
-
-    memmove (buffer, desc, len);
-
-    /* GetConfigurationDescriptorPtr returns the descriptor in USB bus order */
-    *host_endian = 0;
-  }
-
-  if (!priv->device)
-    (*device)->Release (device);
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-/* check whether the os has configured the device */
-static int darwin_check_configuration (struct libusb_context *ctx, struct libusb_device *dev, usb_device_t **darwin_device) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-
-  IOUSBConfigurationDescriptorPtr configDesc;
-  IOUSBFindInterfaceRequest request;
-  kern_return_t             kresult;
-  io_iterator_t             interface_iterator;
-  io_service_t              firstInterface;
-
-  if (priv->dev_descriptor.bNumConfigurations < 1) {
-    usbi_err (ctx, "device has no configurations");
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER; /* no configurations at this speed so we can't use it */
-  }
-
-  /* find the first configuration */
-  kresult = (*darwin_device)->GetConfigurationDescriptorPtr (darwin_device, 0, &configDesc);
-  priv->first_config = (kIOReturnSuccess == kresult) ? configDesc->bConfigurationValue : 1;
-
-  /* check if the device is already configured. there is probably a better way than iterating over the
-     to accomplish this (the trick is we need to avoid a call to GetConfigurations since buggy devices
-     might lock up on the device request) */
-
-  /* Setup the Interface Request */
-  request.bInterfaceClass    = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bInterfaceSubClass = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bInterfaceProtocol = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bAlternateSetting  = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-
-  kresult = (*(darwin_device))->CreateInterfaceIterator(darwin_device, &request, &interface_iterator);
-  if (kresult)
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-
-  /* iterate once */
-  firstInterface = IOIteratorNext(interface_iterator);
-
-  /* done with the interface iterator */
-  IOObjectRelease(interface_iterator);
-
-  if (firstInterface) {
-    IOObjectRelease (firstInterface);
-
-    /* device is configured */
-    if (priv->dev_descriptor.bNumConfigurations == 1)
-      /* to avoid problems with some devices get the configurations value from the configuration descriptor */
-      priv->active_config = priv->first_config;
-    else
-      /* devices with more than one configuration should work with GetConfiguration */
-      (*darwin_device)->GetConfiguration (darwin_device, &priv->active_config);
-  } else
-    /* not configured */
-    priv->active_config = 0;
-  
-  usbi_info (ctx, "active config: %u, first config: %u", priv->active_config, priv->first_config);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int process_new_device (struct libusb_context *ctx, usb_device_t **device, UInt32 locationID, struct discovered_devs **_discdevs) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *priv;
-  struct libusb_device *dev;
-  struct discovered_devs *discdevs;
-  UInt16                address, idVendor, idProduct;
-  UInt8                 bDeviceClass, bDeviceSubClass;
-  IOUSBDevRequest      req;
-  int ret = 0, need_unref = 0;
-
-  do {
-    dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, locationID);
-    if (!dev) {
-      usbi_info (ctx, "allocating new device for location 0x%08x", locationID);
-      dev = usbi_alloc_device(ctx, locationID);
-      need_unref = 1;
-    } else
-      usbi_info (ctx, "using existing device for location 0x%08x", locationID);
-
-    if (!dev) {
-      ret = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-      break;
-    }
-
-    priv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-
-    /* Set up request for device descriptor */
-    req.bmRequestType = USBmakebmRequestType(kUSBIn, kUSBStandard, kUSBDevice);
-    req.bRequest      = kUSBRqGetDescriptor;
-    req.wValue        = kUSBDeviceDesc << 8;
-    req.wIndex        = 0;
-    req.wLength       = sizeof(IOUSBDeviceDescriptor);
-    req.pData         = &(priv->dev_descriptor);
-
-    (*(device))->GetDeviceAddress (device, (USBDeviceAddress *)&address);
-    (*(device))->GetDeviceProduct (device, &idProduct);
-    (*(device))->GetDeviceVendor (device, &idVendor);
-    (*(device))->GetDeviceClass (device, &bDeviceClass);
-    (*(device))->GetDeviceSubClass (device, &bDeviceSubClass);
-
-    /**** retrieve device descriptors ****/
-    /* according to Apple's documentation the device must be open for DeviceRequest but we may not be able to open some
-     * devices and Apple's USB Prober doesn't bother to open the device before issuing a descriptor request */
-    ret = (*(device))->DeviceRequest (device, &req);
-    if (ret != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-      int try_unsuspend = 1;
-#if DeviceVersion >= 320
-      UInt32 info;
-
-      /* device may be suspended. unsuspend it and try again */
-      /* IOUSBFamily 320+ provides a way to detect device suspension but earlier versions do not */
-      (void)(*device)->GetUSBDeviceInformation (device, &info);
-
-      try_unsuspend = info & (1 << kUSBInformationDeviceIsSuspendedBit);
-#endif
-
-      /* the device should be open before to device is unsuspended */
-      (void) (*device)->USBDeviceOpenSeize(device);
-
-      if (try_unsuspend) {
-	/* resume the device */
-	(void)(*device)->USBDeviceSuspend (device, 0);
-
-	ret = (*(device))->DeviceRequest (device, &req);
-
-	/* resuspend the device */
-	(void)(*device)->USBDeviceSuspend (device, 1);
-      }
-
-      (*device)->USBDeviceClose (device);
-    }
-
-    if (ret != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-      usbi_warn (ctx, "could not retrieve device descriptor: %s. skipping device", darwin_error_str (ret));
-      ret = -1;
-      break;
-    }
-
-    /**** end: retrieve device descriptors ****/
-
-    /* catch buggy hubs (which appear to be virtual). Apple's own USB prober has problems with these devices. */
-    if (libusb_le16_to_cpu (priv->dev_descriptor.idProduct) != idProduct) {
-      /* not a valid device */
-      usbi_warn (ctx, "idProduct from iokit (%04x) does not match idProduct in descriptor (%04x). skipping device",
-		 idProduct, libusb_le16_to_cpu (priv->dev_descriptor.idProduct));
-      ret = -1;
-      break;
-    }
-
-    dev->bus_number     = locationID >> 24;
-    dev->device_address = address;
-
-    /* check current active configuration (and cache the first configuration value-- which may be used by claim_interface) */
-    ret = darwin_check_configuration (ctx, dev, device);
-    if (ret < 0)
-      break;
-
-    /* save our location, we'll need this later */
-    priv->location = locationID;
-    snprintf(priv->sys_path, 20, "%03i-%04x-%04x-%02x-%02x", address, idVendor, idProduct, bDeviceClass, bDeviceSubClass);
-
-    ret = usbi_sanitize_device (dev);
-    if (ret < 0)
-      break;
-
-    /* append the device to the list of discovered devices */
-    discdevs = discovered_devs_append(*_discdevs, dev);
-    if (!discdevs) {
-      ret = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-      break;
-    }
-
-    *_discdevs = discdevs;
-
-    usbi_info (ctx, "found device with address %d at %s", dev->device_address, priv->sys_path);
-  } while (0);
-
-  if (need_unref)
-    libusb_unref_device(dev);
-
-  return ret;
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct discovered_devs **_discdevs) {
-  io_iterator_t        deviceIterator;
-  usb_device_t         **device;
-  kern_return_t        kresult;
-  UInt32               location;
-
-  if (!libusb_darwin_mp)
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-  kresult = usb_setup_device_iterator (&deviceIterator);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-
-  while ((device = usb_get_next_device (deviceIterator, &location)) != NULL) {
-    (void) process_new_device (ctx, device, location, _discdevs);
-
-    (*(device))->Release(device);
-  }
-
-  IOObjectRelease(deviceIterator);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_open (struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  usb_device_t  **darwin_device;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  if (0 == dpriv->open_count) {
-    kresult = darwin_get_device (dpriv->location, &darwin_device);
-    if (kresult) {
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "could not find device: %s", darwin_error_str (kresult));
-      return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-    }
-
-    dpriv->device = darwin_device;
-
-    /* try to open the device */
-    kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->USBDeviceOpenSeize (dpriv->device);
-
-    if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "USBDeviceOpen: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-      switch (kresult) {
-      case kIOReturnExclusiveAccess:
-	/* it is possible to perform some actions on a device that is not open so do not return an error */
-	priv->is_open = 0;
-
-	break;
-      default:
-	(*(dpriv->device))->Release (dpriv->device);
-	dpriv->device = NULL;
-	return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-      }
-    } else {
-      priv->is_open = 1;
-
-      /* create async event source */
-      kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->CreateDeviceAsyncEventSource (dpriv->device, &priv->cfSource);
-
-      CFRetain (libusb_darwin_acfl);
-
-      /* add the cfSource to the aync run loop */
-      CFRunLoopAddSource(libusb_darwin_acfl, priv->cfSource, kCFRunLoopCommonModes);
-    }
-  }
-
-  /* device opened successfully */
-  dpriv->open_count++;
-
-  /* create a file descriptor for notifications */
-  pipe (priv->fds);
-
-  /* set the pipe to be non-blocking */
-  fcntl (priv->fds[1], F_SETFD, O_NONBLOCK);
-
-  usbi_add_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), priv->fds[0], POLLIN);
-
-  usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "device open for access");
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static void darwin_close (struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  int i;
-
-  if (dpriv->open_count == 0) {
-    /* something is probably very wrong if this is the case */
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "Close called on a device that was not open!\n");
-    return;
-  }
-
-  dpriv->open_count--;
-
-  /* make sure all interfaces are released */
-  for (i = 0 ; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES ; i++)
-    if (dev_handle->claimed_interfaces & (1 << i))
-      libusb_release_interface (dev_handle, i);
-
-  if (0 == dpriv->open_count) {
-    if (priv->is_open) {
-      /* delete the device's async event source */
-      if (priv->cfSource) {
-	CFRunLoopRemoveSource (libusb_darwin_acfl, priv->cfSource, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-	CFRelease (priv->cfSource);
-      }
-
-      /* close the device */
-      kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->USBDeviceClose(dpriv->device);
-      if (kresult) {
-	/* Log the fact that we had a problem closing the file, however failing a
-	 * close isn't really an error, so return success anyway */
-	usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "USBDeviceClose: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-      }
-    }
-
-    kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->Release(dpriv->device);
-    if (kresult) {
-      /* Log the fact that we had a problem closing the file, however failing a
-       * close isn't really an error, so return success anyway */
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "Release: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    }
-
-    dpriv->device = NULL;
-  }
-
-  /* file descriptors are maintained per-instance */
-  usbi_remove_pollfd (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), priv->fds[0]);
-  close (priv->fds[1]);
-  close (priv->fds[0]);
-
-  priv->fds[0] = priv->fds[1] = -1;
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int *config) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-
-  *config = (int) dpriv->active_config;
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_set_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int config) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  int i;
-
-  /* Setting configuration will invalidate the interface, so we need
-     to reclaim it. First, dispose of existing interfaces, if any. */
-  for (i = 0 ; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES ; i++)
-    if (dev_handle->claimed_interfaces & (1 << i))
-      darwin_release_interface (dev_handle, i);
-
-  kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->SetConfiguration (dpriv->device, config);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-
-  /* Reclaim any interfaces. */
-  for (i = 0 ; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES ; i++)
-    if (dev_handle->claimed_interfaces & (1 << i))
-      darwin_claim_interface (dev_handle, i);
-
-  dpriv->active_config = config;
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_get_interface (usb_device_t **darwin_device, uint8_t ifc, io_service_t *usbInterfacep) {
-  IOUSBFindInterfaceRequest request;
-  uint8_t                   current_interface;
-  kern_return_t             kresult;
-  io_iterator_t             interface_iterator;
-
-  *usbInterfacep = IO_OBJECT_NULL;
-
-  /* Setup the Interface Request */
-  request.bInterfaceClass    = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bInterfaceSubClass = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bInterfaceProtocol = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-  request.bAlternateSetting  = kIOUSBFindInterfaceDontCare;
-
-  kresult = (*(darwin_device))->CreateInterfaceIterator(darwin_device, &request, &interface_iterator);
-  if (kresult)
-    return kresult;
-
-  for ( current_interface = 0 ; current_interface <= ifc ; current_interface++ ) {
-    *usbInterfacep = IOIteratorNext(interface_iterator);
-    if (current_interface != ifc)
-      (void) IOObjectRelease (*usbInterfacep);
-  }
-
-  /* done with the interface iterator */
-  IOObjectRelease(interface_iterator);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int get_endpoints (struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  kern_return_t kresult;
-
-  u_int8_t numep, direction, number;
-  u_int8_t dont_care1, dont_care3;
-  u_int16_t dont_care2;
-  int i;
-
-  usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "building table of endpoints.");
-
-  /* retrieve the total number of endpoints on this interface */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->GetNumEndpoints(cInterface->interface, &numep);
-  if (kresult) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "can't get number of endpoints for interface: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* iterate through pipe references */
-  for (i = 1 ; i <= numep ; i++) {
-    kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->GetPipeProperties(cInterface->interface, i, &direction, &number, &dont_care1,
-							    &dont_care2, &dont_care3);
-
-    if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "error getting pipe information for pipe %d: %s", i, darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-      return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-    }
-
-    usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "interface: %i pipe %i: dir: %i number: %i", iface, i, direction, number);
-
-    cInterface->endpoint_addrs[i - 1] = ((direction << 7 & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_DIR_MASK) | (number & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_ADDRESS_MASK));
-  }
-
-  cInterface->num_endpoints = numep;
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-  io_service_t          usbInterface = IO_OBJECT_NULL;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  IOCFPlugInInterface **plugInInterface = NULL;
-  SInt32                score;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  kresult = darwin_get_interface (dpriv->device, iface, &usbInterface);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-
-  /* make sure we have an interface */
-  if (!usbInterface && dpriv->first_config != 0) {
-    usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "no interface found; setting configuration: %d", dpriv->first_config);
-
-    /* set the configuration */
-    kresult = darwin_set_configuration (dev_handle, dpriv->first_config);
-    if (kresult != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "could not set configuration");
-      return kresult;
-    }
-
-    kresult = darwin_get_interface (dpriv->device, iface, &usbInterface);
-    if (kresult) {
-      usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "darwin_get_interface: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-      return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-    }
-  }
-
-  if (!usbInterface) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "interface not found");
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  /* get an interface to the device's interface */
-  kresult = IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService (usbInterface, kIOUSBInterfaceUserClientTypeID,
-					       kIOCFPlugInInterfaceID, &plugInInterface, &score);
-  if (kresult) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "IOCreatePlugInInterfaceForService: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  if (!plugInInterface) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "plugin interface not found");
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  /* ignore release error */
-  (void)IOObjectRelease (usbInterface);
-
-  /* Do the actual claim */
-  kresult = (*plugInInterface)->QueryInterface(plugInInterface,
-					       CFUUIDGetUUIDBytes(kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID),
-					       (LPVOID)&cInterface->interface);
-  if (kresult || !cInterface->interface) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "QueryInterface: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* We no longer need the intermediate plug-in */
-  (*plugInInterface)->Release(plugInInterface);
-
-  /* claim the interface */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->USBInterfaceOpen(cInterface->interface);
-  if (kresult) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "USBInterfaceOpen: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* update list of endpoints */
-  kresult = get_endpoints (dev_handle, iface);
-  if (kresult) {
-    /* this should not happen */
-    darwin_release_interface (dev_handle, iface);
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "could not build endpoint table");
-    return kresult;
-  }
-
-  cInterface->cfSource = NULL;
-
-  /* create async event source */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->CreateInterfaceAsyncEventSource (cInterface->interface, &cInterface->cfSource);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "could not create async event source");
-
-    /* can't continue without an async event source */
-    (void)darwin_release_interface (dev_handle, iface);
-
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* add the cfSource to the async thread's run loop */
-  CFRunLoopAddSource(libusb_darwin_acfl, cInterface->cfSource, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-
-  usbi_info (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "interface opened");
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  /* Check to see if an interface is open */
-  if (!cInterface->interface)
-    return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-  /* clean up endpoint data */
-  cInterface->num_endpoints = 0;
-
-  /* delete the interface's async event source */
-  if (cInterface->cfSource) {
-    CFRunLoopRemoveSource (libusb_darwin_acfl, cInterface->cfSource, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-    CFRelease (cInterface->cfSource);
-  }
-
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->USBInterfaceClose(cInterface->interface);
-  if (kresult)
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "USBInterfaceClose: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->Release(cInterface->interface);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "Release: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-  cInterface->interface = IO_OBJECT_NULL;
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  if (!cInterface->interface)
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->SetAlternateInterface (cInterface->interface, altsetting);
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    darwin_reset_device (dev_handle);
-
-  /* update list of endpoints */
-  kresult = get_endpoints (dev_handle, iface);
-  if (kresult) {
-    /* this should not happen */
-    darwin_release_interface (dev_handle, iface);
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "could not build endpoint table");
-    return kresult;
-  }
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint) {
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)dev_handle->os_priv;
-
-  /* current interface */
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface;
-  uint8_t pipeRef, iface;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  /* determine the interface/endpoint to use */
-  if (ep_to_pipeRef (dev_handle, endpoint, &pipeRef, &iface) != 0) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "endpoint not found on any open interface");
-
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-#if (InterfaceVersion < 190)
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->ClearPipeStall(cInterface->interface, pipeRef);
-#else
-  /* newer versions of darwin support clearing additional bits on the device's endpoint */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->ClearPipeStallBothEnds(cInterface->interface, pipeRef);
-#endif
-  if (kresult)
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "ClearPipeStall: %s", darwin_error_str (kresult));
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->ResetDevice (dpriv->device);
-  if (kresult)
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "ResetDevice: %s", darwin_error_str (kresult));
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_kernel_driver_active(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int interface) {
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  io_service_t usbInterface;
-  CFTypeRef driver;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  kresult = darwin_get_interface (dpriv->device, interface, &usbInterface);
-  if (kresult) {
-    usbi_err (HANDLE_CTX (dev_handle), "darwin_get_interface: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  driver = IORegistryEntryCreateCFProperty (usbInterface, kIOBundleIdentifierKey, kCFAllocatorDefault, 0);
-  IOObjectRelease (usbInterface);
-
-  if (driver) {
-    CFRelease (driver);
-
-    return 1;
-  }
-
-  /* no driver */
-  return 0;
-}
-
-/* attaching/detaching kernel drivers is not currently supported (maybe in the future?) */
-static int darwin_attach_kernel_driver (struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int interface) {
-  return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-static int darwin_detach_kernel_driver (struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int interface) {
-  return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-static void darwin_destroy_device(struct libusb_device *dev) {
-}
-
-static int submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->os_priv;
-
-  IOReturn               ret;
-  uint8_t                is_read; /* 0 = we're reading, 1 = we're writing */
-  uint8_t                transferType;
-  /* None of the values below are used in libusb for bulk transfers */
-  uint8_t                direction, number, interval, pipeRef, iface;
-  uint16_t               maxPacketSize;
-
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface;
-
-  /* are we reading or writing? */
-  is_read = transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-
-  if (ep_to_pipeRef (transfer->dev_handle, transfer->endpoint, &pipeRef, &iface) != 0) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "endpoint not found on any open interface");
-
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  (*(cInterface->interface))->GetPipeProperties (cInterface->interface, pipeRef, &direction, &number,
-						 &transferType, &maxPacketSize, &interval);
-
-  /* submit the request */
-  /* timeouts are unavailable on interrupt endpoints */
-  if (transferType == kUSBInterrupt) {
-    if (is_read)
-      ret = (*(cInterface->interface))->ReadPipeAsync(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer,
-						      transfer->length, darwin_async_io_callback, itransfer);
-    else
-      ret = (*(cInterface->interface))->WritePipeAsync(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer,
-						       transfer->length, darwin_async_io_callback, itransfer);
-  } else {
-    if (is_read)
-      ret = (*(cInterface->interface))->ReadPipeAsyncTO(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer,
-							transfer->length, transfer->timeout, transfer->timeout,
-							darwin_async_io_callback, (void *)itransfer);
-    else
-      ret = (*(cInterface->interface))->WritePipeAsyncTO(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer,
-							 transfer->length, transfer->timeout, transfer->timeout,
-							 darwin_async_io_callback, (void *)itransfer);
-  }
-
-  if (ret)
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "bulk transfer failed (dir = %s): %s (code = 0x%08x)", is_read ? "In" : "Out",
-	       darwin_error_str(ret), ret);
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (ret);
-}
-
-static int submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->os_priv;
-
-  IOReturn                kresult;
-  uint8_t                 is_read; /* 0 = we're writing, 1 = we're reading */
-  uint8_t                 pipeRef, iface;
-  UInt64                  frame;
-  AbsoluteTime            atTime;
-  int                     i;
-
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface;
-
-  /* are we reading or writing? */
-  is_read = transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-
-  /* construct an array of IOUSBIsocFrames */
-  tpriv->isoc_framelist = (IOUSBIsocFrame*) calloc (transfer->num_iso_packets, sizeof(IOUSBIsocFrame));
-  if (!tpriv->isoc_framelist)
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-
-  /* copy the frame list from the libusb descriptor (the structures differ only is member order) */
-  for (i = 0 ; i < transfer->num_iso_packets ; i++)
-    tpriv->isoc_framelist[i].frReqCount = transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length;
-
-  /* determine the interface/endpoint to use */
-  if (ep_to_pipeRef (transfer->dev_handle, transfer->endpoint, &pipeRef, &iface) != 0) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "endpoint not found on any open interface");
-
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  /* Last but not least we need the bus frame number */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->GetBusFrameNumber(cInterface->interface, &frame, &atTime);
-  if (kresult) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "failed to get bus frame number: %d", kresult);
-    free(tpriv->isoc_framelist);
-    tpriv->isoc_framelist = NULL;
-
-    return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-  }
-
-  /* schedule for a frame a little in the future */
-  frame += 2;
-
-  /* submit the request */
-  if (is_read)
-    kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->ReadIsochPipeAsync(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer, frame,
-							     transfer->num_iso_packets, tpriv->isoc_framelist, darwin_async_io_callback,
-							     itransfer);
-  else
-    kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->WriteIsochPipeAsync(cInterface->interface, pipeRef, transfer->buffer, frame,
-							      transfer->num_iso_packets, tpriv->isoc_framelist, darwin_async_io_callback,
-							      itransfer);
-
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "isochronous transfer failed (dir: %s): %s", is_read ? "In" : "Out",
-	       darwin_error_str(kresult));
-    free (tpriv->isoc_framelist);
-    tpriv->isoc_framelist = NULL;
-  }
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct libusb_control_setup *setup = (struct libusb_control_setup *) transfer->buffer;
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  struct darwin_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-
-  IOReturn               kresult;
-
-  bzero(&tpriv->req, sizeof(tpriv->req));
-
-  /* IOUSBDeviceInterface expects the request in cpu endianess */
-  tpriv->req.bmRequestType     = setup->bmRequestType;
-  tpriv->req.bRequest          = setup->bRequest;
-  /* these values should be in bus order from libusb_fill_control_setup */
-  tpriv->req.wValue            = OSSwapLittleToHostInt16 (setup->wValue);
-  tpriv->req.wIndex            = OSSwapLittleToHostInt16 (setup->wIndex);
-  tpriv->req.wLength           = OSSwapLittleToHostInt16 (setup->wLength);
-  /* data is stored after the libusb control block */
-  tpriv->req.pData             = transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE;
-  tpriv->req.completionTimeout = transfer->timeout;
-  tpriv->req.noDataTimeout     = transfer->timeout;
-
-  /* all transfers in libusb-1.0 are async */
-  kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->DeviceRequestAsyncTO(dpriv->device, &(tpriv->req), darwin_async_io_callback, itransfer);
-
-  if (kresult != kIOReturnSuccess)
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "control request failed: %s", darwin_error_str(kresult));
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_submit_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-  switch (transfer->type) {
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-    return submit_control_transfer(itransfer);
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-    return submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer);
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-    return submit_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-  default:
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-  }
-}
-
-static int cancel_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_device_priv *dpriv = (struct darwin_device_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->dev->os_priv;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  usbi_info (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "WARNING: aborting all transactions control pipe");
-
-  kresult = (*(dpriv->device))->USBDeviceAbortPipeZero (dpriv->device);
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_abort_transfers (struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->os_priv;
-  struct __darwin_interface *cInterface;
-  uint8_t pipeRef, iface;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-
-  if (ep_to_pipeRef (transfer->dev_handle, transfer->endpoint, &pipeRef, &iface) != 0) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX (transfer), "endpoint not found on any open interface");
-
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-  }
-
-  cInterface = &priv->interfaces[iface];
-
-  usbi_info (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "WARNING: aborting all transactions on interface %d pipe %d", iface, pipeRef);
-
-  /* abort transactions */
-  (*(cInterface->interface))->AbortPipe (cInterface->interface, pipeRef);
-
-  usbi_info (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "calling clear pipe stall to clear the data toggle bit");
-
-  /* clear the data toggle bit */
-#if (InterfaceVersion < 190)
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->ClearPipeStall(cInterface->interface, pipeRef);
-#else
-  /* newer versions of darwin support clearing additional bits on the device's endpoint */
-  kresult = (*(cInterface->interface))->ClearPipeStallBothEnds(cInterface->interface, pipeRef);
-#endif
-
-  return darwin_to_libusb (kresult);
-}
-
-static int darwin_cancel_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-  switch (transfer->type) {
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-    return cancel_control_transfer(itransfer);
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-  case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-    return darwin_abort_transfers (itransfer);
-  default:
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-  }
-}
-
-static void darwin_clear_transfer_priv (struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-
-  if (transfer->type == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS && tpriv->isoc_framelist) {
-    free (tpriv->isoc_framelist);
-    tpriv->isoc_framelist = NULL;
-  }
-}
-
-static void darwin_async_io_callback (void *refcon, IOReturn result, void *arg0) {
-  struct usbi_transfer *itransfer = (struct usbi_transfer *)refcon;
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_device_handle_priv *priv = (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)transfer->dev_handle->os_priv;
-  UInt32 message;
-
-  usbi_info (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "an async io operation has completed");
-
-  /* send a completion message to the device's file descriptor */
-  message = MESSAGE_ASYNC_IO_COMPLETE;
-  write (priv->fds[1], &message, sizeof (message));
-  write (priv->fds[1], &itransfer, sizeof (itransfer));
-  write (priv->fds[1], &result, sizeof (IOReturn));
-  write (priv->fds[1], &arg0, sizeof (UInt32));
-}
-
-static int darwin_transfer_status (struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, kern_return_t result) {
-  switch (result) {
-  case kIOReturnUnderrun:
-  case kIOReturnSuccess:
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
-  case kIOReturnAborted:
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_CANCELLED;
-  case kIOUSBPipeStalled:
-    usbi_warn (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "transfer error: pipe is stalled");
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_STALL;
-  case kIOReturnOverrun:
-    usbi_err (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "transfer error: data overrun");
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_OVERFLOW;
-  case kIOUSBTransactionTimeout:
-    usbi_err (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "transfer error: timed out");
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TIMED_OUT;
-  default:
-    usbi_err (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "transfer error: %s (value = 0x%08x)", darwin_error_str (result), result);
-    return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-  }
-}
-
-static void darwin_handle_callback (struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, kern_return_t result, UInt32 io_size) {
-  struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-  struct darwin_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-  int isIsoc      = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS == transfer->type;
-  int isBulk      = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK == transfer->type;
-  int isControl   = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL == transfer->type;
-  int isInterrupt = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT == transfer->type;
-  int i;
-
-  if (!isIsoc && !isBulk && !isControl && !isInterrupt) {
-    usbi_err (TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-    return;
-  }
-
-  usbi_info (ITRANSFER_CTX (itransfer), "handling %s completion with kernel status %d",
-	     isControl ? "control" : isBulk ? "bulk" : isIsoc ? "isoc" : "interrupt", result);
-
-  if (kIOReturnSuccess == result || kIOReturnUnderrun == result) {
-    if (isIsoc && tpriv->isoc_framelist) {
-      /* copy isochronous results back */
-
-      for (i = 0; i < transfer->num_iso_packets ; i++) {
-	struct libusb_iso_packet_descriptor *lib_desc = &transfer->iso_packet_desc[i];
-	lib_desc->status = darwin_to_libusb (tpriv->isoc_framelist[i].frStatus);
-	lib_desc->actual_length = tpriv->isoc_framelist[i].frActCount;
-      }
-    } else if (!isIsoc)
-      itransfer->transferred += io_size;
-  }
-
-  /* it is ok to handle cancelled transfers without calling usbi_handle_transfer_cancellation (we catch timeout transfers) */
-  usbi_handle_transfer_completion (itransfer, darwin_transfer_status (itransfer, result));
-}
-
-static int op_handle_events(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int num_ready) {
-  struct usbi_transfer *itransfer;
-  UInt32 io_size;
-  IOReturn kresult;
-  int i = 0, ret;
-  UInt32 message;
-
-  usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-  for (i = 0; i < nfds && num_ready > 0; i++) {
-    struct pollfd *pollfd = &fds[i];
-    struct libusb_device_handle *handle;
-    struct darwin_device_handle_priv *hpriv = NULL;
-
-    usbi_info (ctx, "checking fd %i with revents = %x", fds[i], pollfd->revents);
-
-    if (!pollfd->revents)
-      continue;
-
-    num_ready--;
-    list_for_each_entry(handle, &ctx->open_devs, list, struct libusb_device_handle) {
-      hpriv =  (struct darwin_device_handle_priv *)handle->os_priv;
-      if (hpriv->fds[0] == pollfd->fd)
-	break;
-    }
-
-    if (!(pollfd->revents & POLLERR)) {
-      ret = read (hpriv->fds[0], &message, sizeof (message));
-      if (ret < sizeof (message))
-	continue;
-    } else
-      /* could not poll the device-- response is to delete the device (this seems a little heavy-handed) */
-      message = MESSAGE_DEVICE_GONE;
-
-    switch (message) {
-    case MESSAGE_DEVICE_GONE:
-      /* remove the device's async port from the runloop */
-      if (hpriv->cfSource) {
-	if (libusb_darwin_acfl)
-	  CFRunLoopRemoveSource (libusb_darwin_acfl, hpriv->cfSource, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
-	CFRelease (hpriv->cfSource);
-	hpriv->cfSource = NULL;
-      }
-
-      usbi_remove_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(handle), hpriv->fds[0]);
-      usbi_handle_disconnect(handle);
-
-      /* done with this device */
-      continue;
-    case MESSAGE_ASYNC_IO_COMPLETE:
-      read (hpriv->fds[0], &itransfer, sizeof (itransfer));
-      read (hpriv->fds[0], &kresult, sizeof (IOReturn));
-      read (hpriv->fds[0], &io_size, sizeof (UInt32));
-
-      darwin_handle_callback (itransfer, kresult, io_size);
-      break;
-    default:
-      usbi_err (ctx, "unknown message received from device pipe");
-    }
-  }
-
-  usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-static int darwin_clock_gettime(int clk_id, struct timespec *tp) {
-  mach_timespec_t sys_time;
-  clock_serv_t clock_ref;
-
-  switch (clk_id) {
-  case USBI_CLOCK_REALTIME:
-    /* CLOCK_REALTIME represents time since the epoch */
-    host_get_clock_service(mach_host_self(), CALENDAR_CLOCK, &clock_ref);
-    break;
-  case USBI_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
-    /* use system boot time as reference for the monotonic clock */
-    host_get_clock_service(mach_host_self(), SYSTEM_CLOCK, &clock_ref);
-    break;
-  default:
-    return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-  }
-
-  clock_get_time (clock_ref, &sys_time);
-
-  tp->tv_sec  = sys_time.tv_sec;
-  tp->tv_nsec = sys_time.tv_nsec;
-
-  return 0;
-}
-
-const struct usbi_os_backend darwin_backend = {
-	.name = "Darwin",
-	.init = darwin_init,
-	.exit = darwin_exit,
-	.get_device_list = darwin_get_device_list,
-	.get_device_descriptor = darwin_get_device_descriptor,
-	.get_active_config_descriptor = darwin_get_active_config_descriptor,
-	.get_config_descriptor = darwin_get_config_descriptor,
-
-	.open = darwin_open,
-	.close = darwin_close,
-	.get_configuration = darwin_get_configuration,
-	.set_configuration = darwin_set_configuration,
-	.claim_interface = darwin_claim_interface,
-	.release_interface = darwin_release_interface,
-
-	.set_interface_altsetting = darwin_set_interface_altsetting,
-	.clear_halt = darwin_clear_halt,
-	.reset_device = darwin_reset_device,
-
-	.kernel_driver_active = darwin_kernel_driver_active,
-	.detach_kernel_driver = darwin_detach_kernel_driver,
-	.attach_kernel_driver = darwin_attach_kernel_driver,
-
-	.destroy_device = darwin_destroy_device,
-
-	.submit_transfer = darwin_submit_transfer,
-	.cancel_transfer = darwin_cancel_transfer,
-	.clear_transfer_priv = darwin_clear_transfer_priv,
-
-	.handle_events = op_handle_events,
-
-	.clock_gettime = darwin_clock_gettime,
-
-	.device_priv_size = sizeof(struct darwin_device_priv),
-	.device_handle_priv_size = sizeof(struct darwin_device_handle_priv),
-	.transfer_priv_size = sizeof(struct darwin_transfer_priv),
-	.add_iso_packet_size = 0,
-};
-
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.h
deleted file mode 100644
index a71d464..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/darwin_usb.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * darwin backend for libusb 1.0
- * Copyright (C) 2008-2009 Nathan Hjelm <hjelmn@users.sourceforge.net>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#if !defined(LIBUSB_DARWIN_H)
-#define LIBUSB_DARWIN_H
-
-#include "libusbi.h"
-
-#include <IOKit/IOTypes.h>
-#include <IOKit/IOCFBundle.h>
-#include <IOKit/usb/IOUSBLib.h>
-#include <IOKit/IOCFPlugIn.h>
-
-/* IOUSBInterfaceInferface */
-#if defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID300)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface300
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID300
-#define InterfaceVersion 300
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID245)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface245
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID245
-#define InterfaceVersion 245
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID220)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface220
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID220
-#define InterfaceVersion 220
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID197)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface197
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID197
-#define InterfaceVersion 197
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID190)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface190
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID190
-#define InterfaceVersion 190
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID182)
-
-#define usb_interface_t IOUSBInterfaceInterface182
-#define InterfaceInterfaceID kIOUSBInterfaceInterfaceID182
-#define InterfaceVersion 182
-
-#else
-
-#error "IOUSBFamily is too old. Please upgrade your OS"
-
-#endif
-
-/* IOUSBDeviceInterface */
-#if defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID320)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface320
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID320
-#define DeviceVersion 320
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID300)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface300
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID300
-#define DeviceVersion 300
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID245)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface245
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID245
-#define DeviceVersion 245
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID197)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface197
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID197
-#define DeviceVersion 197
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID187)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface187
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID187
-#define DeviceVersion 187
-
-#elif defined (kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID182)
-
-#define usb_device_t    IOUSBDeviceInterface182
-#define DeviceInterfaceID kIOUSBDeviceInterfaceID182
-#define DeviceVersion 182
-
-#else
-
-#error "IOUSBFamily is too old. Please upgrade your OS"
-
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(IO_OBJECT_NULL)
-#define IO_OBJECT_NULL ((io_object_t) 0)
-#endif
-
-typedef IOCFPlugInInterface *io_cf_plugin_ref_t;
-typedef IONotificationPortRef io_notification_port_t;
-
-/* private structures */
-struct darwin_device_priv {
-  IOUSBDeviceDescriptor dev_descriptor;
-  UInt32                location;
-  char                  sys_path[21];
-  usb_device_t        **device;
-  int                   open_count;
-  UInt8                 first_config, active_config;
-};
-
-struct darwin_device_handle_priv {
-  int                  is_open;
-  CFRunLoopSourceRef   cfSource;
-  int                  fds[2];
-
-  struct __darwin_interface {
-    usb_interface_t    **interface;
-    uint8_t              num_endpoints;
-    CFRunLoopSourceRef   cfSource;
-    uint8_t            endpoint_addrs[USB_MAXENDPOINTS];
-  } interfaces[USB_MAXINTERFACES];
-};
-
-struct darwin_transfer_priv {
-  /* Isoc */
-  IOUSBIsocFrame *isoc_framelist;
-
-  /* Control */
-#if !defined (LIBUSB_NO_TIMEOUT_DEVICE)
-  IOUSBDevRequestTO req;
-#else
-  IOUSBDevRequest req;
-#endif
-
-  /* Bulk */
-};
-
-enum {
-  MESSAGE_DEVICE_GONE,
-  MESSAGE_ASYNC_IO_COMPLETE
-};
-
-
-
-#endif
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.c b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5c2a6e8..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2220 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Linux usbfs backend for libusb
- * Copyright (C) 2007-2009 Daniel Drake <dsd@gentoo.org>
- * Copyright (c) 2001 Johannes Erdfelt <johannes@erdfelt.com>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#include <config.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <poll.h>
-#include <pthread.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <string.h>
-#include <sys/ioctl.h>
-#include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-#include <sys/utsname.h>
-#include <unistd.h>
-
-#include "libusb.h"
-#include "libusbi.h"
-#include "linux_usbfs.h"
-
-/* sysfs vs usbfs:
- * opening a usbfs node causes the device to be resumed, so we attempt to
- * avoid this during enumeration.
- *
- * sysfs allows us to read the kernel's in-memory copies of device descriptors
- * and so forth, avoiding the need to open the device:
- *  - The binary "descriptors" file was added in 2.6.23.
- *  - The "busnum" file was added in 2.6.22
- *  - The "devnum" file has been present since pre-2.6.18
- *  - the "bConfigurationValue" file has been present since pre-2.6.18
- *
- * If we have bConfigurationValue, busnum, and devnum, then we can determine
- * the active configuration without having to open the usbfs node in RDWR mode.
- * We assume this is the case if we see the busnum file (indicates 2.6.22+).
- * The busnum file is important as that is the only way we can relate sysfs
- * devices to usbfs nodes.
- *
- * If we also have descriptors, we can obtain the device descriptor and active 
- * configuration without touching usbfs at all.
- *
- * The descriptors file originally only contained the active configuration
- * descriptor alongside the device descriptor, but all configurations are
- * included as of Linux 2.6.26.
- */
-
-/* endianness for multi-byte fields:
- *
- * Descriptors exposed by usbfs have the multi-byte fields in the device
- * descriptor as host endian. Multi-byte fields in the other descriptors are
- * bus-endian. The kernel documentation says otherwise, but it is wrong.
- */
-
-static const char *usbfs_path = NULL;
-
-/* Linux 2.6.32 adds support for a bulk continuation URB flag. this basically
- * allows us to mark URBs as being part of a specific logical transfer when
- * we submit them to the kernel. then, on any error error except a
- * cancellation, all URBs within that transfer will be cancelled with the
- * endpoint is disabled, meaning that no more data can creep in during the
- * time it takes to cancel the remaining URBs.
- *
- * The BULK_CONTINUATION flag must be set on all URBs within a bulk transfer
- * (in either direction) except the first.
- * For IN transfers, we must also set SHORT_NOT_OK on all the URBs.
- * For OUT transfers, SHORT_NOT_OK must not be set. The effective behaviour
- * (where an OUT transfer does not complete, the rest of the URBs in the
- * transfer get cancelled) is already in effect, and setting this flag is
- * disallowed (a kernel with USB debugging enabled will reject such URBs).
- */
-static int supports_flag_bulk_continuation = -1;
-
-/* clock ID for monotonic clock, as not all clock sources are available on all
- * systems. appropriate choice made at initialization time. */
-static clockid_t monotonic_clkid = -1;
-
-/* do we have a busnum to relate devices? this also implies that we can read
- * the active configuration through bConfigurationValue */
-static int sysfs_can_relate_devices = -1;
-
-/* do we have a descriptors file? */
-static int sysfs_has_descriptors = -1;
-
-struct linux_device_priv {
-	char *sysfs_dir;
-	unsigned char *dev_descriptor;
-	unsigned char *config_descriptor;
-};
-
-struct linux_device_handle_priv {
-	int fd;
-};
-
-enum reap_action {
-	NORMAL = 0,
-	/* submission failed after the first URB, so await cancellation/completion
-	 * of all the others */
-	SUBMIT_FAILED,
-
-	/* cancelled by user or timeout */
-	CANCELLED,
-
-	/* completed multi-URB transfer in non-final URB */
-	COMPLETED_EARLY,
-
-	/* one or more urbs encountered a low-level error */
-	ERROR,
-};
-
-struct linux_transfer_priv {
-	union {
-		struct usbfs_urb *urbs;
-		struct usbfs_urb **iso_urbs;
-	};
-
-	enum reap_action reap_action;
-	int num_urbs;
-	unsigned int num_retired;
-	enum libusb_transfer_status reap_status;
-
-	/* next iso packet in user-supplied transfer to be populated */
-	int iso_packet_offset;
-};
-
-static void __get_usbfs_path(struct libusb_device *dev, char *path)
-{
-	snprintf(path, PATH_MAX, "%s/%03d/%03d", usbfs_path, dev->bus_number,
-		dev->device_address);
-}
-
-static struct linux_device_priv *__device_priv(struct libusb_device *dev)
-{
-	return (struct linux_device_priv *) dev->os_priv;
-}
-
-static struct linux_device_handle_priv *__device_handle_priv(
-	struct libusb_device_handle *handle)
-{
-	return (struct linux_device_handle_priv *) handle->os_priv;
-}
-
-static int check_usb_vfs(const char *dirname)
-{
-	DIR *dir;
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	int found = 0;
-
-	dir = opendir(dirname);
-	if (!dir)
-		return 0;
-
-	while ((entry = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-		if (entry->d_name[0] == '.')
-			continue;
-
-		/* We assume if we find any files that it must be the right place */
-		found = 1;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	closedir(dir);
-	return found;
-}
-
-static const char *find_usbfs_path(void)
-{
-	const char *path = "/dev/bus/usb";
-	const char *ret = NULL;
-
-	if (check_usb_vfs(path)) {
-		ret = path;
-	} else {
-		path = "/proc/bus/usb";
-		if (check_usb_vfs(path))
-			ret = path;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("found usbfs at %s", ret);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-/* the monotonic clock is not usable on all systems (e.g. embedded ones often
- * seem to lack it). fall back to REALTIME if we have to. */
-static clockid_t find_monotonic_clock(void)
-{
-	struct timespec ts;
-	int r;
-
-#ifdef CLOCK_MONOTONIC
-	/* Linux 2.6.28 adds CLOCK_MONOTONIC_RAW but we don't use it
-	 * because it's not available through timerfd */
-	r = clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts);
-	if (r == 0)
-		return CLOCK_MONOTONIC;
-	usbi_dbg("monotonic clock doesn't work, errno %d", errno);
-#endif
-
-	return CLOCK_REALTIME;
-}
-
-/* bulk continuation URB flag available from Linux 2.6.32 */
-static int check_flag_bulk_continuation(void)
-{
-	struct utsname uts;
-	int sublevel;
-
-	if (uname(&uts) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	if (strlen(uts.release) < 4)
-		return 0;
-	if (strncmp(uts.release, "2.6.", 4) != 0)
-		return 0;
-
-	sublevel = atoi(uts.release + 4);
-	return sublevel >= 32;
-}
-
-static int op_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
-{
-	struct stat statbuf;
-	int r;
-
-	usbfs_path = find_usbfs_path();
-	if (!usbfs_path) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "could not find usbfs");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	if (monotonic_clkid == -1)
-		monotonic_clkid = find_monotonic_clock();
-
-	if (supports_flag_bulk_continuation == -1) {
-		supports_flag_bulk_continuation = check_flag_bulk_continuation();
-		if (supports_flag_bulk_continuation == -1) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "error checking for bulk continuation support");
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (supports_flag_bulk_continuation)
-		usbi_dbg("bulk continuation flag supported");
-
-	r = stat(SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH, &statbuf);
-	if (r == 0 && S_ISDIR(statbuf.st_mode)) {
-		usbi_dbg("found usb devices in sysfs");
-	} else {
-		usbi_dbg("sysfs usb info not available");
-		sysfs_has_descriptors = 0;
-		sysfs_can_relate_devices = 0;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int usbfs_get_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-
-	/* return cached copy */
-	memcpy(buffer, priv->dev_descriptor, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int __open_sysfs_attr(struct libusb_device *dev, const char *attr)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	int fd;
-
-	snprintf(filename, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s/%s",
-		SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH, priv->sysfs_dir, attr);
-	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev),
-			"open %s failed ret=%d errno=%d", filename, fd, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return fd;
-}
-
-static int sysfs_get_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer)
-{
-	int fd;
-	ssize_t r;
-
-	/* sysfs provides access to an in-memory copy of the device descriptor,
-	 * so we use that rather than keeping our own copy */
-
-	fd = __open_sysfs_attr(dev, "descriptors");
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return fd;
-
-	r = read(fd, buffer, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);;
-	close(fd);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "read failed, ret=%d errno=%d", fd, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (r < DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "short read %d/%d", r, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_get_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer, int *host_endian)
-{
-	if (sysfs_has_descriptors) {
-		return sysfs_get_device_descriptor(dev, buffer);
-	} else {
-		*host_endian = 1;
-		return usbfs_get_device_descriptor(dev, buffer);
-	}
-}
-
-static int usbfs_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer, size_t len)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	if (!priv->config_descriptor)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND; /* device is unconfigured */
-
-	/* retrieve cached copy */
-	memcpy(buffer, priv->config_descriptor, len);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* read the bConfigurationValue for a device */
-static int sysfs_get_active_config(struct libusb_device *dev, int *config)
-{
-	char *endptr;
-	char tmp[4] = {0, 0, 0, 0};
-	long num;
-	int fd;
-	size_t r;
-
-	fd = __open_sysfs_attr(dev, "bConfigurationValue");
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return fd;
-
-	r = read(fd, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
-	close(fd);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), 
-			"read bConfigurationValue failed ret=%d errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (r == 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "device unconfigured");
-		*config = -1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (tmp[sizeof(tmp) - 1] != 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "not null-terminated?");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (tmp[0] == 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "no configuration value?");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	num = strtol(tmp, &endptr, 10);
-	if (endptr == tmp) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "error converting '%s' to integer", tmp);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	*config = (int) num;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* takes a usbfs/descriptors fd seeked to the start of a configuration, and
- * seeks to the next one. */
-static int seek_to_next_config(struct libusb_context *ctx, int fd,
-	int host_endian)
-{
-	struct libusb_config_descriptor config;
-	unsigned char tmp[6];
-	off_t off;
-	int r;
-
-	/* read first 6 bytes of descriptor */
-	r = read(fd, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "read failed ret=%d errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (r < sizeof(tmp)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "short descriptor read %d/%d", r, sizeof(tmp));
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	/* seek forward to end of config */
-	usbi_parse_descriptor(tmp, "bbwbb", &config, host_endian);
-	off = lseek(fd, config.wTotalLength - sizeof(tmp), SEEK_CUR);
-	if (off < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "seek failed ret=%d errno=%d", off, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int sysfs_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer, size_t len)
-{
-	int fd;
-	ssize_t r;
-	off_t off;
-	int to_copy;
-	int config;
-	unsigned char tmp[6];
-
-	r = sysfs_get_active_config(dev, &config);
-	if (r < 0)
-		return r;
-	if (config == -1)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	usbi_dbg("active configuration %d", config);
-
-	/* sysfs provides access to an in-memory copy of the device descriptor,
-	 * so we use that rather than keeping our own copy */
-
-	fd = __open_sysfs_attr(dev, "descriptors");
-	if (fd < 0)
-		return fd;
-
-	/* device might have been unconfigured since we read bConfigurationValue,
-	 * so first check that there is any config descriptor data at all... */
-	off = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_END);
-	if (off < 1) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "end seek failed, ret=%d errno=%d",
-			off, errno);
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (off == DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH) {
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	off = lseek(fd, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH, SEEK_SET);
-	if (off < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "seek failed, ret=%d errno=%d", off, errno);
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	/* unbounded loop: we expect the descriptor to be present under all
-	 * circumstances */
-	while (1) {
-		r = read(fd, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
-		if (r < 0) {
-			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "read failed, ret=%d errno=%d",
-				fd, errno);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		} else if (r < sizeof(tmp)) {
-			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "short read %d/%d", r, sizeof(tmp));
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-
-		/* check bConfigurationValue */
-		if (tmp[5] == config)
-			break;
-
-		/* try the next descriptor */
-		off = lseek(fd, 0 - sizeof(tmp), SEEK_CUR);
-		if (off < 0)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-
-		r = seek_to_next_config(DEVICE_CTX(dev), fd, 0);
-		if (r < 0)
-			return r;
-	}
-
-	to_copy = (len < sizeof(tmp)) ? len : sizeof(tmp);
-	memcpy(buffer, tmp, to_copy);
-	if (len > sizeof(tmp)) {
-		r = read(fd, buffer + sizeof(tmp), len - sizeof(tmp));
-		if (r < 0) {
-			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "read failed, ret=%d errno=%d",
-				fd, errno);
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		} else if (r == 0) {
-			usbi_dbg("device is unconfigured");
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		} else if (r < len - sizeof(tmp)) {
-			usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "short read %d/%d", r, len);
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-	} else {
-		r = 0;
-	}
-
-	close(fd);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int op_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian)
-{
-	if (sysfs_has_descriptors) {
-		return sysfs_get_active_config_descriptor(dev, buffer, len);
-	} else {
-		return usbfs_get_active_config_descriptor(dev, buffer, len);
-	}
-}
-
-/* takes a usbfs fd, attempts to find the requested config and copy a certain
- * amount of it into an output buffer. */
-static int get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_context *ctx, int fd,
-	uint8_t config_index, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len)
-{
-	off_t off;
-	ssize_t r;
-
-	off = lseek(fd, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH, SEEK_SET);
-	if (off < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "seek failed ret=%d errno=%d", off, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	/* might need to skip some configuration descriptors to reach the
-	 * requested configuration */
-	while (config_index > 0) {
-		r = seek_to_next_config(ctx, fd, 1);
-		if (r < 0)
-			return r;
-		config_index--;
-	}
-
-	/* read the rest of the descriptor */
-	r = read(fd, buffer, len);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "read failed ret=%d errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (r < len) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "short output read %d/%d", r, len);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev,
-	uint8_t config_index, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian)
-{
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	int fd;
-	int r;
-
-	/* always read from usbfs: sysfs only has the active descriptor
-	 * this will involve waking the device up, but oh well! */
-
-	/* FIXME: the above is no longer true, new kernels have all descriptors
-	 * in the descriptors file. but its kinda hard to detect if the kernel
-	 * is sufficiently new. */
-
-	__get_usbfs_path(dev, filename);
-	fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev),
-			"open '%s' failed, ret=%d errno=%d", filename, fd, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	r = get_config_descriptor(DEVICE_CTX(dev), fd, config_index, buffer, len);
-	close(fd);
-	return r;
-}
-
-/* cache the active config descriptor in memory. a value of -1 means that
- * we aren't sure which one is active, so just assume the first one. 
- * only for usbfs. */
-static int cache_active_config(struct libusb_device *dev, int fd,
-	int active_config)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	struct libusb_config_descriptor config;
-	unsigned char tmp[8];
-	unsigned char *buf;
-	int idx;
-	int r;
-
-	if (active_config == -1) {
-		idx = 0;
-	} else {
-		r = usbi_get_config_index_by_value(dev, active_config, &idx);
-		if (r < 0)
-			return r;
-		if (idx == -1)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	r = get_config_descriptor(DEVICE_CTX(dev), fd, idx, tmp, sizeof(tmp));
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "first read error %d", r);
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	usbi_parse_descriptor(tmp, "bbw", &config, 0);
-	buf = malloc(config.wTotalLength);
-	if (!buf)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-
-	r = get_config_descriptor(DEVICE_CTX(dev), fd, idx, buf,
-		config.wTotalLength);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		free(buf);
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	if (priv->config_descriptor)
-		free(priv->config_descriptor);
-	priv->config_descriptor = buf;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* send a control message to retrieve active configuration */
-static int usbfs_get_active_config(struct libusb_device *dev, int fd)
-{
-	unsigned char active_config = 0;
-	int r;
-
-	struct usbfs_ctrltransfer ctrl = {
-		.bmRequestType = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN,
-		.bRequest = LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_CONFIGURATION,
-		.wValue = 0,
-		.wIndex = 0,
-		.wLength = 1,
-		.timeout = 1000,
-		.data = &active_config
-	};
-
-	r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_CONTROL, &ctrl);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		/* we hit this error path frequently with buggy devices :( */
-		usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev),
-			"get_configuration failed ret=%d errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return active_config;
-}
-
-static int initialize_device(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t busnum,
-	uint8_t devaddr, const char *sysfs_dir)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	unsigned char *dev_buf;
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
-	int fd;
-	int active_config = 0;
-	int device_configured = 1;
-	ssize_t r;
-
-	dev->bus_number = busnum;
-	dev->device_address = devaddr;
-
-	if (sysfs_dir) {
-		priv->sysfs_dir = malloc(strlen(sysfs_dir) + 1);
-		if (!priv->sysfs_dir)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-		strcpy(priv->sysfs_dir, sysfs_dir);
-	}
-
-	if (sysfs_has_descriptors)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* cache device descriptor in memory so that we can retrieve it later
-	 * without waking the device up (op_get_device_descriptor) */
-
-	priv->dev_descriptor = NULL;
-	priv->config_descriptor = NULL;
-
-	if (sysfs_can_relate_devices) {
-		int tmp = sysfs_get_active_config(dev, &active_config);
-		if (tmp < 0)
-			return tmp;
-		if (active_config == -1)
-			device_configured = 0;
-	}
-
-	__get_usbfs_path(dev, path);
-	fd = open(path, O_RDWR);
-	if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES) {
-		fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
-		/* if we only have read-only access to the device, we cannot
-		 * send a control message to determine the active config. just
-		 * assume the first one is active. */
-		active_config = -1;
-	}
-
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "open failed, ret=%d errno=%d", fd, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	if (!sysfs_can_relate_devices) {
-		if (active_config == -1) {
-			/* if we only have read-only access to the device, we cannot
-			 * send a control message to determine the active config. just
-			 * assume the first one is active. */
-			usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "access to %s is read-only; cannot "
-				"determine active configuration descriptor", path);
-		} else {
-			active_config = usbfs_get_active_config(dev, fd);
-			if (active_config == LIBUSB_ERROR_IO) {
-				/* buggy devices sometimes fail to report their active config.
-				 * assume unconfigured and continue the probing */
-				usbi_warn(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "couldn't query active "
-					"configuration, assumung unconfigured");
-				device_configured = 0;
-			} else if (active_config < 0) {
-				close(fd);
-				return active_config;
-			} else if (active_config == 0) {
-				/* some buggy devices have a configuration 0, but we're
-				 * reaching into the corner of a corner case here, so let's
-				 * not support buggy devices in these circumstances.
-				 * stick to the specs: a configuration value of 0 means
-				 * unconfigured. */
-				usbi_dbg("active cfg 0? assuming unconfigured device");
-				device_configured = 0;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	dev_buf = malloc(DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-	if (!dev_buf) {
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	r = read(fd, dev_buf, DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev),
-			"read descriptor failed ret=%d errno=%d", fd, errno);
-		free(dev_buf);
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	} else if (r < DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH) {
-		usbi_err(DEVICE_CTX(dev), "short descriptor read (%d)", r);
-		free(dev_buf);
-		close(fd);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	/* bit of a hack: set num_configurations now because cache_active_config()
-	 * calls usbi_get_config_index_by_value() which uses it */
-	dev->num_configurations = dev_buf[DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH - 1];
-
-	if (device_configured) {
-		r = cache_active_config(dev, fd, active_config);
-		if (r < 0) {
-			close(fd);
-			free(dev_buf);
-			return r;
-		}
-	}
-
-	close(fd);
-	priv->dev_descriptor = dev_buf;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int enumerate_device(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs, uint8_t busnum, uint8_t devaddr,
-	const char *sysfs_dir)
-{
-	struct discovered_devs *discdevs;
-	unsigned long session_id;
-	int need_unref = 0;
-	struct libusb_device *dev;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	/* FIXME: session ID is not guaranteed unique as addresses can wrap and
-	 * will be reused. instead we should add a simple sysfs attribute with
-	 * a session ID. */
-	session_id = busnum << 8 | devaddr;
-	usbi_dbg("busnum %d devaddr %d session_id %ld", busnum, devaddr,
-		session_id);
-
-	dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, session_id);
-	if (dev) {
-		usbi_dbg("using existing device for %d/%d (session %ld)",
-			busnum, devaddr, session_id);
-	} else {
-		usbi_dbg("allocating new device for %d/%d (session %ld)",
-			busnum, devaddr, session_id);
-		dev = usbi_alloc_device(ctx, session_id);
-		if (!dev)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-		need_unref = 1;
-		r = initialize_device(dev, busnum, devaddr, sysfs_dir);
-		if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-		r = usbi_sanitize_device(dev);
-		if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-	discdevs = discovered_devs_append(*_discdevs, dev);
-	if (!discdevs)
-		r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	else
-		*_discdevs = discdevs;
-
-out:
-	if (need_unref)
-		libusb_unref_device(dev);
-	return r;
-}
-
-/* open a bus directory and adds all discovered devices to discdevs. on
- * failure (non-zero return) the pre-existing discdevs should be destroyed
- * (and devices freed). on success, the new discdevs pointer should be used
- * as it may have been moved. */
-static int usbfs_scan_busdir(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs, uint8_t busnum)
-{
-	DIR *dir;
-	char dirpath[PATH_MAX];
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	struct discovered_devs *discdevs = *_discdevs;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	snprintf(dirpath, PATH_MAX, "%s/%03d", usbfs_path, busnum);
-	usbi_dbg("%s", dirpath);
-	dir = opendir(dirpath);
-	if (!dir) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "opendir '%s' failed, errno=%d", dirpath, errno);
-		/* FIXME: should handle valid race conditions like hub unplugged
-		 * during directory iteration - this is not an error */
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	while ((entry = readdir(dir))) {
-		int devaddr;
-
-		if (entry->d_name[0] == '.')
-			continue;
-
-		devaddr = atoi(entry->d_name);
-		if (devaddr == 0) {
-			usbi_dbg("unknown dir entry %s", entry->d_name);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		r = enumerate_device(ctx, &discdevs, busnum, (uint8_t) devaddr, NULL);
-		if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-	*_discdevs = discdevs;
-out:
-	closedir(dir);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int usbfs_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs)
-{
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	DIR *buses = opendir(usbfs_path);
-	struct discovered_devs *discdevs = *_discdevs;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	if (!buses) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "opendir buses failed errno=%d", errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	while ((entry = readdir(buses))) {
-		struct discovered_devs *discdevs_new = discdevs;
-		int busnum;
-
-		if (entry->d_name[0] == '.')
-			continue;
-
-		busnum = atoi(entry->d_name);
-		if (busnum == 0) {
-			usbi_dbg("unknown dir entry %s", entry->d_name);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		r = usbfs_scan_busdir(ctx, &discdevs_new, busnum);
-		if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-		discdevs = discdevs_new;
-	}
-
-out:
-	closedir(buses);
-	*_discdevs = discdevs;
-	return r;
-
-}
-
-static int sysfs_scan_device(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs, const char *devname,
-	int *usbfs_fallback)
-{
-	int r;
-	FILE *fd;
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-	int busnum;
-	int devaddr;
-
-	usbi_dbg("scan %s", devname);
-
-	/* determine descriptors presence ahead of time, we need to know this
-	 * when we reach initialize_device */
-	if (sysfs_has_descriptors == -1) {
-		struct stat statbuf;
-
-		snprintf(filename, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s/descriptors", SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH,
-			devname);
-		r = stat(filename, &statbuf);
-		if (r == 0 && S_ISREG(statbuf.st_mode)) {
-			usbi_dbg("sysfs descriptors available");
-			sysfs_has_descriptors = 1;
-		} else {
-			usbi_dbg("sysfs descriptors not available");
-			sysfs_has_descriptors = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	snprintf(filename, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s/busnum", SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH, devname);
-	fd = fopen(filename, "r");
-	if (!fd) {
-		if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			usbi_dbg("busnum not found, cannot relate sysfs to usbfs, "
-				"falling back on pure usbfs");
-			sysfs_can_relate_devices = 0;
-			*usbfs_fallback = 1;
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-		}
-		usbi_err(ctx, "open busnum failed, errno=%d", errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	sysfs_can_relate_devices = 1;
-
-	r = fscanf(fd, "%d", &busnum);
-	fclose(fd);
-	if (r != 1) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "fscanf busnum returned %d, errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	snprintf(filename, PATH_MAX, "%s/%s/devnum", SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH, devname);
-	fd = fopen(filename, "r");
-	if (!fd) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "open devnum failed, errno=%d", errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	r = fscanf(fd, "%d", &devaddr);
-	fclose(fd);
-	if (r != 1) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "fscanf devnum returned %d, errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("bus=%d dev=%d", busnum, devaddr);
-	if (busnum > 255 || devaddr > 255)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	return enumerate_device(ctx, _discdevs, busnum & 0xff, devaddr & 0xff,
-		devname);
-}
-
-static int sysfs_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs, int *usbfs_fallback)
-{
-	struct discovered_devs *discdevs = *_discdevs;
-	DIR *devices = opendir(SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH);
-	struct dirent *entry;
-	int r = 0;
-
-	if (!devices) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "opendir devices failed errno=%d", errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	while ((entry = readdir(devices))) {
-		struct discovered_devs *discdevs_new = discdevs;
-
-		if ((!isdigit(entry->d_name[0]) && strncmp(entry->d_name, "usb", 3))
-				|| strchr(entry->d_name, ':'))
-			continue;
-
-		r = sysfs_scan_device(ctx, &discdevs_new, entry->d_name,
-			usbfs_fallback);
-		if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-		discdevs = discdevs_new;
-	}	
-
-out:
-	closedir(devices);
-	*_discdevs = discdevs;
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int op_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct discovered_devs **_discdevs)
-{
-	/* we can retrieve device list and descriptors from sysfs or usbfs.
-	 * sysfs is preferable, because if we use usbfs we end up resuming
-	 * any autosuspended USB devices. however, sysfs is not available
-	 * everywhere, so we need a usbfs fallback too.
-	 *
-	 * as described in the "sysfs vs usbfs" comment, sometimes we have
-	 * sysfs but not enough information to relate sysfs devices to usbfs
-	 * nodes. the usbfs_fallback variable is used to indicate that we should
-	 * fall back on usbfs.
-	 */
-	if (sysfs_can_relate_devices != 0) {
-		int usbfs_fallback = 0;
-		int r = sysfs_get_device_list(ctx, _discdevs, &usbfs_fallback);
-		if (!usbfs_fallback)
-			return r;
-	}
-
-	return usbfs_get_device_list(ctx, _discdevs);
-}
-
-static int op_open(struct libusb_device_handle *handle)
-{
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *hpriv = __device_handle_priv(handle);
-	char filename[PATH_MAX];
-
-	__get_usbfs_path(handle->dev, filename);
-	hpriv->fd = open(filename, O_RDWR);
-	if (hpriv->fd < 0) {
-		if (errno == EACCES) {
-			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle), "libusb couldn't open USB device %s: "
-				"Permission denied.", filename);
-			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-				"libusb requires write access to USB device nodes.");
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-		} else if (errno == ENOENT) {
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-		} else {
-			usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-				"open failed, code %d errno %d", hpriv->fd, errno);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return usbi_add_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(handle), hpriv->fd, POLLOUT);
-}
-
-static void op_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle)->fd;
-	usbi_remove_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(dev_handle), fd);
-	close(fd);
-}
-
-static int op_get_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
-	int *config)
-{
-	int r;
-	if (sysfs_can_relate_devices != 1)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-
-	r = sysfs_get_active_config(handle->dev, config);
-	if (*config == -1)
-		*config = 0;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_set_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int config)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(handle->dev);
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	int r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_SETCONFIG, &config);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == EINVAL)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == EBUSY)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle), "failed, error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	if (!sysfs_has_descriptors) {
-		/* update our cached active config descriptor */
-		if (config == -1) {
-			if (priv->config_descriptor) {
-				free(priv->config_descriptor);
-				priv->config_descriptor = NULL;
-			}
-		} else {
-			r = cache_active_config(handle->dev, fd, config);
-			if (r < 0)
-				usbi_warn(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-					"failed to update cached config descriptor, error %d", r);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int iface)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	int r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_CLAIMINTF, &iface);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENOENT)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == EBUSY)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"claim interface failed, error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int iface)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	int r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_RELEASEINTF, &iface);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"release interface failed, error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_set_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *handle, int iface,
-	int altsetting)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	struct usbfs_setinterface setintf;
-	int r;
-
-	setintf.interface = iface;
-	setintf.altsetting = altsetting;
-	r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_SETINTF, &setintf);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == EINVAL)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"setintf failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
-	unsigned char endpoint)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	unsigned int _endpoint = endpoint;
-	int r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_CLEAR_HALT, &_endpoint);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENOENT)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"clear_halt failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *handle)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	int r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_RESET, NULL);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"reset failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_kernel_driver_active(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
-	int interface)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	struct usbfs_getdriver getdrv;
-	int r;
-
-	getdrv.interface = interface;
-	r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_GETDRIVER, &getdrv);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENODATA)
-			return 0;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"get driver failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int op_detach_kernel_driver(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
-	int interface)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	struct usbfs_ioctl command;
-	int r;
-
-	command.ifno = interface;
-	command.ioctl_code = IOCTL_USBFS_DISCONNECT;
-	command.data = NULL;
-
-	r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_IOCTL, &command);
-	if (r) {
-		if (errno == ENODATA)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == EINVAL)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"detach failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_attach_kernel_driver(struct libusb_device_handle *handle,
-	int interface)
-{
-	int fd = __device_handle_priv(handle)->fd;
-	struct usbfs_ioctl command;
-	int r;
-
-	command.ifno = interface;
-	command.ioctl_code = IOCTL_USBFS_CONNECT;
-	command.data = NULL;
-
-	r = ioctl(fd, IOCTL_USBFS_IOCTL, &command);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		if (errno == ENODATA)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		else if (errno == EINVAL)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-		else if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-		else if (errno == EBUSY)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle),
-			"attach failed error %d errno %d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	} else if (r == 0) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void op_destroy_device(struct libusb_device *dev)
-{
-	struct linux_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	if (!sysfs_has_descriptors) {
-		if (priv->dev_descriptor)
-			free(priv->dev_descriptor);
-		if (priv->config_descriptor)
-			free(priv->config_descriptor);
-	}
-	if (priv->sysfs_dir)
-		free(priv->sysfs_dir);
-}
-
-static void free_iso_urbs(struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < tpriv->num_urbs; i++) {
-		struct usbfs_urb *urb = tpriv->iso_urbs[i];
-		if (!urb)
-			break;
-		free(urb);
-	}
-
-	free(tpriv->iso_urbs);
-	tpriv->iso_urbs = NULL;
-}
-
-static int submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer,
-	unsigned char urb_type)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct usbfs_urb *urbs;
-	int is_out = (transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_DIR_MASK)
-		== LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT;
-	int r;
-	int i;
-	size_t alloc_size;
-
-	if (tpriv->urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-
-	/* usbfs places a 16kb limit on bulk URBs. we divide up larger requests
-	 * into smaller units to meet such restriction, then fire off all the
-	 * units at once. it would be simpler if we just fired one unit at a time,
-	 * but there is a big performance gain through doing it this way. */
-	int num_urbs = transfer->length / MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH;
-	int last_urb_partial = 0;
-
-	if (transfer->length == 0) {
-		num_urbs = 1;
-	} else if ((transfer->length % MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH) > 0) {
-		last_urb_partial = 1;
-		num_urbs++;
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("need %d urbs for new transfer with length %d", num_urbs,
-		transfer->length);
-	alloc_size = num_urbs * sizeof(struct usbfs_urb);
-	urbs = malloc(alloc_size);
-	if (!urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	memset(urbs, 0, alloc_size);
-	tpriv->urbs = urbs;
-	tpriv->num_urbs = num_urbs;
-	tpriv->num_retired = 0;
-	tpriv->reap_action = NORMAL;
-	tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < num_urbs; i++) {
-		struct usbfs_urb *urb = &urbs[i];
-		urb->usercontext = itransfer;
-		urb->type = urb_type;
-		urb->endpoint = transfer->endpoint;
-		urb->buffer = transfer->buffer + (i * MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH);
-		if (supports_flag_bulk_continuation && !is_out)
-			urb->flags = USBFS_URB_SHORT_NOT_OK;
-		if (i == num_urbs - 1 && last_urb_partial)
-			urb->buffer_length = transfer->length % MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH;
-		else if (transfer->length == 0)
-			urb->buffer_length = 0;
-		else
-			urb->buffer_length = MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH;
-
-		if (i > 0 && supports_flag_bulk_continuation)
-			urb->flags |= USBFS_URB_BULK_CONTINUATION;
-
-		r = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_SUBMITURB, urb);
-		if (r < 0) {
-			int j;
-
-			if (errno == ENODEV) {
-				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-			} else {
-				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-					"submiturb failed error %d errno=%d", r, errno);
-				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-			}
-	
-			/* if the first URB submission fails, we can simply free up and
-			 * return failure immediately. */
-			if (i == 0) {
-				usbi_dbg("first URB failed, easy peasy");
-				free(urbs);
-				tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-				return r;
-			}
-
-			/* if it's not the first URB that failed, the situation is a bit
-			 * tricky. we may need to discard all previous URBs. there are
-			 * complications:
-			 *  - discarding is asynchronous - discarded urbs will be reaped
-			 *    later. the user must not have freed the transfer when the
-			 *    discarded URBs are reaped, otherwise libusb will be using
-			 *    freed memory.
-			 *  - the earlier URBs may have completed successfully and we do
-			 *    not want to throw away any data.
-			 *  - this URB failing may be no error; EREMOTEIO means that
-			 *    this transfer simply didn't need all the URBs we submitted
-			 * so, we report that the transfer was submitted successfully and
-			 * in case of error we discard all previous URBs. later when
-			 * the final reap completes we can report error to the user,
-			 * or success if an earlier URB was completed successfully.
-			 */
-			tpriv->reap_action = EREMOTEIO == errno ? COMPLETED_EARLY : SUBMIT_FAILED;
-
-			/* The URBs we haven't submitted yet we count as already
-			 * retired. */
-			tpriv->num_retired += num_urbs - i;
-
-			/* If we completed short then don't try to discard. */
-			if (COMPLETED_EARLY == tpriv->reap_action)
-				return 0;
-
-			for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
-				int tmp = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, &urbs[j]);
-				if (tmp && errno != EINVAL)
-					usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-						"unrecognised discard errno %d", errno);
-			}
-
-			usbi_dbg("reporting successful submission but waiting for %d "
-				"discards before reporting error", i);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct usbfs_urb **urbs;
-	size_t alloc_size;
-	int num_packets = transfer->num_iso_packets;
-	int i;
-	int this_urb_len = 0;
-	int num_urbs = 1;
-	int packet_offset = 0;
-	unsigned int packet_len;
-	unsigned char *urb_buffer = transfer->buffer;
-
-	if (tpriv->iso_urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-
-	/* usbfs places a 32kb limit on iso URBs. we divide up larger requests
-	 * into smaller units to meet such restriction, then fire off all the
-	 * units at once. it would be simpler if we just fired one unit at a time,
-	 * but there is a big performance gain through doing it this way. */
-
-	/* calculate how many URBs we need */
-	for (i = 0; i < num_packets; i++) {
-		int space_remaining = MAX_ISO_BUFFER_LENGTH - this_urb_len;
-		packet_len = transfer->iso_packet_desc[i].length;
-
-		if (packet_len > space_remaining) {
-			num_urbs++;
-			this_urb_len = packet_len;
-		} else {
-			this_urb_len += packet_len;
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("need %d 32k URBs for transfer", num_urbs);
-
-	alloc_size = num_urbs * sizeof(*urbs);
-	urbs = malloc(alloc_size);
-	if (!urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	memset(urbs, 0, alloc_size);
-
-	tpriv->iso_urbs = urbs;
-	tpriv->num_urbs = num_urbs;
-	tpriv->num_retired = 0;
-	tpriv->reap_action = NORMAL;
-	tpriv->iso_packet_offset = 0;
-
-	/* allocate + initialize each URB with the correct number of packets */
-	for (i = 0; i < num_urbs; i++) {
-		struct usbfs_urb *urb;
-		int space_remaining_in_urb = MAX_ISO_BUFFER_LENGTH;
-		int urb_packet_offset = 0;
-		unsigned char *urb_buffer_orig = urb_buffer;
-		int j;
-		int k;
-
-		/* swallow up all the packets we can fit into this URB */
-		while (packet_offset < transfer->num_iso_packets) {
-			packet_len = transfer->iso_packet_desc[packet_offset].length;
-			if (packet_len <= space_remaining_in_urb) {
-				/* throw it in */
-				urb_packet_offset++;
-				packet_offset++;
-				space_remaining_in_urb -= packet_len;
-				urb_buffer += packet_len;
-			} else {
-				/* it can't fit, save it for the next URB */
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-
-		alloc_size = sizeof(*urb)
-			+ (urb_packet_offset * sizeof(struct usbfs_iso_packet_desc));
-		urb = malloc(alloc_size);
-		if (!urb) {
-			free_iso_urbs(tpriv);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-		}
-		memset(urb, 0, alloc_size);
-		urbs[i] = urb;
-
-		/* populate packet lengths */
-		for (j = 0, k = packet_offset - urb_packet_offset;
-				k < packet_offset; k++, j++) {
-			packet_len = transfer->iso_packet_desc[k].length;
-			urb->iso_frame_desc[j].length = packet_len;
-		}
-
-		urb->usercontext = itransfer;
-		urb->type = USBFS_URB_TYPE_ISO;
-		/* FIXME: interface for non-ASAP data? */
-		urb->flags = USBFS_URB_ISO_ASAP;
-		urb->endpoint = transfer->endpoint;
-		urb->number_of_packets = urb_packet_offset;
-		urb->buffer = urb_buffer_orig;
-	}
-
-	/* submit URBs */
-	for (i = 0; i < num_urbs; i++) {
-		int r = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_SUBMITURB, urbs[i]);
-		if (r < 0) {
-			int j;
-
-			if (errno == ENODEV) {
-				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-			} else {
-				usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-					"submiturb failed error %d errno=%d", r, errno);
-				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-			}
-
-			/* if the first URB submission fails, we can simply free up and
-			 * return failure immediately. */
-			if (i == 0) {
-				usbi_dbg("first URB failed, easy peasy");
-				free_iso_urbs(tpriv);
-				return r;
-			}
-
-			/* if it's not the first URB that failed, the situation is a bit
-			 * tricky. we must discard all previous URBs. there are
-			 * complications:
-			 *  - discarding is asynchronous - discarded urbs will be reaped
-			 *    later. the user must not have freed the transfer when the
-			 *    discarded URBs are reaped, otherwise libusb will be using
-			 *    freed memory.
-			 *  - the earlier URBs may have completed successfully and we do
-			 *    not want to throw away any data.
-			 * so, in this case we discard all the previous URBs BUT we report
-			 * that the transfer was submitted successfully. then later when
-			 * the final discard completes we can report error to the user.
-			 */
-			tpriv->reap_action = SUBMIT_FAILED;
-
-			/* The URBs we haven't submitted yet we count as already
-			 * retired. */
-			tpriv->num_retired = num_urbs - i;
-			for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
-				int tmp = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, urbs[j]);
-				if (tmp && errno != EINVAL)
-					usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-						"unrecognised discard errno %d", errno);
-			}
-
-			usbi_dbg("reporting successful submission but waiting for %d "
-				"discards before reporting error", i);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct usbfs_urb *urb;
-	int r;
-
-	if (tpriv->urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-
-	if (transfer->length - LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE > MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	urb = malloc(sizeof(struct usbfs_urb));
-	if (!urb)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	memset(urb, 0, sizeof(struct usbfs_urb));
-	tpriv->urbs = urb;
-	tpriv->reap_action = NORMAL;
-
-	urb->usercontext = itransfer;
-	urb->type = USBFS_URB_TYPE_CONTROL;
-	urb->endpoint = transfer->endpoint;
-	urb->buffer = transfer->buffer;
-	urb->buffer_length = transfer->length;
-
-	r = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_SUBMITURB, urb);
-	if (r < 0) {
-		free(urb);
-		tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-		if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-			"submiturb failed error %d errno=%d", r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_submit_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-		return submit_control_transfer(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-		return submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer, USBFS_URB_TYPE_BULK);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-		return submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer, USBFS_URB_TYPE_INTERRUPT);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		return submit_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-	default:
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-			"unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-}
-
-static int cancel_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	int r;
-
-	if (!tpriv->urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	tpriv->reap_action = CANCELLED;
-	r = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, tpriv->urbs);
-	if(r) {
-		if (errno == EINVAL) {
-			usbi_dbg("URB not found --> assuming ready to be reaped");
-			return 0;
-		} else {
-			usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-				"unrecognised DISCARD code %d", errno);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int cancel_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	int i;
-
-	if (!tpriv->urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	if (tpriv->reap_action != ERROR)
-		tpriv->reap_action = CANCELLED;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < tpriv->num_urbs; i++) {
-		int tmp = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, &tpriv->urbs[i]);
-		if (tmp && errno != EINVAL)
-			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-				"unrecognised discard errno %d", errno);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int cancel_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv =
-		__device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	int i;
-
-	if (!tpriv->iso_urbs)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	tpriv->reap_action = CANCELLED;
-	for (i = 0; i < tpriv->num_urbs; i++) {
-		int tmp = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, tpriv->iso_urbs[i]);
-		if (tmp && errno != EINVAL)
-			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-				"unrecognised discard errno %d", errno);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int op_cancel_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-		return cancel_control_transfer(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-		return cancel_bulk_transfer(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		return cancel_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-	default:
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-			"unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-}
-
-static void op_clear_transfer_priv(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-		free(tpriv->urbs);
-		tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-		break;
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		free_iso_urbs(tpriv);
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-			"unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-	}
-}
-
-static int handle_bulk_completion(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer,
-	struct usbfs_urb *urb)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *dpriv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	int urb_idx = urb - tpriv->urbs;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&itransfer->lock);
-	usbi_dbg("handling completion status %d of bulk urb %d/%d", urb->status,
-		urb_idx + 1, tpriv->num_urbs);
-
-	tpriv->num_retired++;
-
-	if (tpriv->reap_action != NORMAL) {
-		/* cancelled, submit_fail, or completed early */
-		usbi_dbg("abnormal reap: urb status %d", urb->status);
-
-		/* even though we're in the process of cancelling, it's possible that
-		 * we may receive some data in these URBs that we don't want to lose.
-		 * examples:
-		 * 1. while the kernel is cancelling all the packets that make up an
-		 *    URB, a few of them might complete. so we get back a successful
-		 *    cancellation *and* some data.
-		 * 2. we receive a short URB which marks the early completion condition,
-		 *    so we start cancelling the remaining URBs. however, we're too
-		 *    slow and another URB completes (or at least completes partially).
-		 *
-		 * When this happens, our objectives are not to lose any "surplus" data,
-		 * and also to stick it at the end of the previously-received data
-		 * (closing any holes), so that libusb reports the total amount of
-		 * transferred data and presents it in a contiguous chunk.
-		 */
-		if (urb->actual_length > 0) {
-			unsigned char *target = transfer->buffer + itransfer->transferred;
-			usbi_dbg("received %d bytes of surplus data", urb->actual_length);
-			if (urb->buffer != target) {
-				usbi_dbg("moving surplus data from offset %d to offset %d",
-					(unsigned char *) urb->buffer - transfer->buffer,
-					target - transfer->buffer);
-				memmove(target, urb->buffer, urb->actual_length);
-			}
-			itransfer->transferred += urb->actual_length;
-		}
-
-		if (tpriv->num_retired == tpriv->num_urbs) {
-			usbi_dbg("abnormal reap: last URB handled, reporting");
-			if (tpriv->reap_action != COMPLETED_EARLY &&
-			    tpriv->reap_status == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
-				tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-			goto completed;
-		}
-		goto out_unlock;
-	}
-
-	if (urb->status == 0 || urb->status == -EREMOTEIO ||
-			(urb->status == -EOVERFLOW && urb->actual_length > 0))
-		itransfer->transferred += urb->actual_length;
-
-
-	switch (urb->status) {
-	case 0:
-		break;
-	case -EREMOTEIO: /* short transfer */
-		break;
-	case -EPIPE:
-		usbi_dbg("detected endpoint stall");
-		if (tpriv->reap_status == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
-			tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_STALL;
-		goto cancel_remaining;
-	case -EOVERFLOW:
-		/* overflow can only ever occur in the last urb */
-		usbi_dbg("overflow, actual_length=%d", urb->actual_length);
-		if (tpriv->reap_status == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
-			tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_OVERFLOW;
-		goto completed;
-	case -ETIME:
-	case -EPROTO:
-	case -EILSEQ:
-		/* These can happen on *any* urb of a multi-urb transfer, so
-		 * save a status and tear down rest of the transfer */
-		usbi_dbg("low level error %d", urb->status);
-		tpriv->reap_action = ERROR;
-		if (tpriv->reap_status == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
-			tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-		goto cancel_remaining;
-	default:
-		usbi_warn(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer),
-			"unrecognised urb status %d", urb->status);
-		if (tpriv->reap_status == LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED)
-			tpriv->reap_status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-		goto cancel_remaining;
-	}
-
-	/* if we're the last urb or we got less data than requested then we're
-	 * done */
-	if (urb_idx == tpriv->num_urbs - 1) {
-		usbi_dbg("last URB in transfer --> complete!");
-		goto completed;
-	} else if (urb->actual_length < urb->buffer_length) {
-		usbi_dbg("short transfer %d/%d --> complete!",
-			urb->actual_length, urb->buffer_length);
-		if (tpriv->reap_action == NORMAL)
-			tpriv->reap_action = COMPLETED_EARLY;
-	} else
-		goto out_unlock;
-
-cancel_remaining:
-	if (tpriv->num_retired == tpriv->num_urbs) /* nothing to cancel */
-		goto completed;
-
-	/* cancel remaining urbs and wait for their completion before
-	 * reporting results */
-	while (++urb_idx < tpriv->num_urbs) {
-		/* remaining URBs with continuation flag are
-		 * automatically cancelled by the kernel */
-		if (tpriv->urbs[urb_idx].flags & USBFS_URB_BULK_CONTINUATION)
-			continue;
-		int tmp = ioctl(dpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB, &tpriv->urbs[urb_idx]);
-		if (tmp && errno != EINVAL)
-			usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-				"unrecognised discard errno %d", errno);
-	}
-
-out_unlock:
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-	return 0;
-
-completed:
-	free(tpriv->urbs);
-	tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-	return CANCELLED == tpriv->reap_action ?
-		usbi_handle_transfer_cancellation(itransfer) :
-		usbi_handle_transfer_completion(itransfer, tpriv->reap_status);
-}
-
-static int handle_iso_completion(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer,
-	struct usbfs_urb *urb)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer =
-		__USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	int num_urbs = tpriv->num_urbs;
-	int urb_idx = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&itransfer->lock);
-	for (i = 0; i < num_urbs; i++) {
-		if (urb == tpriv->iso_urbs[i]) {
-			urb_idx = i + 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	if (urb_idx == 0) {
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "could not locate urb!");
-		usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("handling completion status %d of iso urb %d/%d", urb->status,
-		urb_idx, num_urbs);
-
-	if (urb->status == 0) {
-		/* copy isochronous results back in */
-
-		for (i = 0; i < urb->number_of_packets; i++) {
-			struct usbfs_iso_packet_desc *urb_desc = &urb->iso_frame_desc[i];
-			struct libusb_iso_packet_descriptor *lib_desc =
-				&transfer->iso_packet_desc[tpriv->iso_packet_offset++];
-			lib_desc->status = urb_desc->status;
-			lib_desc->actual_length = urb_desc->actual_length;
-		}
-	}
-
-	tpriv->num_retired++;
-
-	if (tpriv->reap_action != NORMAL) { /* cancelled or submit_fail */
-		usbi_dbg("CANCEL: urb status %d", urb->status);
-
-		if (tpriv->num_retired == num_urbs) {
-			usbi_dbg("CANCEL: last URB handled, reporting");
-			free_iso_urbs(tpriv);
-			if (tpriv->reap_action == CANCELLED) {
-				usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-				return usbi_handle_transfer_cancellation(itransfer);
-			} else {
-				usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-				return usbi_handle_transfer_completion(itransfer,
-					LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR);
-			}
-		}
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	switch (urb->status) {
-	case 0:
-		break;
-	case -ETIME:
-	case -EPROTO:
-	case -EILSEQ:
-		usbi_dbg("low-level USB error %d", urb->status);
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_warn(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer),
-			"unrecognised urb status %d", urb->status);
-		break;
-	}
-
-	/* if we're the last urb or we got less data than requested then we're
-	 * done */
-	if (urb_idx == num_urbs) {
-		usbi_dbg("last URB in transfer --> complete!");
-		free_iso_urbs(tpriv);
-		usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-		return usbi_handle_transfer_completion(itransfer, LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED);
-	}
-
-out:
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int handle_control_completion(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer,
-	struct usbfs_urb *urb)
-{
-	struct linux_transfer_priv *tpriv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	int status;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&itransfer->lock);
-	usbi_dbg("handling completion status %d", urb->status);
-
-	if (urb->status == 0)
-		itransfer->transferred += urb->actual_length;
-
-	if (tpriv->reap_action == CANCELLED) {
-		if (urb->status != 0 && urb->status != -ENOENT)
-			usbi_warn(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer),
-				"cancel: unrecognised urb status %d", urb->status);
-		free(tpriv->urbs);
-		tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-		usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-		return usbi_handle_transfer_cancellation(itransfer);
-	}
-
-	switch (urb->status) {
-	case 0:
-		itransfer->transferred = urb->actual_length;
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
-		break;
-	case -EPIPE:
-		usbi_dbg("unsupported control request");
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_STALL;
-		break;
-	case -ETIME:
-	case -EPROTO:
-	case -EILSEQ:
-		usbi_dbg("low-level bus error occurred");
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_warn(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer),
-			"unrecognised urb status %d", urb->status);
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	free(tpriv->urbs);
-	tpriv->urbs = NULL;
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&itransfer->lock);
-	return usbi_handle_transfer_completion(itransfer, status);
-}
-
-static int reap_for_handle(struct libusb_device_handle *handle)
-{
-	struct linux_device_handle_priv *hpriv = __device_handle_priv(handle);
-	int r;
-	struct usbfs_urb *urb;
-	struct usbi_transfer *itransfer;
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer;
-
-	r = ioctl(hpriv->fd, IOCTL_USBFS_REAPURBNDELAY, &urb);
-	if (r == -1 && errno == EAGAIN)
-		return 1;
-	if (r < 0) {
-		if (errno == ENODEV)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle), "reap failed error %d errno=%d",
-			r, errno);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	itransfer = urb->usercontext;
-	transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-	usbi_dbg("urb type=%d status=%d transferred=%d", urb->type, urb->status,
-		urb->actual_length);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		return handle_iso_completion(itransfer, urb);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-		return handle_bulk_completion(itransfer, urb);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-		return handle_control_completion(itransfer, urb);
-	default:
-		usbi_err(HANDLE_CTX(handle), "unrecognised endpoint type %x",
-			transfer->type);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-}
-
-static int op_handle_events(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int num_ready)
-{
-	int r;
-	int i = 0;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-	for (i = 0; i < nfds && num_ready > 0; i++) {
-		struct pollfd *pollfd = &fds[i];
-		struct libusb_device_handle *handle;
-		struct linux_device_handle_priv *hpriv = NULL;
-
-		if (!pollfd->revents)
-			continue;
-
-		num_ready--;
-		list_for_each_entry(handle, &ctx->open_devs, list, struct libusb_device_handle) {
-			hpriv =  __device_handle_priv(handle);
-			if (hpriv->fd == pollfd->fd)
-				break;
-		}
-
-		if (pollfd->revents & POLLERR) {
-			usbi_remove_pollfd(HANDLE_CTX(handle), hpriv->fd);
-			usbi_handle_disconnect(handle);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		r = reap_for_handle(handle);
-		if (r == 1 || r == LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE)
-			continue;
-		else if (r < 0)
-			goto out;
-	}
-
-	r = 0;
-out:
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int op_clock_gettime(int clk_id, struct timespec *tp)
-{
-	switch (clk_id) {
-	case USBI_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
-		return clock_gettime(monotonic_clkid, tp);
-	case USBI_CLOCK_REALTIME:
-		return clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, tp);
-	default:
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-  }
-}
-
-#ifdef USBI_TIMERFD_AVAILABLE
-static clockid_t op_get_timerfd_clockid(void)
-{
-	return monotonic_clkid;
-
-}
-#endif
-
-const struct usbi_os_backend linux_usbfs_backend = {
-	.name = "Linux usbfs",
-	.init = op_init,
-	.exit = NULL,
-	.get_device_list = op_get_device_list,
-	.get_device_descriptor = op_get_device_descriptor,
-	.get_active_config_descriptor = op_get_active_config_descriptor,
-	.get_config_descriptor = op_get_config_descriptor,
-
-	.open = op_open,
-	.close = op_close,
-	.get_configuration = op_get_configuration,
-	.set_configuration = op_set_configuration,
-	.claim_interface = op_claim_interface,
-	.release_interface = op_release_interface,
-
-	.set_interface_altsetting = op_set_interface,
-	.clear_halt = op_clear_halt,
-	.reset_device = op_reset_device,
-
-	.kernel_driver_active = op_kernel_driver_active,
-	.detach_kernel_driver = op_detach_kernel_driver,
-	.attach_kernel_driver = op_attach_kernel_driver,
-
-	.destroy_device = op_destroy_device,
-
-	.submit_transfer = op_submit_transfer,
-	.cancel_transfer = op_cancel_transfer,
-	.clear_transfer_priv = op_clear_transfer_priv,
-
-	.handle_events = op_handle_events,
-
-	.clock_gettime = op_clock_gettime,
-
-#ifdef USBI_TIMERFD_AVAILABLE
-	.get_timerfd_clockid = op_get_timerfd_clockid,
-#endif
-
-	.device_priv_size = sizeof(struct linux_device_priv),
-	.device_handle_priv_size = sizeof(struct linux_device_handle_priv),
-	.transfer_priv_size = sizeof(struct linux_transfer_priv),
-	.add_iso_packet_size = 0,
-};
-
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.h
deleted file mode 100644
index bd02edc..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/linux_usbfs.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,138 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * usbfs header structures
- * Copyright (C) 2007 Daniel Drake <dsd@gentoo.org>
- * Copyright (c) 2001 Johannes Erdfelt <johannes@erdfelt.com>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#ifndef __LIBUSB_USBFS_H__
-#define __LIBUSB_USBFS_H__
-
-#define SYSFS_DEVICE_PATH "/sys/bus/usb/devices"
-
-struct usbfs_ctrltransfer {
-	/* keep in sync with usbdevice_fs.h:usbdevfs_ctrltransfer */
-	uint8_t  bmRequestType;
-	uint8_t  bRequest;
-	uint16_t wValue;
-	uint16_t wIndex;
-	uint16_t wLength;
-
-	uint32_t timeout;	/* in milliseconds */
-
-	/* pointer to data */
-	void *data;
-};
-
-struct usbfs_bulktransfer {
-	/* keep in sync with usbdevice_fs.h:usbdevfs_bulktransfer */
-	unsigned int ep;
-	unsigned int len;
-	unsigned int timeout;	/* in milliseconds */
-
-	/* pointer to data */
-	void *data;
-};
-
-struct usbfs_setinterface {
-	/* keep in sync with usbdevice_fs.h:usbdevfs_setinterface */
-	unsigned int interface;
-	unsigned int altsetting;
-};
-
-#define USBFS_MAXDRIVERNAME 255
-
-struct usbfs_getdriver {
-	unsigned int interface;
-	char driver[USBFS_MAXDRIVERNAME + 1];
-};
-
-#define USBFS_URB_SHORT_NOT_OK		0x01
-#define USBFS_URB_ISO_ASAP			0x02
-#define USBFS_URB_BULK_CONTINUATION	0x04
-#define USBFS_URB_QUEUE_BULK		0x10
-
-enum usbfs_urb_type {
-	USBFS_URB_TYPE_ISO = 0,
-	USBFS_URB_TYPE_INTERRUPT = 1,
-	USBFS_URB_TYPE_CONTROL = 2,
-	USBFS_URB_TYPE_BULK = 3,
-};
-
-struct usbfs_iso_packet_desc {
-	unsigned int length;
-	unsigned int actual_length;
-	unsigned int status;
-};
-
-#define MAX_ISO_BUFFER_LENGTH		32768
-#define MAX_BULK_BUFFER_LENGTH		16384
-#define MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH		4096
-
-struct usbfs_urb {
-	unsigned char type;
-	unsigned char endpoint;
-	int status;
-	unsigned int flags;
-	void *buffer;
-	int buffer_length;
-	int actual_length;
-	int start_frame;
-	int number_of_packets;
-	int error_count;
-	unsigned int signr;
-	void *usercontext;
-	struct usbfs_iso_packet_desc iso_frame_desc[0];
-};
-
-struct usbfs_connectinfo {
-	unsigned int devnum;
-	unsigned char slow;
-};
-
-struct usbfs_ioctl {
-	int ifno;	/* interface 0..N ; negative numbers reserved */
-	int ioctl_code;	/* MUST encode size + direction of data so the
-			 * macros in <asm/ioctl.h> give correct values */
-	void *data;	/* param buffer (in, or out) */
-};
-
-struct usbfs_hub_portinfo {
-	unsigned char numports;
-	unsigned char port[127];	/* port to device num mapping */
-};
-
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_CONTROL	_IOWR('U', 0, struct usbfs_ctrltransfer)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_BULK		_IOWR('U', 2, struct usbfs_bulktransfer)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_RESETEP	_IOR('U', 3, unsigned int)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_SETINTF	_IOR('U', 4, struct usbfs_setinterface)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_SETCONFIG	_IOR('U', 5, unsigned int)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_GETDRIVER	_IOW('U', 8, struct usbfs_getdriver)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_SUBMITURB	_IOR('U', 10, struct usbfs_urb)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_DISCARDURB	_IO('U', 11)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_REAPURB	_IOW('U', 12, void *)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_REAPURBNDELAY	_IOW('U', 13, void *)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_CLAIMINTF	_IOR('U', 15, unsigned int)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_RELEASEINTF	_IOR('U', 16, unsigned int)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_CONNECTINFO	_IOW('U', 17, struct usbfs_connectinfo)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_IOCTL         _IOWR('U', 18, struct usbfs_ioctl)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_HUB_PORTINFO	_IOR('U', 19, struct usbfs_hub_portinfo)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_RESET		_IO('U', 20)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_CLEAR_HALT	_IOR('U', 21, unsigned int)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_DISCONNECT	_IO('U', 22)
-#define IOCTL_USBFS_CONNECT	_IO('U', 23)
-
-#endif
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_posix.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_posix.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 17298a5..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_posix.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,12 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef __LIBUSB_POLL_POSIX_H__
-#define __LIBUSB_POLL_POSIX_H__
-
-#include <unistd.h>
-#include <poll.h>
-#define usbi_write write
-#define usbi_read read
-#define usbi_close close
-#define usbi_pipe pipe
-#define usbi_poll poll
-
-#endif /* __LIBUSB_POLL_POSIX_H__ */
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.c b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 55dbc18..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,857 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * poll_windows: poll compatibility wrapper for Windows
- * Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Pete Batard <pbatard@gmail.com>
- * With contributions from Michael Plante, Orin Eman et al.
- * Parts of poll implementation from libusb-win32, by Stephan Meyer et al.
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- *
- */
-
-/*
- * poll() and pipe() Windows compatibility layer for libusb 1.0
- *
- * The way this layer works is by using OVERLAPPED with async I/O transfers, as
- * OVERLAPPED have an associated event which is flagged for I/O completion.
- *
- * For USB pollable async I/O, you would typically:
- * - obtain a Windows HANDLE to a file or device that has been opened in
- *   OVERLAPPED mode
- * - call usbi_create_fd with this handle to obtain a custom fd.
- *   Note that if you need simultaneous R/W access, you need to call create_fd
- *   twice, once in _O_RDONLY and once in _O_WRONLY mode to obtain 2 separate
- *   pollable fds
- * - leave the core functions call the poll routine and flag POLLIN/POLLOUT
- *
- * The pipe pollable synchronous I/O works using the overlapped event associated
- * with a fake pipe. The read/write functions are only meant to be used in that
- * context.
- */
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <stdlib.h>
-#include <io.h>
-
-#include <libusbi.h>
-
-// Uncomment to debug the polling layer
-//#define DEBUG_POLL_WINDOWS
-#if defined(DEBUG_POLL_WINDOWS)
-#define poll_dbg usbi_dbg
-#else
-// MSVC6 cannot use a variadic argument and non MSVC
-// compilers produce warnings if parenthesis are ommitted.
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-#define poll_dbg
-#else
-#define poll_dbg(...)
-#endif
-#endif
-
-#if defined(_PREFAST_)
-#pragma warning(disable:28719)
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__CYGWIN__)
-// cygwin produces a warning unless these prototypes are defined
-extern int _open(char* name, int flags);
-extern int _close(int fd);
-extern int _snprintf(char *buffer, size_t count, const char *format, ...);
-#define NUL_DEVICE "/dev/null"
-#else
-#define NUL_DEVICE "NUL"
-#endif
-
-#define CHECK_INIT_POLLING do {if(!is_polling_set) init_polling();} while(0)
-
-// Workaround for MinGW-w64 multilib bug
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN64)
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE
-#define pInterlockedExchange InterlockedExchange
-#else
-static LONG (WINAPI *pInterlockedExchange)(LONG volatile *, LONG) = NULL;
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) {		\
-	pInterlockedExchange = (LONG (WINAPI *)(LONG volatile *, LONG))			\
-		GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32"), "InterlockedExchange");	\
-	if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) {										\
-		usbi_err(NULL, "InterlockedExchange is unavailable");				\
-		return;																\
-	}																		\
-}
-#endif
-
-// public fd data
-const struct winfd INVALID_WINFD = {-1, INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, NULL, RW_NONE};
-struct winfd poll_fd[MAX_FDS];
-// internal fd data
-struct {
-	CRITICAL_SECTION mutex; // lock for fds
-	// Additional variables for XP CancelIoEx partial emulation
-	HANDLE original_handle;
-	DWORD thread_id;
-} _poll_fd[MAX_FDS];
-
-// globals
-BOOLEAN is_polling_set = FALSE;
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-HANDLE fd_update = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;	// event to notify poll of fd update
-HANDLE new_fd[MAX_FDS];		// overlapped event handles for fds created since last poll
-unsigned nb_new_fds = 0;	// nb new fds created since last poll
-usbi_mutex_t new_fd_mutex;	// mutex required for the above
-#endif
-LONG pipe_number = 0;
-static volatile LONG compat_spinlock = 0;
-
-// CancelIoEx, available on Vista and later only, provides the ability to cancel
-// a single transfer (OVERLAPPED) when used. As it may not be part of any of the
-// platform headers, we hook into the Kernel32 system DLL directly to seek it.
-static BOOL (__stdcall *pCancelIoEx)(HANDLE, LPOVERLAPPED) = NULL;
-#define CancelIoEx_Available (pCancelIoEx != NULL)
-__inline BOOL cancel_io(int _index)
-{
-	if ((_index < 0) || (_index >= MAX_FDS)) {
-		return FALSE;
-	}
-
-	if ( (poll_fd[_index].fd < 0) || (poll_fd[_index].handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-	  || (poll_fd[_index].handle == 0) || (poll_fd[_index].overlapped == NULL) ) {
-		return TRUE;
-	}
-	if (CancelIoEx_Available) {
-		return (*pCancelIoEx)(poll_fd[_index].handle, poll_fd[_index].overlapped);
-	}
-	if (_poll_fd[_index].thread_id == GetCurrentThreadId()) {
-		return CancelIo(poll_fd[_index].handle);
-	}
-	usbi_warn(NULL, "Unable to cancel I/O that was started from another thread");
-	return FALSE;
-}
-
-// Init
-void init_polling(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE;
-	while (pInterlockedExchange((LONG *)&compat_spinlock, 1) == 1) {
-		SleepEx(0, TRUE);
-	}
-	if (!is_polling_set) {
-		pCancelIoEx = (BOOL (__stdcall *)(HANDLE,LPOVERLAPPED))
-			GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandleA("KERNEL32"), "CancelIoEx");
-		usbi_dbg("Will use CancelIo%s for I/O cancellation",
-			CancelIoEx_Available?"Ex":"");
-		for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-			poll_fd[i] = INVALID_WINFD;
-			_poll_fd[i].original_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-			_poll_fd[i].thread_id = 0;
-			InitializeCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-		}
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-		// We need to create an update event so that poll is warned when there
-		// are new/deleted fds during a timeout wait operation
-		fd_update = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
-		if (fd_update == NULL) {
-			usbi_err(NULL, "unable to create update event");
-		}
-		usbi_mutex_init(&new_fd_mutex, NULL);
-		nb_new_fds = 0;
-#endif
-		is_polling_set = TRUE;
-	}
-	compat_spinlock = 0;
-}
-
-// Internal function to retrieve the table index (and lock the fd mutex)
-int _fd_to_index_and_lock(int fd)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	if (fd <= 0)
-		return -1;
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].fd == fd) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have changed before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].fd != fd) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-			return i;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-OVERLAPPED *create_overlapped(void)
-{
-	OVERLAPPED *overlapped = calloc(1, sizeof(OVERLAPPED));
-	if (overlapped == NULL) {
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	overlapped->hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
-	if(overlapped->hEvent == NULL) {
-		free (overlapped);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	return overlapped;
-}
-
-void free_overlapped(OVERLAPPED *overlapped)
-{
-	if (overlapped == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	if ( (overlapped->hEvent != 0)
-	  && (overlapped->hEvent != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) ) {
-		CloseHandle(overlapped->hEvent);
-	}
-	free(overlapped);
-}
-
-void reset_overlapped(OVERLAPPED *overlapped)
-{
-	HANDLE event_handle;
-	if (overlapped == NULL)
-		return;
-
-	event_handle = overlapped->hEvent;
-	if (event_handle != NULL) {
-		ResetEvent(event_handle);
-	}
-	memset(overlapped, 0, sizeof(OVERLAPPED));
-	overlapped->hEvent = event_handle;
-}
-
-void exit_polling(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE;
-	while (pInterlockedExchange((LONG *)&compat_spinlock, 1) == 1) {
-		SleepEx(0, TRUE);
-	}
-	if (is_polling_set) {
-		is_polling_set = FALSE;
-
-		for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-			// Cancel any async I/O (handle can be invalid)
-			cancel_io(i);
-			// If anything was pending on that I/O, it should be
-			// terminating, and we should be able to access the fd
-			// mutex lock before too long
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			if ( (poll_fd[i].fd > 0) && (poll_fd[i].handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && (poll_fd[i].handle != 0)
-			  && (GetFileType(poll_fd[i].handle) == FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN) ) {
-				_close(poll_fd[i].fd);
-			}
-			free_overlapped(poll_fd[i].overlapped);
-			if (!CancelIoEx_Available) {
-				// Close duplicate handle
-				if (_poll_fd[i].original_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-					CloseHandle(poll_fd[i].handle);
-				}
-			}
-			poll_fd[i] = INVALID_WINFD;
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-			usbi_mutex_destroy(&new_fd_mutex);
-			CloseHandle(fd_update);
-			fd_update = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-#endif
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			DeleteCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-		}
-	}
-	compat_spinlock = 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Create a fake pipe.
- * As libusb only uses pipes for signaling, all we need from a pipe is an
- * event. To that extent, we create a single wfd and overlapped as a means
- * to access that event.
- */
-int usbi_pipe(int filedes[2])
-{
-	int i;
-	OVERLAPPED* overlapped;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	overlapped = calloc(1, sizeof(OVERLAPPED));
-	if (overlapped == NULL) {
-		return -1;
-	}
-	// The overlapped must have status pending for signaling to work in poll
-	overlapped->Internal = STATUS_PENDING;
-	overlapped->InternalHigh = 0;
-
-	// Read end of the "pipe"
-	filedes[0] = _open(NUL_DEVICE, _O_WRONLY);
-	if (filedes[0] < 0) {
-		usbi_err(NULL, "could not create pipe: errno %d", errno);
-		goto out1;
-	}
-	// We can use the same handle for both ends
-	filedes[1] = filedes[0];
-	poll_dbg("pipe filedes = %d", filedes[0]);
-
-	// Note: manual reset must be true (second param) as the reset occurs in read
-	overlapped->hEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
-	if(!overlapped->hEvent) {
-		goto out2;
-	}
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].fd < 0) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have been allocated before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].fd >= 0) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-
-			poll_fd[i].fd = filedes[0];
-			poll_fd[i].handle = DUMMY_HANDLE;
-			poll_fd[i].overlapped = overlapped;
-			// There's no polling on the write end, so we just use READ for our needs
-			poll_fd[i].rw = RW_READ;
-			_poll_fd[i].original_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	CloseHandle(overlapped->hEvent);
-out2:
-	_close(filedes[0]);
-out1:
-	free(overlapped);
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Create both an fd and an OVERLAPPED from an open Windows handle, so that
- * it can be used with our polling function
- * The handle MUST support overlapped transfers (usually requires CreateFile
- * with FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED)
- * Return a pollable file descriptor struct, or INVALID_WINFD on error
- *
- * Note that the fd returned by this function is a per-transfer fd, rather
- * than a per-session fd and cannot be used for anything else but our
- * custom functions (the fd itself points to the NUL: device)
- * if you plan to do R/W on the same handle, you MUST create 2 fds: one for
- * read and one for write. Using a single R/W fd is unsupported and will
- * produce unexpected results
- */
-struct winfd usbi_create_fd(HANDLE handle, int access_mode)
-{
-	int i, fd;
-	struct winfd wfd = INVALID_WINFD;
-	OVERLAPPED* overlapped = NULL;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if ((handle == 0) || (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-	}
-
-	if ((access_mode != _O_RDONLY) && (access_mode != _O_WRONLY)) {
-		usbi_warn(NULL, "only one of _O_RDONLY or _O_WRONLY are supported.\n"
-			"If you want to poll for R/W simultaneously, create multiple fds from the same handle.");
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-	}
-	if (access_mode == _O_RDONLY) {
-		wfd.rw = RW_READ;
-	} else {
-		wfd.rw = RW_WRITE;
-	}
-
-	// Ensure that we get a non system conflicting unique fd, using
-	// the same fd attribution system as the pipe ends
-	fd = _open(NUL_DEVICE, _O_WRONLY);
-	if (fd < 0) {
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-	}
-
-	overlapped = create_overlapped();
-	if(overlapped == NULL) {
-		_close(fd);
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-	}
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].fd < 0) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have been removed before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].fd >= 0) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-			wfd.fd = fd;
-			// Attempt to emulate some of the CancelIoEx behaviour on platforms
-			// that don't have it
-			if (!CancelIoEx_Available) {
-				_poll_fd[i].thread_id = GetCurrentThreadId();
-				if (!DuplicateHandle(GetCurrentProcess(), handle, GetCurrentProcess(),
-					&wfd.handle, 0, TRUE, DUPLICATE_SAME_ACCESS)) {
-					usbi_dbg("could not duplicate handle for CancelIo - using original one");
-					wfd.handle = handle;
-					// Make sure we won't close the original handle on fd deletion then
-					_poll_fd[i].original_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-				} else {
-					_poll_fd[i].original_handle = handle;
-				}
-			} else {
-				wfd.handle = handle;
-			}
-			wfd.overlapped = overlapped;
-			memcpy(&poll_fd[i], &wfd, sizeof(struct winfd));
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-			usbi_mutex_lock(&new_fd_mutex);
-			new_fd[nb_new_fds++] = overlapped->hEvent;
-			usbi_mutex_unlock(&new_fd_mutex);
-			// Notify poll that fds have been updated
-			SetEvent(fd_update);
-#endif
-			return wfd;
-		}
-	}
-	free_overlapped(overlapped);
-	_close(fd);
-	return INVALID_WINFD;
-}
-
-void _free_index(int _index)
-{
-	// Cancel any async IO (Don't care about the validity of our handles for this)
-	cancel_io(_index);
-	// close fake handle for devices
-	if ( (poll_fd[_index].handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) && (poll_fd[_index].handle != 0)
-	  && (GetFileType(poll_fd[_index].handle) == FILE_TYPE_UNKNOWN) ) {
-		_close(poll_fd[_index].fd);
-	}
-	// close the duplicate handle (if we have an actual duplicate)
-	if (!CancelIoEx_Available) {
-		if (_poll_fd[_index].original_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-			CloseHandle(poll_fd[_index].handle);
-		}
-		_poll_fd[_index].original_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-		_poll_fd[_index].thread_id = 0;
-	}
-	free_overlapped(poll_fd[_index].overlapped);
-	poll_fd[_index] = INVALID_WINFD;
-}
-
-/*
- * Release a pollable file descriptor.
- *
- * Note that the associated Windows handle is not closed by this call
- */
-void usbi_free_fd(int fd)
-{
-	int _index;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fd);
-	if (_index < 0) {
-		return;
-	}
-	_free_index(_index);
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-}
-
-/*
- * The functions below perform various conversions between fd, handle and OVERLAPPED
- */
-struct winfd fd_to_winfd(int fd)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if (fd <= 0)
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].fd == fd) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have been deleted before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].fd != fd) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-			memcpy(&wfd, &poll_fd[i], sizeof(struct winfd));
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			return wfd;
-		}
-	}
-	return INVALID_WINFD;
-}
-
-struct winfd handle_to_winfd(HANDLE handle)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if ((handle == 0) || (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE))
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].handle == handle) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have been deleted before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].handle != handle) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-			memcpy(&wfd, &poll_fd[i], sizeof(struct winfd));
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			return wfd;
-		}
-	}
-	return INVALID_WINFD;
-}
-
-struct winfd overlapped_to_winfd(OVERLAPPED* overlapped)
-{
-	int i;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if (overlapped == NULL)
-		return INVALID_WINFD;
-
-	for (i=0; i<MAX_FDS; i++) {
-		if (poll_fd[i].overlapped == overlapped) {
-			EnterCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			// fd might have been deleted before we got to critical
-			if (poll_fd[i].overlapped != overlapped) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-				continue;
-			}
-			memcpy(&wfd, &poll_fd[i], sizeof(struct winfd));
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[i].mutex);
-			return wfd;
-		}
-	}
-	return INVALID_WINFD;
-}
-
-/*
- * POSIX poll equivalent, using Windows OVERLAPPED
- * Currently, this function only accepts one of POLLIN or POLLOUT per fd
- * (but you can create multiple fds from the same handle for read and write)
- */
-int usbi_poll(struct pollfd *fds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout)
-{
-	unsigned i;
-	int _index, object_index, triggered;
-	HANDLE *handles_to_wait_on;
-	int *handle_to_index;
-	DWORD nb_handles_to_wait_on = 0;
-	DWORD ret;
-
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	DWORD nb_extra_handles = 0;
-	unsigned j;
-
-	// To address the possibility of missing new fds between the time the new
-	// pollable fd set is assembled, and the ResetEvent() call below, an
-	// additional new_fd[] HANDLE table is used for any new fd that was created
-	// since the last call to poll (see below)
-	ResetEvent(fd_update);
-
-	// At this stage, any new fd creation will be detected through the fd_update
-	// event notification, and any previous creation that we may have missed
-	// will be picked up through the existing new_fd[] table.
-#endif
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	triggered = 0;
-	handles_to_wait_on = malloc((nfds+1)*sizeof(HANDLE));	// +1 for fd_update
-	handle_to_index = malloc(nfds*sizeof(int));
-	if ((handles_to_wait_on == NULL) || (handle_to_index == NULL)) {
-		errno = ENOMEM;
-		triggered = -1;
-		goto poll_exit;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < nfds; ++i) {
-		fds[i].revents = 0;
-
-		// Only one of POLLIN or POLLOUT can be selected with this version of poll (not both)
-		if ((fds[i].events & ~POLLIN) && (!(fds[i].events & POLLOUT))) {
-			fds[i].revents |= POLLERR;
-			errno = EACCES;
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "unsupported set of events");
-			triggered = -1;
-			goto poll_exit;
-		}
-
-		_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fds[i].fd);
-		poll_dbg("fd[%d]=%d: (overlapped=%p) got events %04X", i, poll_fd[_index].fd, poll_fd[_index].overlapped, fds[i].events);
-
-		if ( (_index < 0) || (poll_fd[_index].handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-		  || (poll_fd[_index].handle == 0) || (poll_fd[_index].overlapped == NULL)) {
-			fds[i].revents |= POLLNVAL | POLLERR;
-			errno = EBADF;
-			if (_index >= 0) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-			}
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "invalid fd");
-			triggered = -1;
-			goto poll_exit;
-		}
-
-		// IN or OUT must match our fd direction
-		if ((fds[i].events & POLLIN) && (poll_fd[_index].rw != RW_READ)) {
-			fds[i].revents |= POLLNVAL | POLLERR;
-			errno = EBADF;
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "attempted POLLIN on fd without READ access");
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-			triggered = -1;
-			goto poll_exit;
-		}
-
-		if ((fds[i].events & POLLOUT) && (poll_fd[_index].rw != RW_WRITE)) {
-			fds[i].revents |= POLLNVAL | POLLERR;
-			errno = EBADF;
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "attempted POLLOUT on fd without WRITE access");
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-			triggered = -1;
-			goto poll_exit;
-		}
-
-		// The following macro only works if overlapped I/O was reported pending
-		if ( (HasOverlappedIoCompleted(poll_fd[_index].overlapped))
-		  || (HasOverlappedIoCompletedSync(poll_fd[_index].overlapped)) ) {
-			poll_dbg("  completed");
-			// checks above should ensure this works:
-			fds[i].revents = fds[i].events;
-			triggered++;
-		} else {
-			handles_to_wait_on[nb_handles_to_wait_on] = poll_fd[_index].overlapped->hEvent;
-			handle_to_index[nb_handles_to_wait_on] = i;
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-			// If this fd from the poll set is also part of the new_fd event handle table, remove it
-			usbi_mutex_lock(&new_fd_mutex);
-			for (j=0; j<nb_new_fds; j++) {
-				if (handles_to_wait_on[nb_handles_to_wait_on] == new_fd[j]) {
-					new_fd[j] = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-			usbi_mutex_unlock(&new_fd_mutex);
-#endif
-			nb_handles_to_wait_on++;
-		}
-		LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-	}
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	// At this stage, new_fd[] should only contain events from fds that
-	// have been added since the last call to poll, but are not (yet) part
-	// of the pollable fd set. Typically, these would be from fds that have
-	// been created between the construction of the fd set and the calling
-	// of poll.
-	// Event if we won't be able to return usable poll data on these events,
-	// make sure we monitor them to return an EINTR code
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&new_fd_mutex); // We could probably do without
-	for (i=0; i<nb_new_fds; i++) {
-		if (new_fd[i] != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-			handles_to_wait_on[nb_handles_to_wait_on++] = new_fd[i];
-			nb_extra_handles++;
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&new_fd_mutex);
-	poll_dbg("dynamic_fds: added %d extra handles", nb_extra_handles);
-#endif
-
-	// If nothing was triggered, wait on all fds that require it
-	if ((timeout != 0) && (triggered == 0) && (nb_handles_to_wait_on != 0)) {
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-		// Register for fd update notifications
-		handles_to_wait_on[nb_handles_to_wait_on++] = fd_update;
-		nb_extra_handles++;
-#endif
-		if (timeout < 0) {
-			poll_dbg("starting infinite wait for %d handles...", (int)nb_handles_to_wait_on);
-		} else {
-			poll_dbg("starting %d ms wait for %d handles...", timeout, (int)nb_handles_to_wait_on);
-		}
-		ret = WaitForMultipleObjects(nb_handles_to_wait_on, handles_to_wait_on,
-			FALSE, (timeout<0)?INFINITE:(DWORD)timeout);
-		object_index = ret-WAIT_OBJECT_0;
-		if ((object_index >= 0) && ((DWORD)object_index < nb_handles_to_wait_on)) {
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-			if ((DWORD)object_index >= (nb_handles_to_wait_on-nb_extra_handles)) {
-				// Detected fd update => flag a poll interruption
-				if ((DWORD)object_index == (nb_handles_to_wait_on-1))
-					poll_dbg("  dynamic_fds: fd_update event");
-				else
-					poll_dbg("  dynamic_fds: new fd I/O event");
-				errno = EINTR;
-				triggered = -1;
-				goto poll_exit;
-			}
-#endif
-			poll_dbg("  completed after wait");
-			i = handle_to_index[object_index];
-			_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fds[i].fd);
-			fds[i].revents = fds[i].events;
-			triggered++;
-			if (_index >= 0) {
-				LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-			}
-		} else if (ret == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
-			poll_dbg("  timed out");
-			triggered = 0;	// 0 = timeout
-		} else {
-			errno = EIO;
-			triggered = -1;	// error
-		}
-	}
-
-poll_exit:
-	if (handles_to_wait_on != NULL) {
-		free(handles_to_wait_on);
-	}
-	if (handle_to_index != NULL) {
-		free(handle_to_index);
-	}
-#if defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&new_fd_mutex);
-	nb_new_fds = 0;
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&new_fd_mutex);
-#endif
-	return triggered;
-}
-
-/*
- * close a fake pipe fd
- */
-int usbi_close(int fd)
-{
-	int _index;
-	int r = -1;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fd);
-
-	if (_index < 0) {
-		errno = EBADF;
-	} else {
-		if (poll_fd[_index].overlapped != NULL) {
-			// Must be a different event for each end of the pipe
-			CloseHandle(poll_fd[_index].overlapped->hEvent);
-			free(poll_fd[_index].overlapped);
-		}
-		r = _close(poll_fd[_index].fd);
-		if (r != 0) {
-			errno = EIO;
-		}
-		poll_fd[_index] = INVALID_WINFD;
-		LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-	}
-	return r;
-}
-
-/*
- * synchronous write for fake "pipe" signaling
- */
-ssize_t usbi_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count)
-{
-	int _index;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if (count != sizeof(unsigned char)) {
-		usbi_err(NULL, "this function should only used for signaling");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fd);
-
-	if ( (_index < 0) || (poll_fd[_index].overlapped == NULL) ) {
-		errno = EBADF;
-		if (_index >= 0) {
-			LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-		}
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	poll_dbg("set pipe event (fd = %d, thread = %08X)", _index, GetCurrentThreadId());
-	SetEvent(poll_fd[_index].overlapped->hEvent);
-	poll_fd[_index].overlapped->Internal = STATUS_WAIT_0;
-	// If two threads write on the pipe at the same time, we need to
-	// process two separate reads => use the overlapped as a counter
-	poll_fd[_index].overlapped->InternalHigh++;
-
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-	return sizeof(unsigned char);
-}
-
-/*
- * synchronous read for fake "pipe" signaling
- */
-ssize_t usbi_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count)
-{
-	int _index;
-	ssize_t r = -1;
-
-	CHECK_INIT_POLLING;
-
-	if (count != sizeof(unsigned char)) {
-		usbi_err(NULL, "this function should only used for signaling");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	_index = _fd_to_index_and_lock(fd);
-
-	if (_index < 0) {
-		errno = EBADF;
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	if (WaitForSingleObject(poll_fd[_index].overlapped->hEvent, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
-		usbi_warn(NULL, "waiting for event failed: %d", (int)GetLastError());
-		errno = EIO;
-		goto out;
-	}
-
-	poll_dbg("clr pipe event (fd = %d, thread = %08X)", _index, GetCurrentThreadId());
-	poll_fd[_index].overlapped->InternalHigh--;
-	// Don't reset unless we don't have any more events to process
-	if (poll_fd[_index].overlapped->InternalHigh <= 0) {
-		ResetEvent(poll_fd[_index].overlapped->hEvent);
-		poll_fd[_index].overlapped->Internal = STATUS_PENDING;
-	}
-
-	r = sizeof(unsigned char);
-
-out:
-	LeaveCriticalSection(&_poll_fd[_index].mutex);
-	return r;
-}
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 36e3915..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/poll_windows.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,122 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Windows compat: POSIX compatibility wrapper
- * Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Pete Batard <pbatard@gmail.com>
- * With contributions from Michael Plante, Orin Eman et al.
- * Parts of poll implementation from libusb-win32, by Stephan Meyer et al.
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- *
- */
-#pragma once
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-// disable /W4 MSVC warnings that are benign
-#pragma warning(disable:4127) // conditional expression is constant
-#endif
-
-// Uncomment to have poll return with EINTR as soon as a new transfer (fd) is added
-// This should result in a LIBUSB_ERROR_INTERRUPTED being returned by libusb calls,
-// which should give the app an opportunity to resubmit a new fd set.
-//#define DYNAMIC_FDS
-
-// Handle synchronous completion through the overlapped structure
-#if !defined(STATUS_REPARSE)	// reuse the REPARSE status code
-#define STATUS_REPARSE ((LONG)0x00000104L)
-#endif
-#define STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY	STATUS_REPARSE
-#define HasOverlappedIoCompletedSync(lpOverlapped)	(((DWORD)(lpOverlapped)->Internal) == STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY)
-
-#define DUMMY_HANDLE ((HANDLE)(LONG_PTR)-2)
-
-enum windows_version {
-	WINDOWS_UNSUPPORTED,
-	WINDOWS_XP,
-	WINDOWS_2003,	// also includes XP 64
-	WINDOWS_VISTA_AND_LATER,
-};
-extern enum windows_version windows_version;
-
-#define MAX_FDS     256
-
-#define POLLIN      0x0001    /* There is data to read */
-#define POLLPRI     0x0002    /* There is urgent data to read */
-#define POLLOUT     0x0004    /* Writing now will not block */
-#define POLLERR     0x0008    /* Error condition */
-#define POLLHUP     0x0010    /* Hung up */
-#define POLLNVAL    0x0020    /* Invalid request: fd not open */
-
-struct pollfd {
-    int fd;           /* file descriptor */
-    short events;     /* requested events */
-    short revents;    /* returned events */
-};
-
-typedef unsigned int nfds_t;
-
-// access modes
-enum rw_type {
-	RW_NONE,
-	RW_READ,
-	RW_WRITE,
-};
-
-// fd struct that can be used for polling on Windows
-struct winfd {
-	int fd;							// what's exposed to libusb core
-	HANDLE handle;					// what we need to attach overlapped to the I/O op, so we can poll it
-	OVERLAPPED* overlapped;			// what will report our I/O status
-	enum rw_type rw;				// I/O transfer direction: read *XOR* write (NOT BOTH)
-};
-extern const struct winfd INVALID_WINFD;
-
-int usbi_pipe(int pipefd[2]);
-int usbi_poll(struct pollfd *fds, unsigned int nfds, int timeout);
-ssize_t usbi_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
-ssize_t usbi_read(int fd, void *buf, size_t count);
-int usbi_close(int fd);
-
-void init_polling(void);
-void exit_polling(void);
-struct winfd usbi_create_fd(HANDLE handle, int access_mode);
-void usbi_free_fd(int fd);
-struct winfd fd_to_winfd(int fd);
-struct winfd handle_to_winfd(HANDLE handle);
-struct winfd overlapped_to_winfd(OVERLAPPED* overlapped);
-
-/*
- * Timeval operations
- */
-#if defined(DDKBUILD)
-#include <winsock.h>	// defines timeval functions on DDK
-#endif
-
-#if !defined(TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL)
-#define TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(tv, ts) {                   \
-	(tv)->tv_sec = (long)(ts)->tv_sec;                  \
-	(tv)->tv_usec = (long)(ts)->tv_nsec / 1000;         \
-}
-#endif
-#if !defined(timersub)
-#define timersub(a, b, result)                          \
-do {                                                    \
-	(result)->tv_sec = (a)->tv_sec - (b)->tv_sec;       \
-	(result)->tv_usec = (a)->tv_usec - (b)->tv_usec;    \
-	if ((result)->tv_usec < 0) {                        \
-		--(result)->tv_sec;                             \
-		(result)->tv_usec += 1000000;                   \
-	}                                                   \
-} while (0)
-#endif
-
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_posix.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_posix.h
deleted file mode 100644
index dc558d4..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_posix.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * libusb synchronization using POSIX Threads
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2010 Peter Stuge <peter@stuge.se>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#ifndef __LIBUSB_THREADS_POSIX_H__
-#define __LIBUSB_THREADS_POSIX_H__
-
-#include <pthread.h>
-
-#define usbi_mutex_static_t		pthread_mutex_t
-#define USBI_MUTEX_INITIALIZER		PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
-#define usbi_mutex_static_lock		pthread_mutex_lock
-#define usbi_mutex_static_unlock	pthread_mutex_unlock
-
-#define usbi_mutex_t			pthread_mutex_t
-#define usbi_mutex_init			pthread_mutex_init
-#define usbi_mutex_lock			pthread_mutex_lock
-#define usbi_mutex_unlock		pthread_mutex_unlock
-#define usbi_mutex_trylock		pthread_mutex_trylock
-#define usbi_mutex_destroy		pthread_mutex_destroy
-
-#define usbi_cond_t			pthread_cond_t
-#define usbi_cond_init			pthread_cond_init
-#define usbi_cond_wait			pthread_cond_wait
-#define usbi_cond_timedwait		pthread_cond_timedwait
-#define usbi_cond_broadcast		pthread_cond_broadcast
-#define usbi_cond_destroy		pthread_cond_destroy
-#define usbi_cond_signal	pthread_cond_signal
-
-#endif /* __LIBUSB_THREADS_POSIX_H__ */
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.c b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.c
deleted file mode 100644
index fe84ec0..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,221 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * libusb synchronization on Microsoft Windows
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2010 Michael Plante <michael.plante@gmail.com>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#include <config.h>
-#include <objbase.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <stdarg.h>
-
-#include "libusbi.h"
-
-// Workaround for MinGW-w64 multilib bug
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN64)
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE
-#define pInterlockedExchange InterlockedExchange
-#else
-static LONG (WINAPI *pInterlockedExchange)(LONG volatile *, LONG) = NULL;
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) {		\
-	pInterlockedExchange = (LONG (WINAPI *)(LONG volatile *, LONG))			\
-		GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32"), "InterlockedExchange");	\
-	if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) return ((errno=ENOENT));				\
-	}
-#endif
-
-int usbi_mutex_init(usbi_mutex_t *mutex,
-					const usbi_mutexattr_t *attr) {
-	if(! mutex) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	*mutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
-	if(!*mutex) return ((errno=ENOMEM));
-	return 0;
-}
-int usbi_mutex_destroy(usbi_mutex_t *mutex) {
-	// It is not clear if CloseHandle failure is due to failure to unlock.
-	//   If so, this should be errno=EBUSY.
-	if(!mutex || !CloseHandle(*mutex)) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	*mutex = NULL;
-	return 0;
-}
-int usbi_mutex_trylock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex) {
-	DWORD result;
-	if(!mutex) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	result = WaitForSingleObject(*mutex, 0);
-	if(result == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || result == WAIT_ABANDONED)
-		return 0; // acquired (ToDo: check that abandoned is ok)
-	if(result == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
-		return ((errno=EBUSY));
-	return ((errno=EINVAL)); // don't know how this would happen
-							 //   so don't know proper errno
-}
-int usbi_mutex_lock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex) {
-	DWORD result;
-	if(!mutex) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	result = WaitForSingleObject(*mutex, INFINITE);
-	if(result == WAIT_OBJECT_0 || result == WAIT_ABANDONED)
-		return 0; // acquired (ToDo: check that abandoned is ok)
-	return ((errno=EINVAL)); // don't know how this would happen
-							 //   so don't know proper errno
-}
-int usbi_mutex_unlock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex) {
-	if(!mutex)                return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	if(!ReleaseMutex(*mutex)) return ((errno=EPERM ));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int usbi_mutex_static_lock(usbi_mutex_static_t *mutex) {
-	if(!mutex)               return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE;
-	while (pInterlockedExchange((LONG *)mutex, 1) == 1) {
-		SleepEx(0, TRUE);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-int usbi_mutex_static_unlock(usbi_mutex_static_t *mutex) {
-	if(!mutex)               return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	*mutex = 0;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-
-
-int usbi_cond_init(usbi_cond_t *cond,
-				   const usbi_condattr_t *attr) {
-	if(!cond)           return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	list_init(&cond->waiters    );
-	list_init(&cond->not_waiting);
-	return 0;
-}
-int usbi_cond_destroy(usbi_cond_t *cond) {
-	// This assumes no one is using this anymore.  The check MAY NOT BE safe.
-	struct usbi_cond_perthread *pos, *prev_pos = NULL;
-	if(!cond) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	if(!list_empty(&cond->waiters)) return ((errno=EBUSY )); // (!see above!)
-	list_for_each_entry(pos, &cond->not_waiting, list, struct usbi_cond_perthread) {
-		free(prev_pos);
-		list_del(&pos->list);
-		prev_pos = pos;
-	}
-	free(prev_pos);
-	prev_pos = pos = NULL;
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int usbi_cond_broadcast(usbi_cond_t *cond) {
-	// Assumes mutex is locked; this is not in keeping with POSIX spec, but
-	//   libusb does this anyway, so we simplify by not adding more sync
-	//   primitives to the CV definition!
-	int fail = 0;
-	struct usbi_cond_perthread *pos;
-	if(!cond)                      return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	list_for_each_entry(pos, &cond->waiters, list, struct usbi_cond_perthread) {
-		if(!SetEvent(pos->event))
-			fail = 1;
-	}
-	// The wait function will remove its respective item from the list.
-	return fail ? ((errno=EINVAL)) : 0;
-}
-int usbi_cond_signal(usbi_cond_t *cond) {
-	// Assumes mutex is locked; this is not in keeping with POSIX spec, but
-	//   libusb does this anyway, so we simplify by not adding more sync
-	//   primitives to the CV definition!
-	struct usbi_cond_perthread *pos;
-	if(!cond)                      return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	if(list_empty(&cond->waiters)) return 0; // no one to wakeup.
-	pos = list_entry(&cond->waiters.next, struct usbi_cond_perthread, list);
-	// The wait function will remove its respective item from the list.
-	return SetEvent(pos->event) ? 0 : ((errno=EINVAL));
-}
-static int __inline usbi_cond_intwait(usbi_cond_t *cond,
-									  usbi_mutex_t *mutex,
-									  DWORD timeout_ms) {
-	struct usbi_cond_perthread *pos;
-	int found = 0, r;
-	DWORD r2,tid = GetCurrentThreadId();
-	if(!cond || !mutex) return ((errno=EINVAL));
-	list_for_each_entry(pos, &cond->not_waiting, list, struct usbi_cond_perthread) {
-		if(tid == pos->tid) {
-			found = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-	if(!found) {
-		pos      = malloc(sizeof(struct usbi_cond_perthread));
-		if(!pos) return ((errno=ENOMEM)); // This errno is not POSIX-allowed.
-		pos->tid = tid;
-		pos->event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL); // auto-reset.
-		if(!pos->event) {
-			free(pos);
-			return      ((errno=ENOMEM));
-		}
-		list_add(&pos->list, &cond->not_waiting);
-	}
-
-	list_del(&pos->list); // remove from not_waiting list.
-	list_add(&pos->list, &cond->waiters);
-
-	r  = usbi_mutex_unlock(mutex);
-	if(r) return r;
-	r2 = WaitForSingleObject(pos->event, timeout_ms);
-	r  = usbi_mutex_lock(mutex);
-	if(r) return r;
-
-	list_del(&pos->list);
-	list_add(&pos->list, &cond->not_waiting);
-
-	if(r2 == WAIT_TIMEOUT) return ((errno=ETIMEDOUT));
-
-	return 0;
-}
-// N.B.: usbi_cond_*wait() can also return ENOMEM, even though pthread_cond_*wait cannot!
-int usbi_cond_wait(usbi_cond_t *cond, usbi_mutex_t *mutex) {
-	return usbi_cond_intwait(cond, mutex, INFINITE);
-}
-int usbi_cond_timedwait(usbi_cond_t *cond,
-						usbi_mutex_t *mutex,
-						const struct timespec *abstime) {
-	FILETIME filetime;
-	ULARGE_INTEGER rtime;
-	struct timeval targ_time, cur_time, delta_time;
-	struct timespec cur_time_ns;
-	DWORD millis;
-	extern const uint64_t epoch_time;
-
-	GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&filetime);
-	rtime.LowPart   = filetime.dwLowDateTime;
-	rtime.HighPart  = filetime.dwHighDateTime;
-	rtime.QuadPart -= epoch_time;
-	cur_time_ns.tv_sec = (long)(rtime.QuadPart / 10000000);
-	cur_time_ns.tv_nsec = (long)((rtime.QuadPart % 10000000)*100);
-	TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&cur_time, &cur_time_ns);
-
-	TIMESPEC_TO_TIMEVAL(&targ_time, abstime);
-	timersub(&targ_time, &cur_time, &delta_time);
-	if(delta_time.tv_sec < 0) // abstime already passed?
-		millis = 0;
-	else {
-		millis  = delta_time.tv_usec/1000;
-		millis += delta_time.tv_sec *1000;
-		if (delta_time.tv_usec % 1000) // round up to next millisecond
-			millis++;
-	}
-
-	return usbi_cond_intwait(cond, mutex, millis);
-}
-
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 2cd1867..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/threads_windows.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,84 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * libusb synchronization on Microsoft Windows
- *
- * Copyright (C) 2010 Michael Plante <michael.plante@gmail.com>
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#ifndef __LIBUSB_THREADS_WINDOWS_H__
-#define __LIBUSB_THREADS_WINDOWS_H__
-
-#define usbi_mutex_static_t     volatile LONG
-#define USBI_MUTEX_INITIALIZER  0
-
-#define usbi_mutex_t            HANDLE
-
-struct usbi_cond_perthread {
-	struct list_head list;
-	DWORD            tid;
-	HANDLE           event;
-};
-struct usbi_cond_t_ {
-	// Every time a thread touches the CV, it winds up in one of these lists.
-	//   It stays there until the CV is destroyed, even if the thread
-	//   terminates.
-	struct list_head waiters;
-	struct list_head not_waiting;
-};
-typedef struct usbi_cond_t_ usbi_cond_t;
-
-// We *were* getting timespec from pthread.h:
-#if (!defined(HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC) && !defined(_TIMESPEC_DEFINED))
-#define HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC 1
-#define _TIMESPEC_DEFINED 1
-struct timespec {
-		long tv_sec;
-		long tv_nsec;
-};
-#endif /* HAVE_STRUCT_TIMESPEC | _TIMESPEC_DEFINED */
-
-// We *were* getting ETIMEDOUT from pthread.h:
-#ifndef ETIMEDOUT
-#  define ETIMEDOUT 10060     /* This is the value in winsock.h. */
-#endif
-
-#define usbi_mutexattr_t void
-#define usbi_condattr_t  void
-
-
-int usbi_mutex_static_lock(usbi_mutex_static_t *mutex);
-int usbi_mutex_static_unlock(usbi_mutex_static_t *mutex);
-
-
-int usbi_mutex_init(usbi_mutex_t *mutex,
-					const usbi_mutexattr_t *attr);
-int usbi_mutex_lock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex);
-int usbi_mutex_unlock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex);
-int usbi_mutex_trylock(usbi_mutex_t *mutex);
-int usbi_mutex_destroy(usbi_mutex_t *mutex);
-
-int usbi_cond_init(usbi_cond_t *cond,
-				   const usbi_condattr_t *attr);
-int usbi_cond_destroy(usbi_cond_t *cond);
-int usbi_cond_wait(usbi_cond_t *cond, usbi_mutex_t *mutex);
-int usbi_cond_timedwait(usbi_cond_t *cond,
-						usbi_mutex_t *mutex,
-						const struct timespec *abstime);
-int usbi_cond_broadcast(usbi_cond_t *cond);
-int usbi_cond_signal(usbi_cond_t *cond);
-
-#endif /* __LIBUSB_THREADS_WINDOWS_H__ */
-
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.c b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 9223afb..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,4204 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * windows backend for libusb 1.0
- * Copyright (c) 2009-2010 Pete Batard <pbatard@gmail.com>
- * With contributions from Michael Plante, Orin Eman et al.
- * Parts of this code adapted from libusb-win32-v1 by Stephan Meyer
- * HID Reports IOCTLs inspired from HIDAPI by Alan Ott, Signal 11 Software
- * Hash table functions adapted from glibc, by Ulrich Drepper et al.
- * Major code testing contribution by Xiaofan Chen
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-// COMPILATION OPTIONS:
-// - Should libusb automatically claim (and release) the interfaces it requires?
-#define AUTO_CLAIM
-// - Forces instant overlapped completion on timeouts: can prevents extensive
-//   wait in poll, after a timeout, but might affect subsequent API calls.
-//   ***USE AT YOUR OWN RISKS***
-//#define FORCE_INSTANT_TIMEOUTS
-
-// TODO: move all the assertion failures to usbi_err
-
-#include <config.h>
-#include <windows.h>
-#include <setupapi.h>
-#include <ctype.h>
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <fcntl.h>
-#include <process.h>
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <inttypes.h>
-#include <objbase.h>
-#include <winioctl.h>
-
-#include <libusbi.h>
-#include "poll_windows.h"
-#include "windows_usb.h"
-
-// The following prevents "banned API" errors when using the MS's WDK OACR/Prefast
-#if defined(_PREFAST_)
-#pragma warning(disable:28719)
-#endif
-
-// The 2 macros below are used in conjunction with safe loops.
-#define LOOP_CHECK(fcall) { r=fcall; if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) continue; }
-#define LOOP_BREAK(err) { r=err; continue; }
-
-extern void usbi_fd_notification(struct libusb_context *ctx);
-
-// Helper prototypes
-static int windows_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian);
-static int windows_clock_gettime(int clk_id, struct timespec *tp);
-unsigned __stdcall windows_clock_gettime_threaded(void* param);
-// HUB (limited) API prototypes
-static int hub_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static void hub_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-// WinUSB API prototypes
-static int winusb_init(struct libusb_context *ctx);
-static int winusb_exit(void);
-static int winusb_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static void winusb_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int winusb_configure_endpoints(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int winusb_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int winusb_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int winusb_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int winusb_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting);
-static int winusb_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int winusb_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
-static int winusb_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int winusb_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int winusb_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int winusb_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size);
-// HID API prototypes
-static int hid_init(struct libusb_context *ctx);
-static int hid_exit(void);
-static int hid_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static void hid_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int hid_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int hid_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int hid_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting);
-static int hid_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int hid_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int hid_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
-static int hid_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int hid_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int hid_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size);
-// Composite API prototypes
-static int composite_init(struct libusb_context *ctx);
-static int composite_exit(void);
-static int composite_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static void composite_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int composite_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int composite_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting);
-static int composite_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-static int composite_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int composite_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int composite_submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int composite_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
-static int composite_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int composite_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-static int composite_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-static int composite_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size);
-
-// Workaround for MinGW-w64 multilib bug
-#if defined(_MSC_VER) || defined(_WIN64)
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDINCREMENT
-#define pInterlockedExchange InterlockedExchange
-#define pInterlockedIncrement InterlockedIncrement
-#else
-static LONG (WINAPI *pInterlockedExchange)(LONG volatile *, LONG) = NULL;
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) {		\
-	pInterlockedExchange = (LONG (WINAPI *)(LONG volatile *, LONG))			\
-		GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32"), "InterlockedExchange");	\
-	if (pInterlockedExchange == NULL) {										\
-		usbi_err(NULL, "InterlockedExchange is unavailable");				\
-		return 1;															\
-	}																		\
-}
-static LONG (WINAPI *pInterlockedIncrement)(LONG volatile *) = NULL;
-#define INIT_INTERLOCKEDINCREMENT if (pInterlockedIncrement == NULL) {		\
-	pInterlockedIncrement = (LONG (WINAPI *)(LONG volatile *))				\
-		GetProcAddress(GetModuleHandle("KERNEL32"), "InterlockedIncrement");\
-	if (pInterlockedIncrement == NULL) {									\
-		usbi_err(NULL, "IInterlockedIncrement is unavailable");				\
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;										\
-	}																		\
-}
-#endif
-
-// Global variables
-uint64_t hires_frequency, hires_ticks_to_ps;
-const uint64_t epoch_time = UINT64_C(116444736000000000);	// 1970.01.01 00:00:000 in MS Filetime
-enum windows_version windows_version = WINDOWS_UNSUPPORTED;
-// Concurrency
-static int concurrent_usage = -1;
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-usbi_mutex_t autoclaim_lock;
-#endif
-// Timer thread
-// NB: index 0 is for monotonic and 1 is for the thread exit event
-HANDLE timer_thread = NULL;
-HANDLE timer_mutex = NULL;
-struct timespec timer_tp;
-volatile LONG request_count[2] = {0, 1};	// last one must be > 0
-HANDLE timer_request[2] = { NULL, NULL };
-HANDLE timer_response = NULL;
-// API globals
-bool api_winusb_available = false;
-#define CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE do { if (!api_winusb_available) return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS; } while (0)
-bool api_hid_available = false;
-#define CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE do { if (!api_hid_available) return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS; } while (0)
-
-static inline BOOLEAN guid_eq(const GUID *guid1, const GUID *guid2) {
-	if ((guid1 != NULL) && (guid2 != NULL)) {
-		return (memcmp(guid1, guid2, sizeof(GUID)) == 0);
-	}
-	return false;
-}
-
-#if defined(ENABLE_DEBUG_LOGGING) || defined(INCLUDE_DEBUG_LOGGING)
-static char* guid_to_string(const GUID* guid)
-{
-	static char guid_string[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH];
-
-	if (guid == NULL) return NULL;
-	sprintf(guid_string, "{%08X-%04X-%04X-%02X%02X-%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X%02X}",
-		(unsigned int)guid->Data1, guid->Data2, guid->Data3,
-		guid->Data4[0], guid->Data4[1], guid->Data4[2], guid->Data4[3],
-		guid->Data4[4], guid->Data4[5], guid->Data4[6], guid->Data4[7]);
-	return guid_string;
-}
-#endif
-
-/*
- * Converts a windows error to human readable string
- * uses retval as errorcode, or, if 0, use GetLastError()
- */
-static char *windows_error_str(uint32_t retval)
-{
-static char err_string[ERR_BUFFER_SIZE];
-
-	DWORD size;
-	size_t i;
-	uint32_t error_code, format_error;
-
-	error_code = retval?retval:GetLastError();
-
-	safe_sprintf(err_string, ERR_BUFFER_SIZE, "[%d] ", error_code);
-
-	size = FormatMessageA(FORMAT_MESSAGE_FROM_SYSTEM, NULL, error_code,
-		MAKELANGID(LANG_NEUTRAL, SUBLANG_DEFAULT), &err_string[safe_strlen(err_string)],
-		ERR_BUFFER_SIZE - (DWORD)safe_strlen(err_string), NULL);
-	if (size == 0) {
-		format_error = GetLastError();
-		if (format_error)
-			safe_sprintf(err_string, ERR_BUFFER_SIZE,
-				"Windows error code %u (FormatMessage error code %u)", error_code, format_error);
-		else
-			safe_sprintf(err_string, ERR_BUFFER_SIZE, "Unknown error code %u", error_code);
-	} else {
-		// Remove CR/LF terminators
-		for (i=safe_strlen(err_string)-1; ((err_string[i]==0x0A) || (err_string[i]==0x0D)); i--) {
-			err_string[i] = 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return err_string;
-}
-
-/*
- * Sanitize Microsoft's paths: convert to uppercase, add prefix and fix backslashes.
- * Return an allocated sanitized string or NULL on error.
- */
-static char* sanitize_path(const char* path)
-{
-	const char root_prefix[] = "\\\\.\\";
-	size_t j, size, root_size;
-	char* ret_path = NULL;
-	size_t add_root = 0;
-
-	if (path == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	size = safe_strlen(path)+1;
-	root_size = sizeof(root_prefix)-1;
-
-	// Microsoft indiscriminatly uses '\\?\', '\\.\', '##?#" or "##.#" for root prefixes.
-	if (!((size > 3) && (((path[0] == '\\') && (path[1] == '\\') && (path[3] == '\\')) ||
-		((path[0] == '#') && (path[1] == '#') && (path[3] == '#'))))) {
-		add_root = root_size;
-		size += add_root;
-	}
-
-	if ((ret_path = (char*)calloc(size, 1)) == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	safe_strcpy(&ret_path[add_root], size-add_root, path);
-
-	// Ensure consistancy with root prefix
-	for (j=0; j<root_size; j++)
-		ret_path[j] = root_prefix[j];
-
-	// Same goes for '\' and '#' after the root prefix. Ensure '#' is used
-	for(j=root_size; j<size; j++) {
-		ret_path[j] = (char)toupper((int)ret_path[j]);	// Fix case too
-		if (ret_path[j] == '\\')
-			ret_path[j] = '#';
-	}
-
-	return ret_path;
-}
-
-/*
- * Cfgmgr32, OLE32 and SetupAPI DLL functions
- */
-static int init_dlls(void)
-{
-	DLL_LOAD(Cfgmgr32.dll, CM_Get_Parent, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(Cfgmgr32.dll, CM_Get_Child, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(Cfgmgr32.dll, CM_Get_Sibling, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(Cfgmgr32.dll, CM_Get_Device_IDA, TRUE);
-	// Prefixed to avoid conflict with header files
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(OLE32.dll, p, CLSIDFromString, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiGetClassDevsA, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiOpenDevRegKey, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(SetupAPI.dll, p, SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(AdvAPI32.dll, p, RegQueryValueExW, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(AdvAPI32.dll, p, RegCloseKey, TRUE);
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * enumerate interfaces for the whole USB class
- *
- * Parameters:
- * dev_info: a pointer to a dev_info list
- * dev_info_data: a pointer to an SP_DEVINFO_DATA to be filled (or NULL if not needed)
- * guid: the GUID for which to retrieve interface details
- * index: zero based index of the interface in the device info list
- *
- * Note: it is the responsibility of the caller to free the DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
- * structure returned and call this function repeatedly using the same guid (with an
- * incremented index starting at zero) until all interfaces have been returned.
- */
-bool get_devinfo_data(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data, unsigned _index)
-{
-	if (_index <= 0) {
-		*dev_info = pSetupDiGetClassDevsA(NULL, "USB", NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_ALLCLASSES);
-		if (*dev_info == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-			return false;
-		}
-	}
-
-	dev_info_data->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
-	if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(*dev_info, _index, dev_info_data)) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain device info data for index %u: %s",
-				_index, windows_error_str(0));
-		}
-		pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
-		*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-		return false;
-	}
-	return true;
-}
-
-/*
- * enumerate interfaces for a specific GUID
- *
- * Parameters:
- * dev_info: a pointer to a dev_info list
- * dev_info_data: a pointer to an SP_DEVINFO_DATA to be filled (or NULL if not needed)
- * guid: the GUID for which to retrieve interface details
- * index: zero based index of the interface in the device info list
- *
- * Note: it is the responsibility of the caller to free the DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA
- * structure returned and call this function repeatedly using the same guid (with an
- * incremented index starting at zero) until all interfaces have been returned.
- */
-SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A *get_interface_details(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-	HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data, const GUID* guid, unsigned _index)
-{
-	SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA dev_interface_data;
-	SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A *dev_interface_details = NULL;
-	DWORD size;
-
-	if (_index <= 0) {
-		*dev_info = pSetupDiGetClassDevsA(guid, NULL, NULL, DIGCF_PRESENT|DIGCF_DEVICEINTERFACE);
-	}
-
-	if (dev_info_data != NULL) {
-		dev_info_data->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVINFO_DATA);
-		if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInfo(*dev_info, _index, dev_info_data)) {
-			if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
-				usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain device info data for index %u: %s",
-					_index, windows_error_str(0));
-			}
-			pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
-			*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-			return NULL;
-		}
-	}
-
-	dev_interface_data.cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA);
-	if (!pSetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces(*dev_info, NULL, guid, _index, &dev_interface_data)) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "Could not obtain interface data for index %u: %s",
-				_index, windows_error_str(0));
-		}
-		pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
-		*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	// Read interface data (dummy + actual) to access the device path
-	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(*dev_info, &dev_interface_data, NULL, 0, &size, NULL)) {
-		// The dummy call should fail with ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (dummy) for index %u: %s",
-				_index, windows_error_str(0));
-			goto err_exit;
-		}
-	} else {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms792901.aspx is wrong.");
-		goto err_exit;
-	}
-
-	if ((dev_interface_details = malloc(size)) == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate interface data for index %u.", _index);
-		goto err_exit;
-	}
-
-	dev_interface_details->cbSize = sizeof(SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A);
-	if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA(*dev_info, &dev_interface_data,
-		dev_interface_details, size, &size, NULL)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface data (actual) for index %u: %s",
-			_index, windows_error_str(0));
-	}
-
-	return dev_interface_details;
-
-err_exit:
-	pSetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList(*dev_info);
-	*dev_info = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-/* Hash table functions - modified From glibc 2.3.2:
-   [Aho,Sethi,Ullman] Compilers: Principles, Techniques and Tools, 1986
-   [Knuth]            The Art of Computer Programming, part 3 (6.4)  */
-typedef struct htab_entry {
-	unsigned long used;
-	char* str;
-} htab_entry;
-htab_entry* htab_table = NULL;
-usbi_mutex_t htab_write_mutex = NULL;
-unsigned long htab_size, htab_filled;
-
-/* For the used double hash method the table size has to be a prime. To
-   correct the user given table size we need a prime test.  This trivial
-   algorithm is adequate because the code is called only during init and
-   the number is likely to be small  */
-static int isprime(unsigned long number)
-{
-	// no even number will be passed
-	unsigned int divider = 3;
-
-	while((divider * divider < number) && (number % divider != 0))
-		divider += 2;
-
-	return (number % divider != 0);
-}
-
-/* Before using the hash table we must allocate memory for it.
-   We allocate one element more as the found prime number says.
-   This is done for more effective indexing as explained in the
-   comment for the hash function.  */
-int htab_create(struct libusb_context *ctx, unsigned long nel)
-{
-	if (htab_table != NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "hash table already allocated");
-	}
-
-	// Create a mutex
-	usbi_mutex_init(&htab_write_mutex, NULL);
-
-	// Change nel to the first prime number not smaller as nel.
-	nel |= 1;
-	while(!isprime(nel))
-		nel += 2;
-
-	htab_size = nel;
-	usbi_dbg("using %d entries hash table", nel);
-	htab_filled = 0;
-
-	// allocate memory and zero out.
-	htab_table = (htab_entry*)calloc(htab_size + 1, sizeof(htab_entry));
-	if (htab_table == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate space for hash table");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
-/* After using the hash table it has to be destroyed.  */
-void htab_destroy(void)
-{
-	size_t i;
-	if (htab_table == NULL) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	for (i=0; i<htab_size; i++) {
-		if (htab_table[i].used) {
-			safe_free(htab_table[i].str);
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_mutex_destroy(&htab_write_mutex);
-	safe_free(htab_table);
-}
-
-/* This is the search function. It uses double hashing with open addressing.
-   We use an trick to speed up the lookup. The table is created with one
-   more element available. This enables us to use the index zero special.
-   This index will never be used because we store the first hash index in
-   the field used where zero means not used. Every other value means used.
-   The used field can be used as a first fast comparison for equality of
-   the stored and the parameter value. This helps to prevent unnecessary
-   expensive calls of strcmp.  */
-unsigned long htab_hash(char* str)
-{
-	unsigned long hval, hval2;
-	unsigned long idx;
-	unsigned long r = 5381;
-	int c;
-	char* sz = str;
-
-	// Compute main hash value (algorithm suggested by Nokia)
-	while ((c = *sz++))
-		r = ((r << 5) + r) + c;
-	if (r == 0)
-		++r;
-
-	// compute table hash: simply take the modulus
-	hval = r % htab_size;
-	if (hval == 0)
-		++hval;
-
-	// Try the first index
-	idx = hval;
-
-	if (htab_table[idx].used) {
-		if ( (htab_table[idx].used == hval)
-		  && (safe_strcmp(str, htab_table[idx].str) == 0) ) {
-			// existing hash
-			return idx;
-		}
-		usbi_dbg("hash collision ('%s' vs '%s')", str, htab_table[idx].str);
-
-		// Second hash function, as suggested in [Knuth]
-		hval2 = 1 + hval % (htab_size - 2);
-
-		do {
-			// Because size is prime this guarantees to step through all available indexes
-			if (idx <= hval2) {
-				idx = htab_size + idx - hval2;
-			} else {
-				idx -= hval2;
-			}
-
-			// If we visited all entries leave the loop unsuccessfully
-			if (idx == hval) {
-				break;
-			}
-
-			// If entry is found use it.
-			if ( (htab_table[idx].used == hval)
-			  && (safe_strcmp(str, htab_table[idx].str) == 0) ) {
-				return idx;
-			}
-		}
-		while (htab_table[idx].used);
-	}
-
-	// Not found => New entry
-
-	// If the table is full return an error
-	if (htab_filled >= htab_size) {
-		usbi_err(NULL, "hash table is full (%d entries)", htab_size);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	// Concurrent threads might be storing the same entry at the same time
-	// (eg. "simultaneous" enums from different threads) => use a mutex
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&htab_write_mutex);
-	// Just free any previously allocated string (which should be the same as
-	// new one). The possibility of concurrent threads storing a collision
-	// string (same hash, different string) at the same time is extremely low
-	safe_free(htab_table[idx].str);
-	htab_table[idx].used = hval;
-	htab_table[idx].str = malloc(safe_strlen(str)+1);
-	if (htab_table[idx].str == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(NULL, "could not duplicate string for hash table");
-		usbi_mutex_unlock(&htab_write_mutex);
-		return 0;
-	}
-	memcpy(htab_table[idx].str, str, safe_strlen(str)+1);
-	++htab_filled;
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&htab_write_mutex);
-
-	return idx;
-}
-
-/*
- * Returns the session ID of a device's nth level ancestor
- * If there's no device at the nth level, return 0
- */
-static unsigned long get_ancestor_session_id(DWORD devinst, unsigned level)
-{
-	DWORD parent_devinst;
-	unsigned long session_id = 0;
-	char* sanitized_path = NULL;
-	char path[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-	unsigned i;
-
-	if (level < 1) return 0;
-	for (i = 0; i<level; i++) {
-		if (CM_Get_Parent(&parent_devinst, devinst, 0) != CR_SUCCESS) {
-			return 0;
-		}
-		devinst = parent_devinst;
-	}
-	if (CM_Get_Device_IDA(devinst, path, MAX_PATH_LENGTH, 0) != CR_SUCCESS) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-	// TODO (post hotplug): try without sanitizing
-	sanitized_path = sanitize_path(path);
-	if (sanitized_path == NULL) {
-		return 0;
-	}
-	session_id = htab_hash(sanitized_path);
-	safe_free(sanitized_path);
-	return session_id;
-}
-
-/*
- * Populate the endpoints addresses of the device_priv interface helper structs
- */
-static int windows_assign_endpoints(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting)
-{
-	int i, r;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct libusb_config_descriptor *conf_desc;
-	const struct libusb_interface_descriptor *if_desc;
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	r = libusb_get_config_descriptor(dev_handle->dev, 0, &conf_desc);
-	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "could not read config descriptor: error %d", r);
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	if_desc = &conf_desc->interface[iface].altsetting[altsetting];
-	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
-
-	if (if_desc->bNumEndpoints == 0) {
-		usbi_dbg("no endpoints found for interface %d", iface);
-		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	}
-
-	priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint = malloc(if_desc->bNumEndpoints);
-	if (priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints = if_desc->bNumEndpoints;
-	for (i=0; i<if_desc->bNumEndpoints; i++) {
-		priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i] = if_desc->endpoint[i].bEndpointAddress;
-		usbi_dbg("(re)assigned endpoint %02X to interface %d", priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i], iface);
-	}
-	libusb_free_config_descriptor(conf_desc);
-
-	// Extra init is required for WinUSB endpoints
-	if (priv->apib->id == USB_API_WINUSB) {
-		return winusb_configure_endpoints(dev_handle, iface);
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-// Lookup for a match in the list of API driver names
-bool is_api_driver(char* driver, uint8_t api)
-{
-	uint8_t i;
-	const char sep_str[2] = {LIST_SEPARATOR, 0};
-	char *tok, *tmp_str;
-	size_t len = safe_strlen(driver);
-
-	if (len == 0) return false;
-	tmp_str = calloc(len+1, 1);
-	if (tmp_str == NULL) return false;
-	memcpy(tmp_str, driver, len+1);
-	tok = strtok(tmp_str, sep_str);
-	while (tok != NULL) {
-		for (i=0; i<usb_api_backend[api].nb_driver_names; i++) {
-			if (safe_strcmp(tok, usb_api_backend[api].driver_name_list[i]) == 0) {
-				free(tmp_str);
-				return true;
-			}
-		}
-		tok = strtok(NULL, sep_str);
-	}
-	free (tmp_str);
-	return false;
-}
-
-/*
- * auto-claiming and auto-release helper functions
- */
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-static int auto_claim(struct libusb_transfer *transfer, int *interface_number, int api_type)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(
-		transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int current_interface = *interface_number;
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-	switch(api_type) {
-	case USB_API_WINUSB:
-	case USB_API_HID:
-		break;
-	default:
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&autoclaim_lock);
-	if (current_interface < 0)	// No serviceable interface was found
-	{
-		for (current_interface=0; current_interface<USB_MAXINTERFACES; current_interface++) {
-			// Must claim an interface of the same API type
-			if ( (priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->id == api_type)
-			  && (libusb_claim_interface(transfer->dev_handle, current_interface) == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) ) {
-				usbi_dbg("auto-claimed interface %d for control request", current_interface);
-				if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface] != 0) {
-					usbi_warn(ctx, "program assertion failed - autoclaim_count was nonzero");
-				}
-				handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface]++;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (current_interface == USB_MAXINTERFACES) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not auto-claim any interface");
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-	} else {
-		// If we have a valid interface that was autoclaimed, we must increment
-		// its autoclaim count so that we can prevent an early release.
-		if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface] != 0) {
-			handle_priv->autoclaim_count[current_interface]++;
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&autoclaim_lock);
-
-	*interface_number = current_interface;
-	return r;
-
-}
-
-static void auto_release(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	libusb_device_handle *dev_handle = transfer->dev_handle;
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv* handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	int r;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&autoclaim_lock);
-	if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number] > 0) {
-		handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number]--;
-		if (handle_priv->autoclaim_count[transfer_priv->interface_number] == 0) {
-			r = libusb_release_interface(dev_handle, transfer_priv->interface_number);
-			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				usbi_dbg("auto-released interface %d", transfer_priv->interface_number);
-			} else {
-				usbi_dbg("failed to auto-release interface %d (%s)",
-					transfer_priv->interface_number, libusb_strerror(r));
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&autoclaim_lock);
-}
-#endif
-
-
-/*
- * init: libusb backend init function
- *
- * This function enumerates the HCDs (Host Controller Drivers) and populates our private HCD list
- * In our implementation, we equate Windows' "HCD" to LibUSB's "bus". Note that bus is zero indexed.
- * HCDs are not expected to change after init (might not hold true for hot pluggable USB PCI card?)
- */
-static int windows_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
-{
-	int i, r = LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	OSVERSIONINFO os_version;
-	HANDLE semaphore;
-	char sem_name[11+1+8]; // strlen(libusb_init)+'\0'+(32-bit hex PID)
-
-	sprintf(sem_name, "libusb_init%08X", (unsigned int)GetCurrentProcessId()&0xFFFFFFFF);
-	semaphore = CreateSemaphoreA(NULL, 1, 1, sem_name);
-	if (semaphore == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "could not create semaphore: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	// A successful wait brings our semaphore count to 0 (unsignaled)
-	// => any concurent wait stalls until the semaphore's release
-	if (WaitForSingleObject(semaphore, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "failure to access semaphore: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		CloseHandle(semaphore);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	// NB: concurrent usage supposes that init calls are equally balanced with
-	// exit calls. If init is called more than exit, we will not exit properly
-	if ( ++concurrent_usage == 0 ) {	// First init?
-		// Detect OS version
-		memset(&os_version, 0, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO));
-		os_version.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFO);
-		windows_version = WINDOWS_UNSUPPORTED;
-		if ((GetVersionEx(&os_version) != 0) && (os_version.dwPlatformId == VER_PLATFORM_WIN32_NT)) {
-			if ((os_version.dwMajorVersion == 5) && (os_version.dwMinorVersion == 1)) {
-				windows_version = WINDOWS_XP;
-			} else if ((os_version.dwMajorVersion == 5) && (os_version.dwMinorVersion == 2)) {
-				windows_version = WINDOWS_2003;	// also includes XP 64
-			} else if (os_version.dwMajorVersion >= 6) {
-				windows_version = WINDOWS_VISTA_AND_LATER;
-			}
-		}
-		if (windows_version == WINDOWS_UNSUPPORTED) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "This version of Windows is NOT supported");
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-			goto init_exit;
-		}
-
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-		// We need a lock for proper auto-release
-		usbi_mutex_init(&autoclaim_lock, NULL);
-#endif
-
-		// Initialize pollable file descriptors
-		init_polling();
-
-		// Load DLL imports
-		if (init_dlls() != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not resolve DLL functions");
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-
-		// Initialize the low level APIs (we don't care about errors at this stage)
-		for (i=0; i<USB_API_MAX; i++) {
-			usb_api_backend[i].init(ctx);
-		}
-
-		// Because QueryPerformanceCounter might report different values when
-		// running on different cores, we create a separate thread for the timer
-		// calls, which we glue to the first core always to prevent timing discrepancies.
-		r = LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-			timer_request[i] = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
-			if (timer_request[i] == NULL) {
-				usbi_err(ctx, "could not create timer request event %d - aborting", i);
-				goto init_exit;
-			}
-		}
-		timer_response = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, MAX_TIMER_SEMAPHORES, NULL);
-		if (timer_response == NULL) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not create timer response semaphore - aborting");
-			goto init_exit;
-		}
-		timer_mutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
-		if (timer_mutex == NULL) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not create timer mutex - aborting");
-			goto init_exit;
-		}
-		timer_thread = (HANDLE)_beginthreadex(NULL, 0, windows_clock_gettime_threaded, NULL, 0, NULL);
-		if (timer_thread == NULL) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "Unable to create timer thread - aborting");
-			goto init_exit;
-		}
-		SetThreadAffinityMask(timer_thread, 0);
-
-		// Create a hash table to store session ids. Second parameter is better if prime
-		htab_create(ctx, HTAB_SIZE);
-
-		r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	}
-
-init_exit: // Holds semaphore here.
-	if(!concurrent_usage && r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) { // First init failed?
-		if (timer_thread) {
-			SetEvent(timer_request[1]); // actually the signal to quit the thread.
-			if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, INFINITE)) {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not wait for timer thread to quit");
-				TerminateThread(timer_thread, 1); // shouldn't happen, but we're destroying
-												  // all objects it might have held anyway.
-			}
-			CloseHandle(timer_thread);
-			timer_thread = NULL;
-		}
-		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-			if (timer_request[i]) {
-				CloseHandle(timer_request[i]);
-				timer_request[i] = NULL;
-			}
-		}
-		if (timer_response) {
-			CloseHandle(timer_response);
-			timer_response = NULL;
-		}
-		if (timer_mutex) {
-			CloseHandle(timer_mutex);
-			timer_mutex = NULL;
-		}
-		htab_destroy();
-	}
-
-	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS)
-		--concurrent_usage; // Not expected to call libusb_exit if we failed.
-
-	ReleaseSemaphore(semaphore, 1, NULL);	// increase count back to 1
-	CloseHandle(semaphore);
-	return r;
-}
-
-/*
- * HCD (root) hubs need to have their device descriptor manually populated
- *
- * Note that, like Microsoft does in the device manager, we populate the
- * Vendor and Device ID for HCD hubs with the ones from the PCI HCD device.
- */
-static int force_hcd_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *parent_priv, *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
-	int vid, pid;
-
-	dev->num_configurations = 1;
-	priv->dev_descriptor.bLength = sizeof(USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR);
-	priv->dev_descriptor.bDescriptorType = USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE;
-	priv->dev_descriptor.bNumConfigurations = 1;
-	priv->active_config = 1;
-
-	if (priv->parent_dev == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - HCD hub has no parent");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-	parent_priv = __device_priv(priv->parent_dev);
-	if (sscanf(parent_priv->path, "\\\\.\\PCI#VEN_%04x&DEV_%04x%*s", &vid, &pid) == 2) {
-		priv->dev_descriptor.idVendor = (uint16_t)vid;
-		priv->dev_descriptor.idProduct = (uint16_t)pid;
-	} else {
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "could not infer VID/PID of HCD hub from '%s'", parent_priv->path);
-		priv->dev_descriptor.idVendor = 0x1d6b;		// Linux Foundation root hub
-		priv->dev_descriptor.idProduct = 1;
-	}
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * fetch and cache all the config descriptors through I/O
- */
-static int cache_config_descriptors(struct libusb_device *dev, HANDLE hub_handle, char* device_id)
-{
-	DWORD size, ret_size;
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	int r;
-	uint8_t i;
-
-	USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_SHORT cd_buf_short;    // dummy request
-	PUSB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST cd_buf_actual = NULL;       // actual request
-	PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR cd_data = NULL;
-
-	if (dev->num_configurations == 0)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	priv->config_descriptor = malloc(dev->num_configurations * sizeof(PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR));
-	if (priv->config_descriptor == NULL)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	for (i=0; i<dev->num_configurations; i++)
-		priv->config_descriptor[i] = NULL;
-
-	for (i=0, r=LIBUSB_SUCCESS; ; i++)
-	{
-		// safe loop: release all dynamic resources
-		safe_free(cd_buf_actual);
-
-		// safe loop: end of loop condition
-		if ((i >= dev->num_configurations) || (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS))
-			break;
-
-		size = sizeof(USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_SHORT);
-		memset(&cd_buf_short, 0, size);
-
-		cd_buf_short.req.ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)priv->port;
-		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.bmRequest = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.bRequest = USB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR;
-		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wValue = (USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE << 8) | i;
-		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wIndex = i;
-		cd_buf_short.req.SetupPacket.wLength = (USHORT)(size - sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST));
-
-		// Dummy call to get the required data size
-		if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION, &cd_buf_short, size,
-			&cd_buf_short, size, &ret_size, NULL)) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access configuration descriptor (dummy) for '%s': %s", device_id, windows_error_str(0));
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_IO);
-		}
-
-		if ((ret_size != size) || (cd_buf_short.data.wTotalLength < sizeof(USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR))) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "unexpected configuration descriptor size (dummy) for '%s'.", device_id);
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_IO);
-		}
-
-		size = sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST) + cd_buf_short.data.wTotalLength;
-		if ((cd_buf_actual = (PUSB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST)malloc(size)) == NULL) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not allocate configuration descriptor buffer for '%s'.", device_id);
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
-		}
-		memset(cd_buf_actual, 0, size);
-
-		// Actual call
-		cd_buf_actual->ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)priv->port;
-		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.bmRequest = LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.bRequest = USB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR;
-		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wValue = (USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE << 8) | i;
-		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wIndex = i;
-		cd_buf_actual->SetupPacket.wLength = (USHORT)(size - sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST));
-
-		if (!DeviceIoControl(hub_handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION, cd_buf_actual, size,
-			cd_buf_actual, size, &ret_size, NULL)) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access configuration descriptor (actual) for '%s': %s", device_id, windows_error_str(0));
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_IO);
-		}
-
-		cd_data = (PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR)((UCHAR*)cd_buf_actual+sizeof(USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST));
-
-		if ((size != ret_size) || (cd_data->wTotalLength != cd_buf_short.data.wTotalLength)) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "unexpected configuration descriptor size (actual) for '%s'.", device_id);
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_IO);
-		}
-
-		if (cd_data->bDescriptorType != USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "not a configuration descriptor for '%s'", device_id);
-			LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_IO);
-		}
-
-		usbi_dbg("cached config descriptor %d (bConfigurationValue=%d, %d bytes)",
-			i, cd_data->bConfigurationValue, cd_data->wTotalLength);
-
-		// Cache the descriptor
-		priv->config_descriptor[i] = malloc(cd_data->wTotalLength);
-		if (priv->config_descriptor[i] == NULL)
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-
-		memcpy(priv->config_descriptor[i], cd_data, cd_data->wTotalLength);
-	}
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * Populate a libusb device structure
- */
-static int init_device(struct libusb_device* dev, struct libusb_device* parent_dev,
-					   uint8_t port_number, char* device_id, DWORD devinst)
-{
-	HANDLE handle;
-	DWORD size;
-	USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION conn_info;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv, *parent_priv;
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev);
-	struct libusb_device* tmp_dev;
-	unsigned i;
-
-	if ((dev == NULL) || (parent_dev == NULL)) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-	priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	parent_priv = __device_priv(parent_dev);
-	if (parent_priv->apib->id != USB_API_HUB) {
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "parent for device '%s' is not a hub", device_id);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	// It is possible for the parent hub not to have been initialized yet
-	// If that's the case, lookup the ancestors to set the bus number
-	if (parent_dev->bus_number == 0) {
-		for (i=2; ; i++) {
-			tmp_dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, get_ancestor_session_id(devinst, i));
-			if (tmp_dev == NULL) break;
-			if (tmp_dev->bus_number != 0) {
-				usbi_dbg("got bus number from ancestor #%d", i);
-				parent_dev->bus_number = tmp_dev->bus_number;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if (parent_dev->bus_number == 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: unable to find ancestor bus number for '%s'", device_id);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-	dev->bus_number = parent_dev->bus_number;
-	priv->port = port_number;
-	priv->depth = parent_priv->depth + 1;
-	priv->parent_dev = parent_dev;
-	memset(&conn_info, 0, sizeof(conn_info));
-
-	if (priv->depth != 0) {	// Not a HCD hub
-		handle = CreateFileA(parent_priv->path, GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
-			FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
-		if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not open hub %s: %s", parent_priv->path, windows_error_str(0));
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-		}
-		size = sizeof(USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION);
-		conn_info.ConnectionIndex = (ULONG)port_number;
-		if (!DeviceIoControl(handle, IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, &conn_info, size,
-			&conn_info, size, &size, NULL)) {
-			usbi_warn(ctx, "could not get node connection information for device '%s': %s",
-				device_id, windows_error_str(0));
-			safe_closehandle(handle);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-		}
-		if (conn_info.ConnectionStatus == NoDeviceConnected) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "device '%s' is no longer connected!", device_id);
-			safe_closehandle(handle);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-		}
-		dev->device_address = (uint8_t)conn_info.DeviceAddress;
-		memcpy(&priv->dev_descriptor, &(conn_info.DeviceDescriptor), sizeof(USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR));
-		dev->num_configurations = priv->dev_descriptor.bNumConfigurations;
-		priv->active_config = conn_info.CurrentConfigurationValue;
-		usbi_dbg("found %d configurations (active conf: %d)", dev->num_configurations, priv->active_config);
-		// If we can't read the config descriptors, just set the number of confs to zero
-		if (cache_config_descriptors(dev, handle, device_id) != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-			dev->num_configurations = 0;
-			priv->dev_descriptor.bNumConfigurations = 0;
-		}
-		safe_closehandle(handle);
-
-		if (conn_info.DeviceAddress > UINT8_MAX) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: device address overflow");
-		}
-		dev->device_address = (uint8_t)conn_info.DeviceAddress;
-	} else {
-		dev->device_address = UINT8_MAX;	// Hubs from HCD have a devaddr of 255
-		force_hcd_device_descriptor(dev);
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("(bus: %d, addr: %d, depth: %d, port: %d): '%s'",
-		dev->bus_number, dev->device_address, priv->depth, priv->port, device_id);
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-// Returns the api type, or 0 if not found/unsupported
-static uint8_t get_api_type(struct libusb_context *ctx,
-						HDEVINFO *dev_info, SP_DEVINFO_DATA *dev_info_data)
-{
-	// Precedence for filter drivers vs driver is in the order of this array
-	struct driver_lookup lookup[3] = {
-		{"\0\0", SPDRP_SERVICE, "driver"},
-		{"\0\0", SPDRP_UPPERFILTERS, "upper filter driver"},
-		{"\0\0", SPDRP_LOWERFILTERS, "lower filter driver"}
-	};
-	DWORD size, reg_type;
-	unsigned k, l;
-	uint8_t api;
-
-	// Check the service & filter names to know the API we should use
-	for (k=0; k<3; k++) {
-		if (pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(*dev_info, dev_info_data, lookup[k].reg_prop,
-			&reg_type, (BYTE*)lookup[k].list, MAX_KEY_LENGTH, &size)) {
-			// Turn the REG_SZ SPDRP_SERVICE into REG_MULTI_SZ
-			if (lookup[k].reg_prop == SPDRP_SERVICE) {
-				// our buffers are MAX_KEY_LENGTH+1 so we can overflow if needed
-				lookup[k].list[safe_strlen(lookup[k].list)+1] = 0;
-			}
-			// MULTI_SZ is a pain to work with. Turn it into something much more manageable
-			// NB: none of the driver names we check against contain LIST_SEPARATOR,
-			// (currently ';'), so even if an unsuported one does, it's not an issue
-			for (l=0; (lookup[k].list[l] != 0) || (lookup[k].list[l+1] != 0); l++) {
-				if (lookup[k].list[l] == 0) {
-					lookup[k].list[l] = LIST_SEPARATOR;
-				}
-			}
-			upperize(lookup[k].list);
-			usbi_dbg("%s(s): %s", lookup[k].designation, lookup[k].list);
-		} else {
-			if (GetLastError() != ERROR_INVALID_DATA) {
-				usbi_dbg("could not access %s: %s", lookup[k].designation, windows_error_str(0));
-			}
-			lookup[k].list[0] = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (api=1; api<USB_API_MAX; api++) {
-		for (k=0; k<3; k++) {
-			if (is_api_driver(lookup[k].list, api)) {
-				usbi_dbg("matched %s name against %s", lookup[k].designation, usb_api_backend[api].designation);
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (k >= 3) continue;
-		return api;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int set_composite_interface(struct libusb_context* ctx, struct libusb_device* dev,
-							char* dev_interface_path, char* device_id, uint8_t api)
-{
-	unsigned i;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	int interface_number;
-
-	if (priv->apib->id != USB_API_COMPOSITE) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: '%s' is not composite", device_id);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-
-	// Because MI_## are not necessarily in sequential order (some composite HID
-	// devices will have only MI_00 & MI_03 for instance), we retrieve the actual
-	// interface number from the path's MI value
-	interface_number = 0;
-	for (i=0; device_id[i] != 0; ) {
-		if ( (device_id[i++] == 'M') && (device_id[i++] == 'I')
-		  && (device_id[i++] == '_') ) {
-			interface_number = (device_id[i++] - '0')*10;
-			interface_number += device_id[i] - '0';
-			break;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (device_id[i] == 0) {
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "failure to read interface number for %s. Using default value %d",
-			device_id, interface_number);
-	}
-
-	// HID devices can have multiple collections (COL##) for each MI_## interface
-	if (priv->usb_interface[interface_number].path != NULL) {
-		if (api != USB_API_HID) {
-			usbi_warn(ctx, "program assertion failed %s is not an USB HID collection", device_id);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-		}
-		usbi_dbg("interface[%d] already set - ignoring HID collection: %s",
-			interface_number, device_id);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("interface[%d] = %s", interface_number, dev_interface_path);
-	priv->usb_interface[interface_number].path = dev_interface_path;
-	priv->usb_interface[interface_number].apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
-	if ((api == USB_API_HID) && (priv->hid == NULL)) {
-		priv->hid = calloc(1, sizeof(struct hid_device_priv));
-	}
-	priv->composite_api_flags |= 1<<api;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int set_hid_interface(struct libusb_context* ctx, struct libusb_device* dev,
-							char* dev_interface_path)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-
-	if (priv->hid == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: parent is not HID");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-	priv->usb_interface[priv->hid->nb_interfaces].path = dev_interface_path;
-	priv->usb_interface[priv->hid->nb_interfaces].apib = &usb_api_backend[USB_API_HID];
-	usbi_dbg("interface[%d] = %s", priv->hid->nb_interfaces, dev_interface_path);
-	priv->hid->nb_interfaces++;
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * get_device_list: libusb backend device enumeration function
- */
-static int windows_get_device_list(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct discovered_devs **_discdevs)
-{
-	struct discovered_devs *discdevs = *_discdevs;
-	HDEVINFO dev_info;
-	SP_DEVINFO_DATA dev_info_data;
-	SP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A *dev_interface_details = NULL;
-	GUID hid_guid;
-#define MAX_ENUM_GUIDS 64
-	const GUID* guid[MAX_ENUM_GUIDS];
-#define HCD_PASS 0
-#define HUB_PASS 1
-#define GEN_PASS 2
-#define DEV_PASS 3
-#define HID_PASS 4
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	unsigned int nb_guids, pass, i, j, ancestor;
-	char path[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-	char strbuf[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-	struct libusb_device *dev, *parent_dev;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv, *parent_priv;
-	char* dev_interface_path = NULL;
-	char* dev_id_path = NULL;
-	unsigned long session_id;
-	DWORD size, reg_type, port_nr, install_state;
-	HKEY key;
-	WCHAR guid_string_w[MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH];
-	GUID* if_guid;
-	LONG s;
-	uint8_t api;
-	// Keep a list of newly allocated devs to unref
-	libusb_device** unref_list;
-	unsigned int unref_size = 64;
-	unsigned int unref_cur = 0;
-
-	// PASS 1 : (re)enumerate HCDs (allows for HCD hotplug)
-	// PASS 2 : (re)enumerate HUBS
-	// PASS 3 : (re)enumerate generic USB devices (including driverless)
-	//           and list additional USB device interface GUIDs to explore
-	// PASS 4 : (re)enumerate master USB devices that have a device interface
-	// PASS 5+: (re)enumerate device interfaced GUIDs (including HID) and
-	//           set the device interfaces.
-
-	// Init the GUID table
-	guid[HCD_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HOST_CONTROLLER;
-	guid[HUB_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HUB;
-	guid[GEN_PASS] = NULL;
-	guid[DEV_PASS] = &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE;
-	HidD_GetHidGuid(&hid_guid);
-	guid[HID_PASS] = &hid_guid;
-	nb_guids = HID_PASS+1;
-
-	unref_list = malloc(unref_size*sizeof(libusb_device*));
-	if (unref_list == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	for (pass = 0; ((pass < nb_guids) && (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS)); pass++) {
-//#define ENUM_DEBUG
-#ifdef ENUM_DEBUG
-		switch(pass) {
-		case HCD_PASS:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING HCDs %s", guid_to_string(guid[pass]));
-			break;
-		case HUB_PASS:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING HUBs %s", guid_to_string(guid[pass]));
-			break;
-		case DEV_PASS:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING DEVs %s", guid_to_string(guid[pass]));
-			break;
-		case GEN_PASS:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING GENs");
-			break;
-		case HID_PASS:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING HIDs %s", guid_to_string(guid[pass]));
-			break;
-		default:
-			usbi_dbg("PROCESSING EXTs %s", guid_to_string(guid[pass]));
-			break;
-		}
-#endif
-		for (i = 0; ; i++) {
-			// safe loop: free up any (unprotected) dynamic resource
-			// NB: this is always executed before breaking the loop
-			safe_free(dev_interface_details);
-			safe_free(dev_interface_path);
-			safe_free(dev_id_path);
-			session_id = 0;
-			priv = parent_priv = NULL;
-			dev = parent_dev = NULL;
-
-			// Safe loop: end of loop conditions
-			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				break;
-			}
-			if ((pass == HCD_PASS) && (i == UINT8_MAX)) {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "program assertion failed - found more than %d buses, skipping the rest.", UINT8_MAX);
-				break;
-			}
-			if (pass != GEN_PASS) {
-				// Except for GEN, all passes deal with device interfaces
-				dev_interface_details = get_interface_details(ctx, &dev_info, &dev_info_data, guid[pass], i);
-				if (dev_interface_details == NULL) {
-					break;
-				} else {
-					dev_interface_path = sanitize_path(dev_interface_details->DevicePath);
-					if (dev_interface_path == NULL) {
-						usbi_warn(ctx, "could not sanitize device interface path for '%s'", dev_interface_details->DevicePath);
-						continue;
-					}
-				}
-			} else {
-				if (!get_devinfo_data(ctx, &dev_info, &dev_info_data, i)) {
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-
-			// Read the Device ID path. This is what we'll use as UID
-			// Note that if the device is plugged in a different port or hub, the Device ID changes
-			if (CM_Get_Device_IDA(dev_info_data.DevInst, path, sizeof(path), 0) != CR_SUCCESS) {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not read the device id path for devinst %X, skipping",
-					dev_info_data.DevInst);
-				continue;
-			}
-			dev_id_path = sanitize_path(path);
-			if (dev_id_path == NULL) {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not sanitize device id path for devinst %X, skipping",
-					dev_info_data.DevInst);
-				continue;
-			}
-#ifdef ENUM_DEBUG
-			usbi_dbg("PRO: %s", dev_id_path);
-#endif
-
-			// The SPDRP_ADDRESS for USB devices is the device port number on the hub
-			port_nr = 0;
-			if ((pass >= HUB_PASS) && (pass <= GEN_PASS)) {
-				if ( (!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_ADDRESS,
-					&reg_type, (BYTE*)&port_nr, 4, &size))
-				  || (size != 4) ) {
-					usbi_warn(ctx, "could not retrieve port number for device '%s', skipping: %s",
-						dev_id_path, windows_error_str(0));
-					continue;
-				}
-			}
-
-			// Set API to use or get additional data from generic pass
-			api = USB_API_UNSUPPORTED;
-			switch (pass) {
-			case HCD_PASS:
-				break;
-			case GEN_PASS:
-				// We use the GEN pass to detect driverless devices...
-				size = sizeof(strbuf);
-				if (!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_DRIVER,
-					&reg_type, (BYTE*)strbuf, size, &size)) {
-						usbi_info(ctx, "The following device has no driver: '%s'", dev_id_path);
-						usbi_info(ctx, "libusb will not be able to access it.");
-				}
-				// ...and to add the additional device interface GUIDs
-				key = pSetupDiOpenDevRegKey(dev_info, &dev_info_data, DICS_FLAG_GLOBAL, 0, DIREG_DEV, KEY_READ);
-				if (key != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-					size = sizeof(guid_string_w);
-					s = pRegQueryValueExW(key, L"DeviceInterfaceGUIDs", NULL, &reg_type,
-						(BYTE*)guid_string_w, &size);
-					pRegCloseKey(key);
-					if (s == ERROR_SUCCESS) {
-						if (nb_guids >= MAX_ENUM_GUIDS) {
-							// If this assert is ever reported, grow a GUID table dynamically
-							usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: too many GUIDs");
-							LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW);
-						}
-						if_guid = calloc(1, sizeof(GUID));
-						pCLSIDFromString(guid_string_w, if_guid);
-						guid[nb_guids++] = if_guid;
-						usbi_dbg("extra GUID: %s", guid_to_string(if_guid));
-					}
-				}
-				break;
-			case HID_PASS:
-				api = USB_API_HID;
-				break;
-			default:
-				// Get the API type (after checking that the driver installation is OK)
-				if ( (!pSetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA(dev_info, &dev_info_data, SPDRP_INSTALL_STATE,
-					&reg_type, (BYTE*)&install_state, 4, &size))
-				  || (size != 4) ){
-					usbi_warn(ctx, "could not detect installation state of driver for '%s': %s",
-						dev_id_path, windows_error_str(0));
-				} else if (install_state != 0) {
-					usbi_warn(ctx, "driver for device '%s' is reporting an issue (code: %d) - skipping",
-						dev_id_path, install_state);
-					continue;
-				}
-				api = get_api_type(ctx, &dev_info, &dev_info_data);
-				break;
-			}
-
-			// Find parent device (for the passes that need it)
-			switch (pass) {
-			case HCD_PASS:
-			case DEV_PASS:
-			case HUB_PASS:
-				break;
-			default:
-				// Go through the ancestors until we see a face we recognize
-				parent_dev = NULL;
-				for (ancestor = 1; parent_dev == NULL; ancestor++) {
-					session_id = get_ancestor_session_id(dev_info_data.DevInst, ancestor);
-					if (session_id == 0) {
-						break;
-					}
-					parent_dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, session_id);
-				}
-				if (parent_dev == NULL) {
-					usbi_dbg("unlisted ancestor for '%s' (non USB HID, newly connected, etc.) - ignoring", dev_id_path);
-					continue;
-				}
-				parent_priv = __device_priv(parent_dev);
-				// virtual USB devices are also listed during GEN - don't process these yet
-				if ( (pass == GEN_PASS) && (parent_priv->apib->id != USB_API_HUB) ) {
-					continue;
-				}
-				break;
-			}
-
-			// Create new or match existing device, using the (hashed) device_id as session id
-			if (pass <= DEV_PASS) {	// For subsequent passes, we'll lookup the parent
-				// These are the passes that create "new" devices
-				session_id = htab_hash(dev_id_path);
-				dev = usbi_get_device_by_session_id(ctx, session_id);
-				if (dev == NULL) {
-					if (pass == DEV_PASS) {
-						// This can occur if the OS only reports a newly plugged device after we started enum
-						usbi_warn(ctx, "'%s' was only detected in late pass (newly connected device?)"
-							" - ignoring", dev_id_path);
-						continue;
-					}
-					usbi_dbg("allocating new device for session [%X]", session_id);
-					if ((dev = usbi_alloc_device(ctx, session_id)) == NULL) {
-						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
-					}
-					windows_device_priv_init(dev);
-					// Keep track of devices that need unref
-					unref_list[unref_cur++] = dev;
-					if (unref_cur > unref_size) {
-						unref_size += 64;
-						unref_list = realloc(unref_list, unref_size*sizeof(libusb_device*));
-						if (unref_list == NULL) {
-							usbi_err(ctx, "could not realloc list for unref - aborting.");
-							LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
-						}
-					}
-				} else {
-					usbi_dbg("found existing device for session [%X]", session_id);
-				}
-				priv = __device_priv(dev);
-			}
-
-			// Setup device
-			switch (pass) {
-			case HCD_PASS:
-				dev->bus_number = (uint8_t)(i + 1);	// bus 0 is reserved for disconnected
-				dev->device_address = 0;
-				dev->num_configurations = 0;
-				priv->apib = &usb_api_backend[USB_API_HUB];
-				priv->depth = UINT8_MAX;	// Overflow to 0 for HCD Hubs
-				priv->path = dev_interface_path; dev_interface_path = NULL;
-				break;
-			case DEV_PASS:
-				// Take care of API initialization
-				priv->path = dev_interface_path; dev_interface_path = NULL;
-				priv->apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
-				switch(api) {
-				case USB_API_COMPOSITE:
-					break;
-				case USB_API_HID:
-					safe_free(priv->hid);
-					priv->hid = calloc(1, sizeof(struct hid_device_priv));
-					if (priv->hid == NULL) {
-						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
-					}
-					priv->hid->nb_interfaces = 0;
-					break;
-				default:
-					// For other devices, the first interface is the same as the device
-					priv->usb_interface[0].path = malloc(safe_strlen(priv->path)+1);
-					if (priv->usb_interface[0].path != NULL) {
-						safe_strcpy(priv->usb_interface[0].path, safe_strlen(priv->path)+1, priv->path);
-					}
-					// The following is needed if we want API calls to work for both simple
-					// and composite devices.
-					for(j=0; j<USB_MAXINTERFACES; j++) {
-						priv->usb_interface[j].apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
-					}
-					break;
-				}
-				break;
-			case HUB_PASS:
-				priv->apib = &usb_api_backend[api];
-				priv->path = dev_interface_path; dev_interface_path = NULL;
-				break;
-			case GEN_PASS:
-				r = init_device(dev, parent_dev, (uint8_t)port_nr, dev_id_path, dev_info_data.DevInst);
-				if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-					// Append device to the list of discovered devices
-					discdevs = discovered_devs_append(*_discdevs, dev);
-					if (!discdevs) {
-						LOOP_BREAK(LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM);
-					}
-					*_discdevs = discdevs;
-				} else if (r == LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE) {
-					// This can occur if the device was disconnected but Windows hasn't
-					// refreshed its enumeration yet - in that case, we ignore the device
-					r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-				}
-				break;
-			default:	// HID_PASS and later
-				if (parent_priv->apib->id == USB_API_HID) {
-					usbi_dbg("setting HID interface for [%lX]:", parent_dev->session_data);
-					r = set_hid_interface(ctx, parent_dev, dev_interface_path);
-					if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) LOOP_BREAK(r);
-					dev_interface_path = NULL;
-				} else if (parent_priv->apib->id == USB_API_COMPOSITE) {
-					usbi_dbg("setting composite interface for [%lX]:", parent_dev->session_data);
-					switch (set_composite_interface(ctx, parent_dev, dev_interface_path, dev_id_path, api)) {
-					case LIBUSB_SUCCESS:
-						dev_interface_path = NULL;
-						break;
-					case LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS:
-						// interface has already been set => make sure dev_interface_path is freed then
-						break;
-					default:
-						LOOP_BREAK(r);
-						break;
-					}
-				}
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	// Free any additional GUIDs
-	for (pass = HID_PASS+1; pass < nb_guids; pass++) {
-		safe_free(guid[pass]);
-	}
-
-	// Unref newly allocated devs
-	for (i=0; i<unref_cur; i++) {
-		safe_unref_device(unref_list[i]);
-	}
-	safe_free(unref_list);
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-/*
- * exit: libusb backend deinitialization function
- */
-static void windows_exit(void)
-{
-	int i;
-	HANDLE semaphore;
-	char sem_name[11+1+8]; // strlen(libusb_init)+'\0'+(32-bit hex PID)
-
-	sprintf(sem_name, "libusb_init%08X", (unsigned int)GetCurrentProcessId()&0xFFFFFFFF);
-	semaphore = CreateSemaphoreA(NULL, 1, 1, sem_name);
-	if (semaphore == NULL) {
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// A successful wait brings our semaphore count to 0 (unsignaled)
-	// => any concurent wait stalls until the semaphore release
-	if (WaitForSingleObject(semaphore, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
-		CloseHandle(semaphore);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	// Only works if exits and inits are balanced exactly
-	if (--concurrent_usage < 0) {	// Last exit
-		for (i=0; i<USB_API_MAX; i++) {
-			usb_api_backend[i].exit();
-		}
-		exit_polling();
-
-		if (timer_thread) {
-			SetEvent(timer_request[1]); // actually the signal to quit the thread.
-			if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, INFINITE)) {
-				usbi_dbg("could not wait for timer thread to quit");
-				TerminateThread(timer_thread, 1);
-			}
-			CloseHandle(timer_thread);
-			timer_thread = NULL;
-		}
-		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-			if (timer_request[i]) {
-				CloseHandle(timer_request[i]);
-				timer_request[i] = NULL;
-			}
-		}
-		if (timer_response) {
-			CloseHandle(timer_response);
-			timer_response = NULL;
-		}
-		if (timer_mutex) {
-			CloseHandle(timer_mutex);
-			timer_mutex = NULL;
-		}
-		htab_destroy();
-	}
-
-	ReleaseSemaphore(semaphore, 1, NULL);	// increase count back to 1
-	CloseHandle(semaphore);
-}
-
-static int windows_get_device_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, unsigned char *buffer, int *host_endian)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-
-	memcpy(buffer, &(priv->dev_descriptor), DEVICE_DESC_LENGTH);
-	*host_endian = 0;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int windows_get_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, uint8_t config_index, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-	PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR config_header;
-	size_t size;
-
-	// config index is zero based
-	if (config_index >= dev->num_configurations)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	if ((priv->config_descriptor == NULL) || (priv->config_descriptor[config_index] == NULL))
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	config_header = (PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR)priv->config_descriptor[config_index];
-
-	size = min(config_header->wTotalLength, len);
-	memcpy(buffer, priv->config_descriptor[config_index], size);
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * return the cached copy of the active config descriptor
- */
-static int windows_get_active_config_descriptor(struct libusb_device *dev, unsigned char *buffer, size_t len, int *host_endian)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev);
-
-	if (priv->active_config == 0)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-
-	// config index is zero based
-	return windows_get_config_descriptor(dev, (uint8_t)(priv->active_config-1), buffer, len, host_endian);
-}
-
-static int windows_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	if (priv->apib == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - device is not initialized");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-
-	return priv->apib->open(dev_handle);
-}
-
-static void windows_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	priv->apib->close(dev_handle);
-}
-
-static int windows_get_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int *config)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	if (priv->active_config == 0) {
-		*config = 0;
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	*config = priv->active_config;
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * from http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms793522.aspx: "The port driver
- * does not currently expose a service that allows higher-level drivers to set
- * the configuration."
- */
-static int windows_set_configuration(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int config)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-	if (config >= USB_MAXCONFIG)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	r = libusb_control_transfer(dev_handle, LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_OUT |
-		LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_STANDARD | LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE,
-		LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION, (uint16_t)config,
-		0, NULL, 0, 1000);
-
-	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		priv->active_config = (uint8_t)config;
-	}
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int windows_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	if (iface >= USB_MAXINTERFACES)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
-	priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints= 0;
-
-	r = priv->apib->claim_interface(dev_handle, iface);
-
-	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		r = windows_assign_endpoints(dev_handle, iface, 0);
-	}
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int windows_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting)
-{
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	safe_free(priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint);
-	priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints= 0;
-
-	r = priv->apib->set_interface_altsetting(dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
-
-	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		r = windows_assign_endpoints(dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
-	}
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int windows_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	windows_set_interface_altsetting(dev_handle, iface, 0);
-	return priv->apib->release_interface(dev_handle, iface);
-}
-
-static int windows_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	return priv->apib->clear_halt(dev_handle, endpoint);
-}
-
-static int windows_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	return priv->apib->reset_device(dev_handle);
-}
-
-// The 3 functions below are unlikely to ever get supported on Windows
-static int windows_kernel_driver_active(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-static int windows_attach_kernel_driver(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-static int windows_detach_kernel_driver(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-}
-
-static void windows_destroy_device(struct libusb_device *dev)
-{
-	windows_device_priv_release(dev);
-}
-
-static void windows_clear_transfer_priv(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-
-	usbi_free_fd(transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd);
-	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-	// When auto claim is in use, attempt to release the auto-claimed interface
-	auto_release(itransfer);
-#endif
-}
-
-static int submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int r;
-
-	r = priv->apib->submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer);
-	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	usbi_add_pollfd(ctx, transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd,
-		(short)((transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN)?POLLIN:POLLOUT));
-#if !defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	usbi_fd_notification(ctx);
-#endif
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int r;
-
-	r = priv->apib->submit_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	usbi_add_pollfd(ctx, transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd,
-		(short)((transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN)?POLLIN:POLLOUT));
-#if !defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	usbi_fd_notification(ctx);
-#endif
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int r;
-
-	r = priv->apib->submit_control_transfer(itransfer);
-	if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		return r;
-	}
-
-	usbi_add_pollfd(ctx, transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd, POLLIN);
-#if !defined(DYNAMIC_FDS)
-	usbi_fd_notification(ctx);
-#endif
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-}
-
-static int windows_submit_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-		return submit_control_transfer(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-		return submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		return submit_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-	default:
-		usbi_err(TRANSFER_CTX(transfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-}
-
-static int windows_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-
-	return priv->apib->abort_control(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int windows_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-
-	return priv->apib->abort_transfers(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int windows_cancel_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-#if defined(FORCE_INSTANT_TIMEOUTS)
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-
-	// Forces instant overlapped completion on timeouts - use at your own risks
-	if (itransfer->flags & USBI_TRANSFER_TIMED_OUT) {
-		transfer_priv->pollable_fd.overlapped->Internal &= ~STATUS_PENDING;
-	}
-#endif
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-		return windows_abort_control(itransfer);
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		return windows_abort_transfers(itransfer);
-	default:
-		usbi_err(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-}
-
-static void windows_transfer_callback(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_result, uint32_t io_size)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int status;
-
-	usbi_dbg("handling I/O completion with errcode %d", io_result);
-
-	switch(io_result) {
-	case NO_ERROR:
-		status = priv->apib->copy_transfer_data(itransfer, io_size);
-		break;
-	case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE:
-		usbi_dbg("detected endpoint stall");
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_STALL;
-		break;
-	case ERROR_SEM_TIMEOUT:
-		usbi_dbg("detected semaphore timeout");
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TIMED_OUT;
-		break;
-	case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED:
-		if (itransfer->flags & USBI_TRANSFER_TIMED_OUT) {
-			usbi_dbg("detected timeout");
-			status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TIMED_OUT;
-		} else {
-			usbi_dbg("detected operation aborted");
-			status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_CANCELLED;
-		}
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_err(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "detected I/O error: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		status = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_ERROR;
-		break;
-	}
-	windows_clear_transfer_priv(itransfer);	// Cancel polling
-	usbi_handle_transfer_completion(itransfer, status);
-}
-
-static void windows_handle_callback (struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_result, uint32_t io_size)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-
-	switch (transfer->type) {
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_CONTROL:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_BULK:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_INTERRUPT:
-	case LIBUSB_TRANSFER_TYPE_ISOCHRONOUS:
-		windows_transfer_callback (itransfer, io_result, io_size);
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_err(ITRANSFER_CTX(itransfer), "unknown endpoint type %d", transfer->type);
-	}
-}
-
-static int windows_handle_events(struct libusb_context *ctx, struct pollfd *fds, nfds_t nfds, int num_ready)
-{
-	struct windows_transfer_priv* transfer_priv = NULL;
-	nfds_t i = 0;
-	bool found = false;
-	struct usbi_transfer *transfer;
-	DWORD io_size, io_result;
-
-	usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-	for (i = 0; i < nfds && num_ready > 0; i++) {
-
-		usbi_dbg("checking fd %d with revents = %04x", fds[i].fd, fds[i].revents);
-
-		if (!fds[i].revents) {
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		num_ready--;
-
-		// Because a Windows OVERLAPPED is used for poll emulation,
-		// a pollable fd is created and stored with each transfer
-		usbi_mutex_lock(&ctx->flying_transfers_lock);
-		list_for_each_entry(transfer, &ctx->flying_transfers, list, struct usbi_transfer) {
-			transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(transfer);
-			if (transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd == fds[i].fd) {
-				found = true;
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->flying_transfers_lock);
-
-		if (found) {
-			// Handle async requests that completed synchronously first
-			if (HasOverlappedIoCompletedSync(transfer_priv->pollable_fd.overlapped)) {
-				io_result = NO_ERROR;
-				io_size = (DWORD)transfer_priv->pollable_fd.overlapped->InternalHigh;
-			// Regular async overlapped
-			} else if (GetOverlappedResult(transfer_priv->pollable_fd.handle,
-				transfer_priv->pollable_fd.overlapped, &io_size, false)) {
-				io_result = NO_ERROR;
-			} else {
-				io_result = GetLastError();
-			}
-			usbi_remove_pollfd(ctx, transfer_priv->pollable_fd.fd);
-			// let handle_callback free the event using the transfer wfd
-			// If you don't use the transfer wfd, you run a risk of trying to free a
-			// newly allocated wfd that took the place of the one from the transfer.
-			windows_handle_callback(transfer, io_result, io_size);
-		} else {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not find a matching transfer for fd %x", fds[i]);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-	}
-
-	usbi_mutex_unlock(&ctx->open_devs_lock);
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * Monotonic and real time functions
- */
-unsigned __stdcall windows_clock_gettime_threaded(void* param)
-{
-	LARGE_INTEGER hires_counter, li_frequency;
-	LONG nb_responses;
-	int timer_index;
-
-	// Init - find out if we have access to a monotonic (hires) timer
-	if (!QueryPerformanceFrequency(&li_frequency)) {
-		usbi_dbg("no hires timer available on this platform");
-		hires_frequency = 0;
-		hires_ticks_to_ps = UINT64_C(0);
-	} else {
-		hires_frequency = li_frequency.QuadPart;
-		// The hires frequency can go as high as 4 GHz, so we'll use a conversion
-		// to picoseconds to compute the tv_nsecs part in clock_gettime
-		hires_ticks_to_ps = UINT64_C(1000000000000) / hires_frequency;
-		usbi_dbg("hires timer available (Frequency: %"PRIu64" Hz)", hires_frequency);
-	}
-
-	// Main loop - wait for requests
-	while (1) {
-		timer_index = WaitForMultipleObjects(2, timer_request, FALSE, INFINITE) - WAIT_OBJECT_0;
-		if ( (timer_index != 0) && (timer_index != 1) ) {
-			usbi_dbg("failure to wait on requests: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (request_count[timer_index] == 0) {
-			// Request already handled
-			ResetEvent(timer_request[timer_index]);
-			// There's still a possiblity that a thread sends a request between the
-			// time we test request_count[] == 0 and we reset the event, in which case
-			// the request would be ignored. The simple solution to that is to test
-			// request_count again and process requests if non zero.
-			if (request_count[timer_index] == 0)
-				continue;
-		}
-		switch (timer_index) {
-		case 0:
-			WaitForSingleObject(timer_mutex, INFINITE);
-			// Requests to this thread are for hires always
-			if (QueryPerformanceCounter(&hires_counter) != 0) {
-				timer_tp.tv_sec = (long)(hires_counter.QuadPart / hires_frequency);
-				timer_tp.tv_nsec = (long)(((hires_counter.QuadPart % hires_frequency)/1000) * hires_ticks_to_ps);
-			} else {
-				// Fallback to real-time if we can't get monotonic value
-				// Note that real-time clock does not wait on the mutex or this thread.
-				windows_clock_gettime(USBI_CLOCK_REALTIME, &timer_tp);
-			}
-			ReleaseMutex(timer_mutex);
-
-			INIT_INTERLOCKEDEXCHANGE;
-			nb_responses = pInterlockedExchange((LONG*)&request_count[0], 0);
-			if ( (nb_responses)
-			  && (ReleaseSemaphore(timer_response, nb_responses, NULL) == 0) ) {
-				usbi_dbg("unable to release timer semaphore %d: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			}
-			continue;
-		case 1: // time to quit
-			usbi_dbg("timer thread quitting");
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("ERROR: broken timer thread");
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int windows_clock_gettime(int clk_id, struct timespec *tp)
-{
-	FILETIME filetime;
-	ULARGE_INTEGER rtime;
-	DWORD r;
-	switch(clk_id) {
-	case USBI_CLOCK_MONOTONIC:
-		if (hires_frequency != 0) {
-			INIT_INTERLOCKEDINCREMENT;
-			while (1) {
-				pInterlockedIncrement((LONG*)&request_count[0]);
-				SetEvent(timer_request[0]);
-				r = WaitForSingleObject(timer_response, TIMER_REQUEST_RETRY_MS);
-				switch(r) {
-				case WAIT_OBJECT_0:
-					WaitForSingleObject(timer_mutex, INFINITE);
-					*tp = timer_tp;
-					ReleaseMutex(timer_mutex);
-					return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-				case WAIT_TIMEOUT:
-					usbi_dbg("could not obtain a timer value within reasonable timeframe - too much load?");
-					break; // Retry until successful
-				default:
-					usbi_dbg("WaitForSingleObject failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-					return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-		// Fall through and return real-time if monotonic was not detected @ timer init
-	case USBI_CLOCK_REALTIME:
-		// We follow http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms724928%28VS.85%29.aspx
-		// with a predef epoch_time to have an epoch that starts at 1970.01.01 00:00
-		// Note however that our resolution is bounded by the Windows system time
-		// functions and is at best of the order of 1 ms (or, usually, worse)
-		GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&filetime);
-		rtime.LowPart = filetime.dwLowDateTime;
-		rtime.HighPart = filetime.dwHighDateTime;
-		rtime.QuadPart -= epoch_time;
-		tp->tv_sec = (long)(rtime.QuadPart / 10000000);
-		tp->tv_nsec = (long)((rtime.QuadPart % 10000000)*100);
-		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	default:
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-}
-
-
-// NB: MSVC6 does not support named initializers.
-const struct usbi_os_backend windows_backend = {
-	"Windows",
-	windows_init,
-	windows_exit,
-
-	windows_get_device_list,
-	windows_open,
-	windows_close,
-
-	windows_get_device_descriptor,
-	windows_get_active_config_descriptor,
-	windows_get_config_descriptor,
-
-	windows_get_configuration,
-	windows_set_configuration,
-	windows_claim_interface,
-	windows_release_interface,
-
-	windows_set_interface_altsetting,
-	windows_clear_halt,
-	windows_reset_device,
-
-	windows_kernel_driver_active,
-	windows_detach_kernel_driver,
-	windows_attach_kernel_driver,
-
-	windows_destroy_device,
-
-	windows_submit_transfer,
-	windows_cancel_transfer,
-	windows_clear_transfer_priv,
-
-	windows_handle_events,
-
-	windows_clock_gettime,
-#if defined(USBI_TIMERFD_AVAILABLE)
-	NULL,
-#endif
-	sizeof(struct windows_device_priv),
-	sizeof(struct windows_device_handle_priv),
-	sizeof(struct windows_transfer_priv),
-	0,
-};
-
-
-/*
- * USB API backends
- */
-static int unsupported_init(struct libusb_context *ctx) {
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-static int unsupported_exit(void) {
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-static int unsupported_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(open);
-}
-static void unsupported_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-	usbi_dbg("unsupported API call for 'close'");
-}
-static int unsupported_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(claim_interface);
-}
-static int unsupported_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(set_interface_altsetting);
-}
-static int unsupported_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(release_interface);
-}
-static int unsupported_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(clear_halt);
-}
-static int unsupported_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(reset_device);
-}
-static int unsupported_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(submit_bulk_transfer);
-}
-static int unsupported_submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(submit_iso_transfer);
-}
-static int unsupported_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(submit_control_transfer);
-}
-static int unsupported_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(abort_control);
-}
-static int unsupported_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(abort_transfers);
-}
-static int unsupported_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size) {
-	PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(copy_transfer_data);
-}
-
-// These names must be uppercase
-const char* hub_driver_names[] = {"USBHUB"};
-const char* composite_driver_names[] = {"USBCCGP"};
-const char* winusb_driver_names[] = {"WINUSB"};
-const char* hid_driver_names[] = {"HIDUSB", "MOUHID", "KBDHID"};
-const struct windows_usb_api_backend usb_api_backend[USB_API_MAX] = {
-	{
-		USB_API_UNSUPPORTED,
-		"Unsupported API",
-		&CLASS_GUID_UNSUPPORTED,
-		NULL,
-		0,
-		unsupported_init,
-		unsupported_exit,
-		unsupported_open,
-		unsupported_close,
-		unsupported_claim_interface,
-		unsupported_set_interface_altsetting,
-		unsupported_release_interface,
-		unsupported_clear_halt,
-		unsupported_reset_device,
-		unsupported_submit_bulk_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_iso_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_control_transfer,
-		unsupported_abort_control,
-		unsupported_abort_transfers,
-		unsupported_copy_transfer_data,
-	}, {
-		USB_API_HUB,
-		"HUB API",
-		&CLASS_GUID_UNSUPPORTED,
-		hub_driver_names,
-		sizeof(hub_driver_names)/sizeof(hub_driver_names[0]),
-		unsupported_init,
-		unsupported_exit,
-		hub_open,
-		hub_close,
-		unsupported_claim_interface,
-		unsupported_set_interface_altsetting,
-		unsupported_release_interface,
-		unsupported_clear_halt,
-		unsupported_reset_device,
-		unsupported_submit_bulk_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_iso_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_control_transfer,
-		unsupported_abort_control,
-		unsupported_abort_transfers,
-		unsupported_copy_transfer_data,
-	}, {
-		USB_API_COMPOSITE,
-		"Composite API",
-		&CLASS_GUID_COMPOSITE,
-		composite_driver_names,
-		sizeof(composite_driver_names)/sizeof(composite_driver_names[0]),
-		composite_init,
-		composite_exit,
-		composite_open,
-		composite_close,
-		composite_claim_interface,
-		composite_set_interface_altsetting,
-		composite_release_interface,
-		composite_clear_halt,
-		composite_reset_device,
-		composite_submit_bulk_transfer,
-		composite_submit_iso_transfer,
-		composite_submit_control_transfer,
-		composite_abort_control,
-		composite_abort_transfers,
-		composite_copy_transfer_data,
-	}, {
-		USB_API_WINUSB,
-		"WinUSB API",
-		&CLASS_GUID_LIBUSB_WINUSB,
-		winusb_driver_names,
-		sizeof(winusb_driver_names)/sizeof(winusb_driver_names[0]),
-		winusb_init,
-		winusb_exit,
-		winusb_open,
-		winusb_close,
-		winusb_claim_interface,
-		winusb_set_interface_altsetting,
-		winusb_release_interface,
-		winusb_clear_halt,
-		winusb_reset_device,
-		winusb_submit_bulk_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_iso_transfer,
-		winusb_submit_control_transfer,
-		winusb_abort_control,
-		winusb_abort_transfers,
-		winusb_copy_transfer_data,
-	}, {
-		USB_API_HID,
-		"HID API",
-		&CLASS_GUID_HID,
-		hid_driver_names,
-		sizeof(hid_driver_names)/sizeof(hid_driver_names[0]),
-		hid_init,
-		hid_exit,
-		hid_open,
-		hid_close,
-		hid_claim_interface,
-		hid_set_interface_altsetting,
-		hid_release_interface,
-		hid_clear_halt,
-		hid_reset_device,
-		hid_submit_bulk_transfer,
-		unsupported_submit_iso_transfer,
-		hid_submit_control_transfer,
-		hid_abort_transfers,
-		hid_abort_transfers,
-		hid_copy_transfer_data,
-	},
-};
-
-
-/*
- * HUB API functions - only cached descriptors readout for now
- * might be expanded if
- */
-static int hub_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static void hub_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-}
-
-/*
- * WinUSB API functions
- */
-static int winusb_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
-{
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_Initialize, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_Free, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_GetAssociatedInterface, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_GetDescriptor, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_QueryInterfaceSettings, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_QueryDeviceInformation, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_SetCurrentAlternateSetting, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_GetCurrentAlternateSetting, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_QueryPipe, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_SetPipePolicy, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_GetPipePolicy, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_ReadPipe, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_WritePipe, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_ControlTransfer, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_ResetPipe, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_AbortPipe, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(winusb.dll, WinUsb_FlushPipe, TRUE);
-
-	api_winusb_available = true;
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_exit(void)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-// NB: open and close must ensure that they only handle interface of
-// the right API type, as these functions can be called wholesale from
-// composite_open(), with interfaces belonging to different APIs
-static int winusb_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-
-	HANDLE file_handle;
-	int i;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// WinUSB requires a seperate handle for each interface
-	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if ( (priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL)
-		  && (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_WINUSB) ) {
-			file_handle = CreateFileA(priv->usb_interface[i].path, GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
-				NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
-			if (file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-				usbi_err(ctx, "could not open device %s (interface %d): %s", priv->usb_interface[i].path, i, windows_error_str(0));
-				switch(GetLastError()) {
-				case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:	// The device was disconnected
-					return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-				case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
-					return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-				default:
-					return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-				}
-			}
-			handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle = file_handle;
-		}
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static void winusb_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	HANDLE file_handle;
-	int i;
-
-	if (!api_winusb_available)
-		return;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_WINUSB) {
-			file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle;
-			if ( (file_handle != 0) && (file_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-				CloseHandle(file_handle);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static int winusb_configure_endpoints(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
-	UCHAR policy;
-	ULONG timeout = 0;
-	uint8_t endpoint_address;
-	int i;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// With handle and enpoints set (in parent), we can setup the default pipe properties
-	// see http://download.microsoft.com/download/D/1/D/D1DD7745-426B-4CC3-A269-ABBBE427C0EF/DVC-T705_DDC08.pptx
-	for (i=-1; i<priv->usb_interface[iface].nb_endpoints; i++) {
-		endpoint_address =(i==-1)?0:priv->usb_interface[iface].endpoint[i];
-		if (!WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
-			PIPE_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT, sizeof(ULONG), &timeout)) {
-			usbi_dbg("failed to set PIPE_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT for control endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
-		}
-		if (i == -1) continue;	// Other policies don't apply to control endpoint
-		policy = false;
-		if (!WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
-			SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy)) {
-			usbi_dbg("failed to disable SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
-		}
-		if (!WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
-			IGNORE_SHORT_PACKETS, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy)) {
-			usbi_dbg("failed to disable IGNORE_SHORT_PACKETS for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
-		}
-		if (!WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
-			ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy)) {
-			usbi_dbg("failed to disable ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
-		}
-		policy = true;
-		if (!WinUsb_SetPipePolicy(winusb_handle, endpoint_address,
-			AUTO_CLEAR_STALL, sizeof(UCHAR), &policy)) {
-			usbi_dbg("failed to enable AUTO_CLEAR_STALL for endpoint %02X", endpoint_address);
-		}
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	bool is_using_usbccgp = (priv->apib->id == USB_API_COMPOSITE);
-	HANDLE file_handle, winusb_handle;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// If the device is composite, but using the default Windows composite parent driver (usbccgp)
-	// or if it's the first WinUSB interface, we get a handle through WinUsb_Initialize().
-	if ((is_using_usbccgp) || (iface == 0)) {
-		// composite device (independent interfaces) or interface 0
-		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
-		file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle;
-		if ((file_handle == 0) || (file_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-
-		if (!WinUsb_Initialize(file_handle, &winusb_handle)) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not access interface %d: %s", iface, windows_error_str(0));
-			handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-
-			switch(GetLastError()) {
-			case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND:	// The device was disconnected
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-			default:
-				usbi_err(ctx, "could not claim interface %d: %s", iface, windows_error_str(0));
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-			}
-		}
-		handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = winusb_handle;
-	} else {
-		// For all other interfaces, use WinUsb_GetAssociatedInterface()
-		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[0].api_handle;
-		// It is a requirement for multiple interface devices on Windows that, to you
-		// must first claim the first interface before you claim the others
-		if ((winusb_handle == 0) || (winusb_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-			file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[0].dev_handle;
-			if (WinUsb_Initialize(file_handle, &winusb_handle)) {
-				handle_priv->interface_handle[0].api_handle = winusb_handle;
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "auto-claimed interface 0 (required to claim %d with WinUSB)", iface);
-			} else {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "failed to auto-claim interface 0 (required to claim %d with WinUSB)", iface);
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-			}
-#else
-			usbi_warn(ctx, "you must claim interface 0 before you can claim %d with WinUSB", iface);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-#endif
-		}
-		if (!WinUsb_GetAssociatedInterface(winusb_handle, (UCHAR)(iface-1),
-			&handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle)) {
-			handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-			switch(GetLastError()) {
-			case ERROR_NO_MORE_ITEMS:   // invalid iface
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-			case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND:     // The device was disconnected
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-			case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS:  // already claimed
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;
-			default:
-				usbi_err(ctx, "could not claim interface %d: %s", iface, windows_error_str(0));
-				return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("claimed interface %d", iface);
-	handle_priv->active_interface = iface;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
-	if ((winusb_handle == 0) || (winusb_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	WinUsb_Free(winusb_handle);
-	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return the first valid interface (of the same API type), for control transfers
- */
-static int get_valid_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int api_id)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	int i;
-
-	if ((api_id < USB_API_WINUSB) || (api_id > USB_API_HID)) {
-		usbi_dbg("unsupported API ID");
-		return -1;
-	}
-
-	for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if ( (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle != 0)
-		  && (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].dev_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-		  && (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle != 0)
-		  && (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-		  && (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == api_id) ) {
-			return i;
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-/*
- * Lookup interface by endpoint address. -1 if not found
- */
-static int interface_by_endpoint(struct windows_device_priv *priv,
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv, uint8_t endpoint_address)
-{
-	int i, j;
-	for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
-			continue;
-		if (handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle == 0)
-			continue;
-		if (priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint == NULL)
-			continue;
-		for (j=0; j<priv->usb_interface[i].nb_endpoints; j++) {
-			if (priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j] == endpoint_address) {
-				return i;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int winusb_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(
-		transfer->dev_handle);
-	WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *setup = (WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *) transfer->buffer;
-	ULONG size;
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = INVALID_WINFD;
-	size = transfer->length - LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE;
-
-	if (size > MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH)
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	current_interface = get_valid_interface(transfer->dev_handle, USB_API_WINUSB);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-		if (auto_claim(transfer, &current_interface, USB_API_WINUSB) != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-#else
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "no interface available for control transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-#endif
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("will use interface %d", current_interface);
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-
-	wfd = usbi_create_fd(winusb_handle, _O_RDONLY);
-	// Always use the handle returned from usbi_create_fd (wfd.handle)
-	if (wfd.fd < 0) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	if (!WinUsb_ControlTransfer(wfd.handle, *setup, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, size, NULL, wfd.overlapped)) {
-		if(GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_ControlTransfer failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			usbi_free_fd(wfd.fd);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-	} else {
-		wfd.overlapped->Internal = STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY;
-		wfd.overlapped->InternalHigh = (DWORD)size;
-	}
-
-	// Use priv_transfer to store data needed for async polling
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = wfd;
-	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	if (altsetting > 255) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].api_handle;
-	if ((winusb_handle == 0) || (winusb_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "interface must be claimed first");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	if (!WinUsb_SetCurrentAlternateSetting(winusb_handle, (UCHAR)altsetting)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_SetCurrentAlternateSetting failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-	bool direction_in, ret;
-	int current_interface;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = INVALID_WINFD;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", transfer->endpoint, current_interface);
-
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-	direction_in = transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-
-	wfd = usbi_create_fd(winusb_handle, direction_in?_O_RDONLY:_O_WRONLY);
-	// Always use the handle returned from usbi_create_fd (wfd.handle)
-	if (wfd.fd < 0) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	if (direction_in) {
-		usbi_dbg("reading %d bytes", transfer->length);
-		ret = WinUsb_ReadPipe(wfd.handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, NULL, wfd.overlapped);
-	} else {
-		usbi_dbg("writing %d bytes", transfer->length);
-		ret = WinUsb_WritePipe(wfd.handle, transfer->endpoint, transfer->buffer, transfer->length, NULL, wfd.overlapped);
-	}
-	if (!ret) {
-		if(GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_Pipe Transfer failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			usbi_free_fd(wfd.fd);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-	} else {
-		wfd.overlapped->Internal = STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY;
-		wfd.overlapped->InternalHigh = (DWORD)transfer->length;
-	}
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = wfd;
-	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", endpoint, current_interface);
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-
-	if (!WinUsb_ResetPipe(winusb_handle, endpoint)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_ResetPipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * from http://www.winvistatips.com/winusb-bugchecks-t335323.html (confirmed
- * through testing as well):
- * "You can not call WinUsb_AbortPipe on control pipe. You can possibly cancel
- * the control transfer using CancelIo"
- */
-static int winusb_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	// Cancelling of the I/O is done in the parent
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	current_interface = transfer_priv->interface_number;
-	if ((current_interface < 0) || (current_interface >= USB_MAXINTERFACES)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed: invalid interface_number");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("will use interface %d", current_interface);
-
-	winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-
-	if (!WinUsb_AbortPipe(winusb_handle, transfer->endpoint)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_AbortPipe failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-/*
- * from the "How to Use WinUSB to Communicate with a USB Device" Microsoft white paper
- * (http://www.microsoft.com/whdc/connect/usb/winusb_howto.mspx):
- * "WinUSB does not support host-initiated reset port and cycle port operations" and
- * IOCTL_INTERNAL_USB_CYCLE_PORT is only available in kernel mode and the
- * IOCTL_USB_HUB_CYCLE_PORT ioctl was removed from Vista => the best we can do is
- * cycle the pipes (and even then, the control pipe can not be reset using WinUSB)
- */
-// TODO (post hotplug): see if we can force eject the device and redetect it (reuse hotplug?)
-static int winusb_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct winfd wfd;
-	HANDLE winusb_handle;
-	int i, j;
-
-	CHECK_WINUSB_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// Reset any available pipe (except control)
-	for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		winusb_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
-		for (wfd = handle_to_winfd(winusb_handle); wfd.fd > 0;)
-		{
-			// Cancel any pollable I/O
-			usbi_remove_pollfd(ctx, wfd.fd);
-			usbi_free_fd(wfd.fd);
-			wfd = handle_to_winfd(winusb_handle);
-		}
-
-		if ( (winusb_handle != 0) && (winusb_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-			for (j=0; j<priv->usb_interface[i].nb_endpoints; j++) {
-				usbi_dbg("resetting ep %02X", priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j]);
-				if (!WinUsb_AbortPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j])) {
-					usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_AbortPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
-						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
-				}
-				// FlushPipe seems to fail on OUT pipes
-				if ( (priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j] & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN)
-				  && (!WinUsb_FlushPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j])) ) {
-					usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_FlushPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
-						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
-				}
-				if (!WinUsb_ResetPipe(winusb_handle, priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j])) {
-					usbi_err(ctx, "WinUsb_ResetPipe (pipe address %02X) failed: %s",
-						priv->usb_interface[i].endpoint[j], windows_error_str(0));
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int winusb_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size)
-{
-	itransfer->transferred += io_size;
-	return LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-/*
- * Internal HID Support functions (from libusb-win32)
- * Note that functions that complete data transfer synchronously must return
- * LIBUSB_COMPLETED instead of LIBUSB_SUCCESS
- */
-static int _hid_get_hid_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size);
-static int _hid_get_report_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size);
-
-static int _hid_wcslen(WCHAR *str)
-{
-	int i = 0;
-	while (str[i] && (str[i] != 0x409)) {
-		i++;
-	}
-	return i;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_device_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	struct libusb_device_descriptor d;
-
-	d.bLength = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE;
-	d.bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE;
-	d.bcdUSB = 0x0200; /* 2.00 */
-	d.bDeviceClass = 0;
-	d.bDeviceSubClass = 0;
-	d.bDeviceProtocol = 0;
-	d.bMaxPacketSize0 = 64; /* fix this! */
-	d.idVendor = (uint16_t)dev->vid;
-	d.idProduct = (uint16_t)dev->pid;
-	d.bcdDevice = 0x0100;
-	d.iManufacturer = dev->string_index[0];
-	d.iProduct = dev->string_index[1];
-	d.iSerialNumber = dev->string_index[2];
-	d.bNumConfigurations = 1;
-
-	if (*size > LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE)
-		*size = LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE_SIZE;
-	memcpy(data, &d, *size);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_config_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	char num_endpoints = 0;
-	size_t config_total_len = 0;
-	char tmp[HID_MAX_CONFIG_DESC_SIZE];
-	struct libusb_config_descriptor *cd;
-	struct libusb_interface_descriptor *id;
-	struct libusb_hid_descriptor *hd;
-	struct libusb_endpoint_descriptor *ed;
-	size_t tmp_size;
-
-	if (dev->input_report_size)
-		num_endpoints++;
-	if (dev->output_report_size)
-		num_endpoints++;
-
-	config_total_len = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE + LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE
-		+ LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE + num_endpoints * LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
-
-
-	cd = (struct libusb_config_descriptor *)tmp;
-	id = (struct libusb_interface_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE);
-	hd = (struct libusb_hid_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE
-		+ LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE);
-	ed = (struct libusb_endpoint_descriptor *)(tmp + LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE
-		+ LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE
-		+ LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE);
-
-	cd->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE;
-	cd->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG;
-	cd->wTotalLength = (uint16_t) config_total_len;
-	cd->bNumInterfaces = 1;
-	cd->bConfigurationValue = 1;
-	cd->iConfiguration = 0;
-	cd->bmAttributes = 1 << 7; /* bus powered */
-	cd->MaxPower = 50;
-
-	id->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE;
-	id->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE;
-	id->bInterfaceNumber = 0;
-	id->bAlternateSetting = 0;
-	id->bNumEndpoints = num_endpoints;
-	id->bInterfaceClass = 3;
-	id->bInterfaceSubClass = 0;
-	id->bInterfaceProtocol = 0;
-	id->iInterface = 0;
-
-	tmp_size = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
-	_hid_get_hid_descriptor(dev, hd, &tmp_size);
-
-	if (dev->input_report_size) {
-		ed->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
-		ed->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT;
-		ed->bEndpointAddress = HID_IN_EP;
-		ed->bmAttributes = 3;
-		ed->wMaxPacketSize = dev->input_report_size - 1;
-		ed->bInterval = 10;
-
-		ed++;
-	}
-
-	if (dev->output_report_size) {
-		ed->bLength = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE;
-		ed->bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT;
-		ed->bEndpointAddress = HID_OUT_EP;
-		ed->bmAttributes = 3;
-		ed->wMaxPacketSize = dev->output_report_size - 1;
-		ed->bInterval = 10;
-	}
-
-	if (*size > config_total_len)
-		*size = config_total_len;
-	memcpy(data, tmp, *size);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_string_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, int _index,
-									  void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	void *tmp = NULL;
-	size_t tmp_size = 0;
-	int i;
-
-	/* language ID, EN-US */
-	char string_langid[] = {
-		0x09,
-		0x04
-	};
-
-	if ((*size < 2) || (*size > 255)) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
-	}
-
-	if (_index == 0) {
-		tmp = string_langid;
-		tmp_size = sizeof(string_langid)+2;
-	} else {
-		for (i=0; i<3; i++) {
-			if (_index == (dev->string_index[i])) {
-				tmp = dev->string[i];
-				tmp_size = (_hid_wcslen(dev->string[i])+1) * sizeof(WCHAR);
-				break;
-			}
-		}
-		if (i == 3) {	// not found
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if(!tmp_size) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	if (tmp_size < *size) {
-		*size = tmp_size;
-	}
-	// 2 byte header
-	((uint8_t*)data)[0] = (uint8_t)*size;
-	((uint8_t*)data)[1] = LIBUSB_DT_STRING;
-	memcpy((uint8_t*)data+2, tmp, *size-2);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_hid_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	struct libusb_hid_descriptor d;
-	uint8_t tmp[MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
-	size_t report_len = MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE;
-
-	_hid_get_report_descriptor(dev, tmp, &report_len);
-
-	d.bLength = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
-	d.bDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_HID;
-	d.bcdHID = 0x0110; /* 1.10 */
-	d.bCountryCode = 0;
-	d.bNumDescriptors = 1;
-	d.bClassDescriptorType = LIBUSB_DT_REPORT;
-	d.wClassDescriptorLength = (uint16_t)report_len;
-
-	if (*size > LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE)
-		*size = LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE;
-	memcpy(data, &d, *size);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_report_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	uint8_t d[MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE];
-	size_t i = 0;
-
-	/* usage page (0xFFA0 == vendor defined) */
-	d[i++] = 0x06; d[i++] = 0xA0; d[i++] = 0xFF;
-	/* usage (vendor defined) */
-	d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x01;
-	/* start collection (application) */
-	d[i++] = 0xA1; d[i++] = 0x01;
-	/* input report */
-	if (dev->input_report_size) {
-		/* usage (vendor defined) */
-		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x01;
-		/* logical minimum (0) */
-		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
-		/* logical maximum (255) */
-		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
-		/* report size (8 bits) */
-		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
-		/* report count */
-		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)dev->input_report_size - 1;
-		/* input (data, variable, absolute) */
-		d[i++] = 0x81; d[i++] = 0x00;
-	}
-	/* output report */
-	if (dev->output_report_size) {
-		/* usage (vendor defined) */
-		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x02;
-		/* logical minimum (0) */
-		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
-		/* logical maximum (255) */
-		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
-		/* report size (8 bits) */
-		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
-		/* report count */
-		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)dev->output_report_size - 1;
-		/* output (data, variable, absolute) */
-		d[i++] = 0x91; d[i++] = 0x00;
-	}
-	/* feature report */
-	if (dev->feature_report_size) {
-		/* usage (vendor defined) */
-		d[i++] = 0x09; d[i++] = 0x03;
-		/* logical minimum (0) */
-		d[i++] = 0x15; d[i++] = 0x00;
-		/* logical maximum (255) */
-		d[i++] = 0x25; d[i++] = 0xFF;
-		/* report size (8 bits) */
-		d[i++] = 0x75; d[i++] = 0x08;
-		/* report count */
-		d[i++] = 0x95; d[i++] = (uint8_t)dev->feature_report_size - 1;
-		/* feature (data, variable, absolute) */
-		d[i++] = 0xb2; d[i++] = 0x02; d[i++] = 0x01;
-	}
-
-	/* end collection */
-	d[i++] = 0xC0;
-
-	if (*size > i)
-		*size = i;
-	memcpy(data, d, *size);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_descriptor(struct hid_device_priv* dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int recipient,
-							   int type, int _index, void *data, size_t *size)
-{
-	switch(type) {
-	case LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE");
-		return _hid_get_device_descriptor(dev, data, size);
-	case LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG");
-		if (!_index)
-			return _hid_get_config_descriptor(dev, data, size);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	case LIBUSB_DT_STRING:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_STRING");
-		return _hid_get_string_descriptor(dev, _index, data, size);
-	case LIBUSB_DT_HID:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_HID");
-		if (!_index)
-			return _hid_get_hid_descriptor(dev, data, size);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	case LIBUSB_DT_REPORT:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_REPORT");
-		if (!_index)
-			return _hid_get_report_descriptor(dev, data, size);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	case LIBUSB_DT_PHYSICAL:
-		usbi_dbg("LIBUSB_DT_PHYSICAL");
-		if (HidD_GetPhysicalDescriptor(hid_handle, data, (ULONG)*size))
-			return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_OTHER;
-	}
-	usbi_dbg("unsupported");
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-}
-
-static int _hid_get_report(struct hid_device_priv* dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int id, void *data,
-						   struct windows_transfer_priv *tp, size_t *size, OVERLAPPED* overlapped,
-						   int report_type)
-{
-	uint8_t *buf;
-	DWORD ioctl_code, read_size, expected_size = (DWORD)*size;
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-	if (tp->hid_buffer != NULL) {
-		usbi_dbg("program assertion failed: hid_buffer is not NULL");
-	}
-
-	if ((*size == 0) || (*size > MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE)) {
-		usbi_dbg("invalid size (%d)", *size);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	switch (report_type) {
-		case HID_REPORT_TYPE_INPUT:
-			ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_GET_INPUT_REPORT;
-			break;
-		case HID_REPORT_TYPE_FEATURE:
-			ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_GET_FEATURE;
-			break;
-		default:
-			usbi_dbg("unknown HID report type %d", report_type);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	// Add a trailing byte to detect overflows
-	buf = (uint8_t*)calloc(expected_size+1, 1);
-	if (buf == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-	buf[0] = (uint8_t)id;	// Must be set always
-	usbi_dbg("report ID: 0x%02X", buf[0]);
-
-	tp->hid_expected_size = expected_size;
-	read_size = expected_size;
-
-	// NB: The size returned by DeviceIoControl doesn't include report IDs when not in use (0)
-	if (!DeviceIoControl(hid_handle, ioctl_code, buf, expected_size+1,
-		buf, expected_size+1, &read_size, overlapped)) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
-			usbi_dbg("Failed to Read HID Report: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			safe_free(buf);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-		// Asynchronous wait
-		tp->hid_buffer = buf;
-		tp->hid_dest = data; // copy dest, as not necessarily the start of the transfer buffer
-		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	}
-
-	// Transfer completed synchronously => copy and discard extra buffer
-	if (read_size == 0) {
-		usbi_warn(NULL, "program assertion failed - read completed synchronously, but no data was read");
-		*size = 0;
-	} else {
-		if (buf[0] != id) {
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "mismatched report ID (data is %02X, parameter is %02X)", buf[0], id);
-		}
-		if ((size_t)read_size > expected_size) {
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
-			usbi_dbg("OVERFLOW!");
-		} else {
-			r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-		}
-
-		*size = MIN((size_t)read_size, *size);
-		if (id == 0) {
-			// Discard report ID
-			memcpy(data, buf+1, *size);
-		} else {
-			memcpy(data, buf, *size);
-		}
-	}
-	safe_free(buf);
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int _hid_set_report(struct hid_device_priv* dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int id, void *data,
-						   struct windows_transfer_priv *tp, size_t *size, OVERLAPPED* overlapped,
-						   int report_type)
-{
-	uint8_t *buf = NULL;
-	DWORD ioctl_code, write_size= (DWORD)*size;
-
-	if (tp->hid_buffer != NULL) {
-		usbi_dbg("program assertion failed: hid_buffer is not NULL");
-	}
-
-	if ((*size == 0) || (*size > MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE)) {
-		usbi_dbg("invalid size (%d)", *size);
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	switch (report_type) {
-		case HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT:
-			ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_SET_OUTPUT_REPORT;
-			break;
-		case HID_REPORT_TYPE_FEATURE:
-			ioctl_code = IOCTL_HID_SET_FEATURE;
-			break;
-		default:
-			usbi_dbg("unknown HID report type %d", report_type);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("report ID: 0x%02X", id);
-	// When report IDs are not used (i.e. when id == 0), we must add
-	// a null report ID. Otherwise, we just use original data buffer
-	if (id == 0) {
-		write_size++;
-	}
-	buf = malloc(write_size);
-	if (buf == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-	if (id == 0) {
-		buf[0] = 0;
-		memcpy(buf + 1, data, *size);
-	} else {
-		// This seems like a waste, but if we don't duplicate the
-		// data, we'll get issues when freeing hid_buffer
-		memcpy(buf, data, *size);
-		if (buf[0] != id) {
-			usbi_warn(NULL, "mismatched report ID (data is %02X, parameter is %02X)", buf[0], id);
-		}
-	}
-
-	// NB: The size returned by DeviceIoControl doesn't include report IDs when not in use (0)
-	if (!DeviceIoControl(hid_handle, ioctl_code, buf, write_size,
-		buf, write_size, &write_size, overlapped)) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
-			usbi_dbg("Failed to Write HID Output Report: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			safe_free(buf);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-		tp->hid_buffer = buf;
-		tp->hid_dest = NULL;
-		return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	}
-
-	// Transfer completed synchronously
-	*size = write_size;
-	if (write_size == 0) {
-		usbi_dbg("program assertion failed - write completed synchronously, but no data was written");
-	}
-	safe_free(buf);
-	return LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-}
-
-static int _hid_class_request(struct hid_device_priv* dev, HANDLE hid_handle, int request_type,
-							  int request, int value, int _index, void *data, struct windows_transfer_priv *tp,
-							  size_t *size, OVERLAPPED* overlapped)
-{
-	int report_type = (value >> 8) & 0xFF;
-	int report_id = value & 0xFF;
-
-	if ( (LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(request_type) != LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_INTERFACE)
-	  && (LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(request_type) != LIBUSB_RECIPIENT_DEVICE) )
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	if (LIBUSB_REQ_OUT(request_type) && request == HID_REQ_SET_REPORT)
-		return _hid_set_report(dev, hid_handle, report_id, data, tp, size, overlapped, report_type);
-
-	if (LIBUSB_REQ_IN(request_type) && request == HID_REQ_GET_REPORT)
-		return _hid_get_report(dev, hid_handle, report_id, data, tp, size, overlapped, report_type);
-
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * HID API functions
- */
-static int hid_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
-{
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetAttributes, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetHidGuid, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetPreparsedData, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_FreePreparsedData, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetManufacturerString, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetProductString, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetSerialNumberString, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidP_GetCaps, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_SetNumInputBuffers, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_SetFeature, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetFeature, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetPhysicalDescriptor, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_GetInputReport, FALSE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_SetOutputReport, FALSE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidD_FlushQueue, TRUE);
-	DLL_LOAD(hid.dll, HidP_GetValueCaps, TRUE);
-
-	api_hid_available = true;
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_exit(void)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-// NB: open and close must ensure that they only handle interface of
-// the right API type, as these functions can be called wholesale from
-// composite_open(), with interfaces belonging to different APIs
-static int hid_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-
-	HIDD_ATTRIBUTES hid_attributes;
-	PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA preparsed_data = NULL;
-	HIDP_CAPS capabilities;
-	HIDP_VALUE_CAPS *value_caps;
-
-	HANDLE hid_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-	int i, j;
-	// report IDs handling
-	ULONG size[3];
-	char* type[3] = {"input", "output", "feature"};
-	int nb_ids[2];	// zero and nonzero report IDs
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-	if (priv->hid == NULL) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - private HID structure is unitialized");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if ( (priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL)
-		  && (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_HID) ) {
-			hid_handle = CreateFileA(priv->usb_interface[i].path, GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_READ, FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
-				NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
-			/*
-			 * http://www.lvr.com/hidfaq.htm: Why do I receive "Access denied" when attempting to access my HID?
-			 * "Windows 2000 and later have exclusive read/write access to HIDs that are configured as a system
-			 * keyboards or mice. An application can obtain a handle to a system keyboard or mouse by not
-			 * requesting READ or WRITE access with CreateFile. Applications can then use HidD_SetFeature and
-			 * HidD_GetFeature (if the device supports Feature reports)."
-			 */
-			if (hid_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "could not open HID device in R/W mode (keyboard or mouse?) - trying without");
-				hid_handle = CreateFileA(priv->usb_interface[i].path, 0, FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
-					NULL, OPEN_EXISTING, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL | FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED, NULL);
-				if (hid_handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
-					usbi_err(ctx, "could not open device %s (interface %d): %s", priv->path, i, windows_error_str(0));
-					switch(GetLastError()) {
-					case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:	// The device was disconnected
-						return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-					case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
-						return LIBUSB_ERROR_ACCESS;
-					default:
-						return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-					}
-				}
-				priv->usb_interface[i].restricted_functionality = true;
-			}
-			handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle = hid_handle;
-		}
-	}
-
-	hid_attributes.Size = sizeof(hid_attributes);
-	do {
-		if (!HidD_GetAttributes(hid_handle, &hid_attributes)) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not gain access to HID top collection (HidD_GetAttributes)");
-			break;
-		}
-
-		priv->hid->vid = hid_attributes.VendorID;
-		priv->hid->pid = hid_attributes.ProductID;
-
-		// Set the maximum available input buffer size
-		for (i=32; HidD_SetNumInputBuffers(hid_handle, i); i*=2);
-		usbi_dbg("set maximum input buffer size to %d", i/2);
-
-		// Get the maximum input and output report size
-		if (!HidD_GetPreparsedData(hid_handle, &preparsed_data) || !preparsed_data) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not read HID preparsed data (HidD_GetPreparsedData)");
-			break;
-		}
-		if (HidP_GetCaps(preparsed_data, &capabilities) != HIDP_STATUS_SUCCESS) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "could not parse HID capabilities (HidP_GetCaps)");
-			break;
-		}
-
-		// Find out if interrupt will need report IDs
-		size[0] = capabilities.NumberInputValueCaps;
-		size[1] = capabilities.NumberOutputValueCaps;
-		size[2] = capabilities.NumberFeatureValueCaps;
-		for (j=0; j<3; j++) {
-			usbi_dbg("%d HID %s report value(s) found", size[j], type[j]);
-			priv->hid->uses_report_ids[j] = false;
-			if (size[j] > 0) {
-				value_caps = malloc(size[j] * sizeof(HIDP_VALUE_CAPS));
-				if ( (value_caps != NULL)
-				  && (HidP_GetValueCaps(j, value_caps, &size[j], preparsed_data) == HIDP_STATUS_SUCCESS)
-				  && (size[j] >= 1) ) {
-					nb_ids[0] = 0;
-					nb_ids[1] = 0;
-					for (i=0; i<(int)size[j]; i++) {
-						usbi_dbg("  Report ID: 0x%02X", value_caps[i].ReportID);
-						if (value_caps[i].ReportID != 0) {
-							nb_ids[1]++;
-						} else {
-							nb_ids[0]++;
-						}
-					}
-					if (nb_ids[1] != 0) {
-						if (nb_ids[0] != 0) {
-							usbi_warn(ctx, "program assertion failed: zero and nonzero report IDs used for %s",
-								type[j]);
-						}
-						priv->hid->uses_report_ids[j] = true;
-					}
-				} else {
-					usbi_warn(ctx, "  could not process %s report IDs", type[j]);
-				}
-				safe_free(value_caps);
-			}
-		}
-
-		// Set the report sizes
-		priv->hid->input_report_size = capabilities.InputReportByteLength;
-		priv->hid->output_report_size = capabilities.OutputReportByteLength;
-		priv->hid->feature_report_size = capabilities.FeatureReportByteLength;
-
-		// Fetch string descriptors
-		priv->hid->string_index[0] = priv->dev_descriptor.iManufacturer;
-		if (priv->hid->string_index[0] != 0) {
-			HidD_GetManufacturerString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string[0],
-				sizeof(priv->hid->string[0]));
-		} else {
-			priv->hid->string[0][0] = 0;
-		}
-		priv->hid->string_index[1] = priv->dev_descriptor.iProduct;
-		if (priv->hid->string_index[1] != 0) {
-			HidD_GetProductString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string[1],
-				sizeof(priv->hid->string[1]));
-		} else {
-			priv->hid->string[1][0] = 0;
-		}
-		priv->hid->string_index[2] = priv->dev_descriptor.iSerialNumber;
-		if (priv->hid->string_index[2] != 0) {
-			HidD_GetSerialNumberString(hid_handle, priv->hid->string[2],
-				sizeof(priv->hid->string[2]));
-		} else {
-			priv->hid->string[2][0] = 0;
-		}
-	} while(0);
-
-	if (preparsed_data) {
-		HidD_FreePreparsedData(preparsed_data);
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static void hid_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	HANDLE file_handle;
-	int i;
-
-	if (!api_hid_available)
-		return;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		if (priv->usb_interface[i].apib->id == USB_API_HID) {
-			file_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[i].api_handle;
-			if ( (file_handle != 0) && (file_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-				CloseHandle(file_handle);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-static int hid_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// NB: Disconnection detection is not possible in this function
-	if (priv->usb_interface[iface].path == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;	// invalid iface
-	}
-
-	// We use dev_handle as a flag for interface claimed
-	if (handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle == INTERFACE_CLAIMED) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_BUSY;	// already claimed
-	}
-
-	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = INTERFACE_CLAIMED;
-
-	usbi_dbg("claimed interface %d", iface);
-	handle_priv->active_interface = iface;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	if (priv->usb_interface[iface].path == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;	// invalid iface
-	}
-
-	if (handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle != INTERFACE_CLAIMED) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;	// invalid iface
-	}
-
-	handle_priv->interface_handle[iface].dev_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	if (altsetting > 255) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	if (altsetting != 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "set interface altsetting not supported for altsetting >0");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *setup = (WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET *) transfer->buffer;
-	HANDLE hid_handle;
-	struct winfd wfd;
-	int current_interface, config;
-	size_t size;
-	int r = LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = INVALID_WINFD;
-	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-	transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
-	size = transfer->length - LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE;
-
-	if (size > MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-	}
-
-	current_interface = get_valid_interface(transfer->dev_handle, USB_API_HID);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-		if (auto_claim(transfer, &current_interface, USB_API_HID) != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-		}
-#else
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "no interface available for control transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-#endif
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("will use interface %d", current_interface);
-	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-	// Always use the handle returned from usbi_create_fd (wfd.handle)
-	wfd = usbi_create_fd(hid_handle, _O_RDONLY);
-	if (wfd.fd < 0) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	switch(LIBUSB_REQ_TYPE(setup->request_type)) {
-	case LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_STANDARD:
-		switch(setup->request) {
-		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR:
-			r = _hid_get_descriptor(priv->hid, wfd.handle, LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(setup->request_type),
-				(setup->value >> 8) & 0xFF, setup->value & 0xFF, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, &size);
-			break;
-		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_CONFIGURATION:
-			r = windows_get_configuration(transfer->dev_handle, &config);
-			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				size = 1;
-				((uint8_t*)transfer->buffer)[LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE] = (uint8_t)config;
-				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-			}
-			break;
-		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION:
-			if (setup->value == priv->active_config) {
-				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-			} else {
-				usbi_warn(ctx, "cannot set configuration other than the default one");
-				r = LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-			}
-			break;
-		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_INTERFACE:
-			size = 1;
-			((uint8_t*)transfer->buffer)[LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE] = 0;
-			r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-			break;
-		case LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_INTERFACE:
-			r = hid_set_interface_altsetting(transfer->dev_handle, setup->index, setup->value);
-			if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				r = LIBUSB_COMPLETED;
-			}
-			break;
-		default:
-			usbi_warn(ctx, "unsupported HID control request");
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-			break;
-		}
-		break;
-	case LIBUSB_REQUEST_TYPE_CLASS:
-		r =_hid_class_request(priv->hid, wfd.handle, setup->request_type, setup->request, setup->value,
-			setup->index, transfer->buffer + LIBUSB_CONTROL_SETUP_SIZE, transfer_priv,
-			&size, wfd.overlapped);
-		break;
-	default:
-		usbi_warn(ctx, "unsupported HID control request");
-		r = LIBUSB_ERROR_INVALID_PARAM;
-		break;
-	}
-
-	if (r == LIBUSB_COMPLETED) {
-		// Force request to be completed synchronously. Transferred size has been set by previous call
-		wfd.overlapped->Internal = STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY;
-		// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms684342%28VS.85%29.aspx
-		// set InternalHigh to the number of bytes transferred
-		wfd.overlapped->InternalHigh = (DWORD)size;
-		r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-	}
-
-	if (r == LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-		// Use priv_transfer to store data needed for async polling
-		transfer_priv->pollable_fd = wfd;
-		transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
-	} else {
-		usbi_free_fd(wfd.fd);
-	}
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int hid_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct winfd wfd;
-	HANDLE hid_handle;
-	bool direction_in, ret;
-	int current_interface, length;
-	DWORD size;
-	int r = LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = INVALID_WINFD;
-	transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
-	safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", transfer->endpoint, current_interface);
-
-	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-	direction_in = transfer->endpoint & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN;
-
-	wfd = usbi_create_fd(hid_handle, direction_in?_O_RDONLY:_O_WRONLY);
-	// Always use the handle returned from usbi_create_fd (wfd.handle)
-	if (wfd.fd < 0) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-
-	// If report IDs are not in use, an extra prefix byte must be added
-	if ( ((direction_in) && (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[0]))
-	  || ((!direction_in) && (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[1])) ) {
-		length = transfer->length+1;
-	} else {
-		length = transfer->length;
-	}
-	// Add a trailing byte to detect overflows on input
-	transfer_priv->hid_buffer = (uint8_t*)calloc(length+1, 1);
-	if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer == NULL) {
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_MEM;
-	}
-	transfer_priv->hid_expected_size = length;
-
-	if (direction_in) {
-		transfer_priv->hid_dest = transfer->buffer;
-		usbi_dbg("reading %d bytes (report ID: 0x%02X)", length, transfer_priv->hid_buffer[0]);
-		ret = ReadFile(wfd.handle, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, length+1, &size, wfd.overlapped);
-	} else {
-		if (!priv->hid->uses_report_ids[1]) {
-			memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_buffer+1, transfer->buffer, transfer->length);
-		} else {
-			// We could actually do without the calloc and memcpy in this case
-			memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_buffer, transfer->buffer, transfer->length);
-		}
-		usbi_dbg("writing %d bytes (report ID: 0x%02X)", length, transfer_priv->hid_buffer[0]);
-		ret = WriteFile(wfd.handle, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, length, &size, wfd.overlapped);
-	}
-	if (!ret) {
-		if (GetLastError() != ERROR_IO_PENDING) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "HID transfer failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-			usbi_free_fd(wfd.fd);
-			safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-			return LIBUSB_ERROR_IO;
-		}
-	} else {
-		// Only write operations that completed synchronously need to free up
-		// hid_buffer. For reads, copy_transfer_data() handles that process.
-		if (!direction_in) {
-			safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-		}
-		if (size == 0) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "program assertion failed - no data was transferred");
-			size = 1;
-		}
-		if (size > (size_t)length) {
-			usbi_err(ctx, "OVERFLOW!");
-			r = LIBUSB_ERROR_OVERFLOW;
-		}
-		wfd.overlapped->Internal = STATUS_COMPLETED_SYNCHRONOUSLY;
-		wfd.overlapped->InternalHigh = size;
-	}
-
-	transfer_priv->pollable_fd = wfd;
-	transfer_priv->interface_number = (uint8_t)current_interface;
-
-	return r;
-}
-
-static int hid_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	HANDLE hid_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	current_interface = transfer_priv->interface_number;
-	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-	CancelIo(hid_handle);
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	HANDLE hid_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	// Flushing the queues on all interfaces is the best we can achieve
-	for (current_interface = 0; current_interface < USB_MAXINTERFACES; current_interface++) {
-		hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-		if ((hid_handle != 0) && (hid_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)) {
-			HidD_FlushQueue(hid_handle);
-		}
-	}
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int hid_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	HANDLE hid_handle;
-	int current_interface;
-
-	CHECK_HID_AVAILABLE;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	usbi_dbg("matched endpoint %02X with interface %d", endpoint, current_interface);
-	hid_handle = handle_priv->interface_handle[current_interface].api_handle;
-
-	// No endpoint selection with Microsoft's implementation, so we try to flush the
-	// whole interface. Should be OK for most case scenarios
-	if (!HidD_FlushQueue(hid_handle)) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "Flushing of HID queue failed: %s", windows_error_str(0));
-		// Device was probably disconnected
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NO_DEVICE;
-	}
-
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-// This extra function is only needed for HID
-static int hid_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size) {
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	int r = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_COMPLETED;
-	uint32_t corrected_size = io_size;
-
-	if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer != NULL) {
-		// If we have a valid hid_buffer, it means the transfer was async
-		if (transfer_priv->hid_dest != NULL) {	// Data readout
-			// First, check for overflow
-			if (corrected_size > transfer_priv->hid_expected_size) {
-				usbi_err(ctx, "OVERFLOW!");
-				corrected_size = (uint32_t)transfer_priv->hid_expected_size;
-				r = LIBUSB_TRANSFER_OVERFLOW;
-			}
-
-			if (transfer_priv->hid_buffer[0] == 0) {
-				// Discard the 1 byte report ID prefix
-				corrected_size--;
-				memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_dest, transfer_priv->hid_buffer+1, corrected_size);
-			} else {
-				memcpy(transfer_priv->hid_dest, transfer_priv->hid_buffer, corrected_size);
-			}
-			transfer_priv->hid_dest = NULL;
-		}
-		// For write, we just need to free the hid buffer
-		safe_free(transfer_priv->hid_buffer);
-	}
-	itransfer->transferred += corrected_size;
-	return r;
-}
-
-
-/*
- * Composite API functions
- */
-static int composite_init(struct libusb_context *ctx)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int composite_exit(void)
-{
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int composite_open(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	unsigned api;
-	int r;
-	uint8_t flag = 1<<USB_API_WINUSB;
-
-	for (api=USB_API_WINUSB; api<USB_API_MAX; api++) {
-		if (priv->composite_api_flags & flag) {
-			r = usb_api_backend[api].open(dev_handle);
-			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				return r;
-			}
-		}
-		flag <<= 1;
-	}
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static void composite_close(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	unsigned api;
-	uint8_t flag = 1<<USB_API_WINUSB;
-
-	for (api=USB_API_WINUSB; api<USB_API_MAX; api++) {
-		if (priv->composite_api_flags & flag) {
-			usb_api_backend[api].close(dev_handle);
-		}
-		flag <<= 1;
-	}
-}
-
-static int composite_claim_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->claim_interface(dev_handle, iface);
-}
-
-static int composite_set_interface_altsetting(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->set_interface_altsetting(dev_handle, iface, altsetting);
-}
-
-static int composite_release_interface(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	return priv->usb_interface[iface].apib->release_interface(dev_handle, iface);
-}
-
-static int composite_submit_control_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int i, pass;
-
-	// Interface shouldn't matter for control, but it does in practice, with Windows'
-	// restrictions with regards to accessing HID keyboards and mice. Try a 2 pass approach
-	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
-		for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-			if (priv->usb_interface[i].path != NULL) {
-				if ((pass == 0) && (priv->usb_interface[i].restricted_functionality)) {
-					usbi_dbg("trying to skip restricted interface #%d (HID keyboard or mouse?)", i);
-					continue;
-				}
-				usbi_dbg("using interface %d", i);
-				return priv->usb_interface[i].apib->submit_control_transfer(itransfer);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	usbi_err(ctx, "no libusb supported interfaces to complete request");
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-}
-
-static int composite_submit_bulk_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int current_interface;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->submit_bulk_transfer(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int composite_submit_iso_transfer(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer) {
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(transfer->dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-	int current_interface;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, transfer->endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cancelling transfer");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->submit_iso_transfer(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int composite_clear_halt(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint)
-{
-	struct libusb_context *ctx = DEVICE_CTX(dev_handle->dev);
-	struct windows_device_handle_priv *handle_priv = __device_handle_priv(dev_handle);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	int current_interface;
-
-	current_interface = interface_by_endpoint(priv, handle_priv, endpoint);
-	if (current_interface < 0) {
-		usbi_err(ctx, "unable to match endpoint to an open interface - cannot clear");
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;
-	}
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[current_interface].apib->clear_halt(dev_handle, endpoint);
-}
-
-static int composite_abort_control(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[transfer_priv->interface_number].apib->abort_control(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int composite_abort_transfers(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[transfer_priv->interface_number].apib->abort_transfers(itransfer);
-}
-
-static int composite_reset_device(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle)
-{
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(dev_handle->dev);
-	unsigned api;
-	int r;
-	uint8_t flag = 1<<USB_API_WINUSB;
-
-	for (api=USB_API_WINUSB; api<USB_API_MAX; api++) {
-		if (priv->composite_api_flags & flag) {
-			r = usb_api_backend[api].reset_device(dev_handle);
-			if (r != LIBUSB_SUCCESS) {
-				return r;
-			}
-		}
-		flag <<= 1;
-	}
-	return LIBUSB_SUCCESS;
-}
-
-static int composite_copy_transfer_data(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size)
-{
-	struct libusb_transfer *transfer = __USBI_TRANSFER_TO_LIBUSB_TRANSFER(itransfer);
-	struct windows_transfer_priv *transfer_priv = usbi_transfer_get_os_priv(itransfer);
-	struct windows_device_priv *priv = __device_priv(transfer->dev_handle->dev);
-
-	return priv->usb_interface[transfer_priv->interface_number].apib->copy_transfer_data(itransfer, io_size);
-}
diff --git a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.h b/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 8851f41..0000000
--- a/libusb-1.0/libusb/os/windows_usb.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,784 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Windows backend for libusb 1.0
- * Copyright (C) 2009-2010 Pete Batard <pbatard@gmail.com>
- * With contributions from Michael Plante, Orin Eman et al.
- * Parts of this code adapted from libusb-win32-v1 by Stephan Meyer
- * Major code testing contribution by Xiaofan Chen
- *
- * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
- * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
- * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
- *
- * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
- * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
- * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
- * Lesser General Public License for more details.
- *
- * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
- * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
- * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
- */
-
-#pragma once
-
-#if defined(_MSC_VER)
-// disable /W4 MSVC warnings that are benign
-#pragma warning(disable:4127) // conditional expression is constant
-#pragma warning(disable:4100) // unreferenced formal parameter
-#pragma warning(disable:4214) // bit field types other than int
-#pragma warning(disable:4201) // nameless struct/union
-#endif
-
-// Windows API default is uppercase - ugh!
-#if !defined(bool)
-#define bool BOOL
-#endif
-#if !defined(true)
-#define true TRUE
-#endif
-#if !defined(false)
-#define false FALSE
-#endif
-
-// Missing from MSVC6 setupapi.h
-#if !defined(SPDRP_ADDRESS)
-#define SPDRP_ADDRESS	28
-#endif
-#if !defined(SPDRP_INSTALL_STATE)
-#define SPDRP_INSTALL_STATE	34
-#endif
-
-#if defined(__CYGWIN__ )
-// cygwin produces a warning unless these prototypes are defined
-extern int _snprintf(char *buffer, size_t count, const char *format, ...);
-extern char *_strdup(const char *strSource);
-// _beginthreadex is MSVCRT => unavailable for cygwin. Fallback to using CreateThread
-#define _beginthreadex(a, b, c, d, e, f) CreateThread(a, b, (LPTHREAD_START_ROUTINE)c, d, e, f)
-#endif
-#define safe_free(p) do {if (p != NULL) {free((void*)p); p = NULL;}} while(0)
-#define safe_closehandle(h) do {if (h != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {CloseHandle(h); h = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;}} while(0)
-#define safe_min(a, b) min((size_t)(a), (size_t)(b))
-#define safe_strcp(dst, dst_max, src, count) do {memcpy(dst, src, safe_min(count, dst_max)); \
-	((char*)dst)[safe_min(count, dst_max)-1] = 0;} while(0)
-#define safe_strcpy(dst, dst_max, src) safe_strcp(dst, dst_max, src, safe_strlen(src)+1)
-#define safe_strncat(dst, dst_max, src, count) strncat(dst, src, safe_min(count, dst_max - safe_strlen(dst) - 1))
-#define safe_strcat(dst, dst_max, src) safe_strncat(dst, dst_max, src, safe_strlen(src)+1)
-#define safe_strcmp(str1, str2) strcmp(((str1==NULL)?"<NULL>":str1), ((str2==NULL)?"<NULL>":str2))
-#define safe_strncmp(str1, str2, count) strncmp(((str1==NULL)?"<NULL>":str1), ((str2==NULL)?"<NULL>":str2), count)
-#define safe_strlen(str) ((str==NULL)?0:strlen(str))
-#define safe_sprintf _snprintf
-#define safe_unref_device(dev) do {if (dev != NULL) {libusb_unref_device(dev); dev = NULL;}} while(0)
-#define wchar_to_utf8_ms(wstr, str, strlen) WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wstr, -1, str, strlen, NULL, NULL)
-inline void upperize(char* str) {
-	size_t i;
-	if (str == NULL) return;
-	for (i=0; i<safe_strlen(str); i++)
-		str[i] = (char)toupper((int)str[i]);
-}
-
-#define MAX_CTRL_BUFFER_LENGTH      4096
-#define MAX_USB_DEVICES             256
-#define MAX_USB_STRING_LENGTH       128
-#define MAX_HID_REPORT_SIZE         1024
-#define MAX_HID_DESCRIPTOR_SIZE     256
-#define MAX_GUID_STRING_LENGTH      40
-#define MAX_PATH_LENGTH             128
-#define MAX_KEY_LENGTH              256
-#define MAX_TIMER_SEMAPHORES        128
-#define TIMER_REQUEST_RETRY_MS      100
-#define ERR_BUFFER_SIZE             256
-#define LIST_SEPARATOR              ';'
-#define HTAB_SIZE                   1021
-
-// Handle code for HID interface that have been claimed ("dibs")
-#define INTERFACE_CLAIMED           ((HANDLE)(intptr_t)0xD1B5)
-// Additional return code for HID operations that completed synchronously
-#define LIBUSB_COMPLETED            (LIBUSB_SUCCESS + 1)
-
-// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff545978.aspx
-// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff545972.aspx
-// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff545982.aspx
-#if !defined(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HOST_CONTROLLER)
-const GUID GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HOST_CONTROLLER = { 0x3ABF6F2D, 0x71C4, 0x462A, {0x8A, 0x92, 0x1E, 0x68, 0x61, 0xE6, 0xAF, 0x27} };
-#endif
-#if !defined(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE)
-const GUID GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_DEVICE = { 0xA5DCBF10, 0x6530, 0x11D2, {0x90, 0x1F, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x4F, 0xB9, 0x51, 0xED} };
-#endif
-#if !defined(GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HUB)
-const GUID GUID_DEVINTERFACE_USB_HUB = { 0xF18A0E88, 0xC30C, 0x11D0, {0x88, 0x15, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x06, 0xBE, 0xD8} };
-#endif
-const GUID GUID_NULL = { 0x00000000, 0x0000, 0x0000, {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00} };
-
-
-/*
- * Multiple USB API backend support
- */
-#define USB_API_UNSUPPORTED 0
-#define USB_API_HUB         1
-#define USB_API_COMPOSITE   2
-#define USB_API_WINUSB      3
-#define USB_API_HID         4
-#define USB_API_MAX         5
-
-#define CLASS_GUID_UNSUPPORTED      GUID_NULL
-const GUID CLASS_GUID_HID           = { 0x745A17A0, 0x74D3, 0x11D0, {0xB6, 0xFE, 0x00, 0xA0, 0xC9, 0x0F, 0x57, 0xDA} };
-const GUID CLASS_GUID_LIBUSB_WINUSB = { 0x78A1C341, 0x4539, 0x11D3, {0xB8, 0x8D, 0x00, 0xC0, 0x4F, 0xAD, 0x51, 0x71} };
-const GUID CLASS_GUID_COMPOSITE     = { 0x36FC9E60, 0xC465, 0x11cF, {0x80, 0x56, 0x44, 0x45, 0x53, 0x54, 0x00, 0x00} };
-
-struct windows_usb_api_backend {
-	const uint8_t id;
-	const char* designation;
-	const GUID *class_guid;  // The Class GUID (for fallback in case the driver name cannot be read)
-	const char **driver_name_list; // Driver name, without .sys, e.g. "usbccgp"
-	const uint8_t nb_driver_names;
-	int (*init)(struct libusb_context *ctx);
-	int (*exit)(void);
-	int (*open)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-	void (*close)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-	int (*claim_interface)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-	int (*set_interface_altsetting)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface, int altsetting);
-	int (*release_interface)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, int iface);
-	int (*clear_halt)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle, unsigned char endpoint);
-	int (*reset_device)(struct libusb_device_handle *dev_handle);
-	int (*submit_bulk_transfer)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-	int (*submit_iso_transfer)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-	int (*submit_control_transfer)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-	int (*abort_control)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-	int (*abort_transfers)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer);
-	int (*copy_transfer_data)(struct usbi_transfer *itransfer, uint32_t io_size);
-};
-
-extern const struct windows_usb_api_backend usb_api_backend[USB_API_MAX];
-
-#define PRINT_UNSUPPORTED_API(fname)              \
-	usbi_dbg("unsupported API call for '"         \
-		#fname "' (unrecognized device driver)"); \
-	return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_SUPPORTED;
-
-/*
- * private structures definition
- * with inline pseudo constructors/destructors
- */
-
-// TODO (v2+): move hid desc to libusb.h?
-struct libusb_hid_descriptor {
-	uint8_t  bLength;
-	uint8_t  bDescriptorType;
-	uint16_t bcdHID;
-	uint8_t  bCountryCode;
-	uint8_t  bNumDescriptors;
-	uint8_t  bClassDescriptorType;
-	uint16_t wClassDescriptorLength;
-};
-#define LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE              9
-#define HID_MAX_CONFIG_DESC_SIZE (LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG_SIZE + LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE_SIZE \
-	+ LIBUSB_DT_HID_SIZE + 2 * LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT_SIZE)
-#define HID_MAX_REPORT_SIZE             1024
-#define HID_IN_EP                       0x81
-#define HID_OUT_EP                      0x02
-#define LIBUSB_REQ_RECIPIENT(request_type) ((request_type) & 0x1F)
-#define LIBUSB_REQ_TYPE(request_type) ((request_type) & (0x03 << 5))
-#define LIBUSB_REQ_IN(request_type) ((request_type) & LIBUSB_ENDPOINT_IN)
-#define LIBUSB_REQ_OUT(request_type) (!LIBUSB_REQ_IN(request_type))
-
-// The following are used for HID reports IOCTLs
-#define HID_CTL_CODE(id) \
-  CTL_CODE (FILE_DEVICE_KEYBOARD, (id), METHOD_NEITHER, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-#define HID_BUFFER_CTL_CODE(id) \
-  CTL_CODE (FILE_DEVICE_KEYBOARD, (id), METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-#define HID_IN_CTL_CODE(id) \
-  CTL_CODE (FILE_DEVICE_KEYBOARD, (id), METHOD_IN_DIRECT, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-#define HID_OUT_CTL_CODE(id) \
-  CTL_CODE (FILE_DEVICE_KEYBOARD, (id), METHOD_OUT_DIRECT, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_HID_GET_FEATURE                 HID_OUT_CTL_CODE(100)
-#define IOCTL_HID_GET_INPUT_REPORT            HID_OUT_CTL_CODE(104)
-#define IOCTL_HID_SET_FEATURE                 HID_IN_CTL_CODE(100)
-#define IOCTL_HID_SET_OUTPUT_REPORT           HID_IN_CTL_CODE(101)
-
-enum libusb_hid_request_type {
-	HID_REQ_GET_REPORT = 0x01,
-	HID_REQ_GET_IDLE = 0x02,
-	HID_REQ_GET_PROTOCOL = 0x03,
-	HID_REQ_SET_REPORT = 0x09,
-	HID_REQ_SET_IDLE = 0x0A,
-	HID_REQ_SET_PROTOCOL = 0x0B
-};
-
-enum libusb_hid_report_type {
-	HID_REPORT_TYPE_INPUT = 0x01,
-	HID_REPORT_TYPE_OUTPUT = 0x02,
-	HID_REPORT_TYPE_FEATURE = 0x03
-};
-
-struct hid_device_priv {
-	uint16_t vid;
-	uint16_t pid;
-	uint8_t config;
-	uint8_t nb_interfaces;
-	bool uses_report_ids[3];	// input, ouptput, feature
-	uint16_t input_report_size;
-	uint16_t output_report_size;
-	uint16_t feature_report_size;
-	WCHAR string[3][MAX_USB_STRING_LENGTH];
-	uint8_t string_index[3];	// man, prod, ser
-};
-
-typedef struct libusb_device_descriptor USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR;
-struct windows_device_priv {
-	uint8_t depth;						// distance to HCD
-	uint8_t port;						// port number on the hub
-	struct libusb_device *parent_dev;	// access to parent is required for usermode ops
-	char *path;							// device interface path
-	struct windows_usb_api_backend const *apib;
-	struct {
-		char *path;						// each interface needs a device interface path,
-		struct windows_usb_api_backend const *apib; // an API backend (multiple drivers support),
-		int8_t nb_endpoints;			// and a set of endpoint addresses (USB_MAXENDPOINTS)
-		uint8_t *endpoint;
-		bool restricted_functionality;	// indicates if the interface functionality is restricted
-										// by Windows (eg. HID keyboards or mice cannot do R/W)
-	} usb_interface[USB_MAXINTERFACES];
-	uint8_t composite_api_flags;		// HID and composite devices require additional data
-	struct hid_device_priv *hid;
-	uint8_t active_config;
-	USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR dev_descriptor;
-	unsigned char **config_descriptor;	// list of pointers to the cached config descriptors
-};
-
-static inline struct windows_device_priv *__device_priv(struct libusb_device *dev) {
-	return (struct windows_device_priv *)dev->os_priv;
-}
-
-static inline void windows_device_priv_init(libusb_device* dev) {
-	struct windows_device_priv* p = __device_priv(dev);
-	int i;
-	p->depth = 0;
-	p->port = 0;
-	p->parent_dev = NULL;
-	p->path = NULL;
-	p->apib = &usb_api_backend[USB_API_UNSUPPORTED];
-	p->composite_api_flags = 0;
-	p->hid = NULL;
-	p->active_config = 0;
-	p->config_descriptor = NULL;
-	memset(&(p->dev_descriptor), 0, sizeof(USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR));
-	for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		p->usb_interface[i].path = NULL;
-		p->usb_interface[i].apib = &usb_api_backend[USB_API_UNSUPPORTED];
-		p->usb_interface[i].nb_endpoints = 0;
-		p->usb_interface[i].endpoint = NULL;
-		p->usb_interface[i].restricted_functionality = false;
-	}
-}
-
-static inline void windows_device_priv_release(libusb_device* dev) {
-	struct windows_device_priv* p = __device_priv(dev);
-	int i;
-	safe_free(p->path);
-	if ((dev->num_configurations > 0) && (p->config_descriptor != NULL)) {
-		for (i=0; i < dev->num_configurations; i++)
-			safe_free(p->config_descriptor[i]);
-	}
-	safe_free(p->config_descriptor);
-	safe_free(p->hid);
-	for (i=0; i<USB_MAXINTERFACES; i++) {
-		safe_free(p->usb_interface[i].path);
-		safe_free(p->usb_interface[i].endpoint);
-	}
-}
-
-struct interface_handle_t {
-	HANDLE dev_handle; // WinUSB needs an extra handle for the file
-	HANDLE api_handle; // used by the API to communicate with the device
-};
-
-struct windows_device_handle_priv {
-	int active_interface;
-	struct interface_handle_t interface_handle[USB_MAXINTERFACES];
-#if defined(AUTO_CLAIM)
-	int autoclaim_count[USB_MAXINTERFACES]; // For auto-release
-#endif
-};
-
-static inline struct windows_device_handle_priv *__device_handle_priv(
-	struct libusb_device_handle *handle)
-{
-	return (struct windows_device_handle_priv *) handle->os_priv;
-}
-
-// used for async polling functions
-struct windows_transfer_priv {
-	struct winfd pollable_fd;
-	uint8_t interface_number;
-	uint8_t *hid_buffer; // 1 byte extended data buffer, required for HID
-	uint8_t *hid_dest;   // transfer buffer destination, required for HID
-	size_t hid_expected_size;
-};
-
-// used to match a device driver (including filter drivers) against a supported API
-struct driver_lookup {
-	char list[MAX_KEY_LENGTH+1];// REG_MULTI_SZ list of services (driver) names
-	const DWORD reg_prop;		// SPDRP registry key to use to retreive list
-	const char* designation;	// internal designation (for debug output)
-};
-
-/*
- * API macros - from libusb-win32 1.x
- */
-#define DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(api, ret, prefix, name, args)    \
-	typedef ret (api * __dll_##name##_t)args;                 \
-	static __dll_##name##_t prefix##name = NULL
-
-#define DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(dll, prefix, name, ret_on_failure)  \
-	do {                                                      \
-		HMODULE h = GetModuleHandleA(#dll);                   \
-	if (!h)                                                   \
-		h = LoadLibraryA(#dll);                               \
-	if (!h) {                                                 \
-		if (ret_on_failure) { return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND; }\
-		else { break; }                                       \
-	}                                                         \
-	prefix##name = (__dll_##name##_t)GetProcAddress(h, #name);\
-	if (prefix##name) break;                                  \
-	prefix##name = (__dll_##name##_t)GetProcAddress(h, #name "A");\
-	if (prefix##name) break;                                  \
-	prefix##name = (__dll_##name##_t)GetProcAddress(h, #name "W");\
-	if (prefix##name) break;                                  \
-	if(ret_on_failure)                                        \
-		return LIBUSB_ERROR_NOT_FOUND;                        \
-	} while(0)
-
-#define DLL_DECLARE(api, ret, name, args)   DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(api, ret, , name, args)
-#define DLL_LOAD(dll, name, ret_on_failure) DLL_LOAD_PREFIXED(dll, , name, ret_on_failure)
-
-/* OLE32 dependency */
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, HRESULT, p, CLSIDFromString, (LPCOLESTR, LPCLSID));
-
-/* SetupAPI dependencies */
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, HDEVINFO, p, SetupDiGetClassDevsA, (const GUID*, PCSTR, HWND, DWORD));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, BOOL, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInfo, (HDEVINFO, DWORD, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, BOOL, p, SetupDiEnumDeviceInterfaces, (HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA,
-			const GUID*, DWORD, PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, BOOL, p, SetupDiGetDeviceInterfaceDetailA, (HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DATA,
-			PSP_DEVICE_INTERFACE_DETAIL_DATA_A, DWORD, PDWORD, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, BOOL, p, SetupDiDestroyDeviceInfoList, (HDEVINFO));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, HKEY, p, SetupDiOpenDevRegKey, (HDEVINFO, PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, DWORD, DWORD, REGSAM));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, BOOL, p, SetupDiGetDeviceRegistryPropertyA, (HDEVINFO,
-			PSP_DEVINFO_DATA, DWORD, PDWORD, PBYTE, DWORD, PDWORD));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, LONG, p, RegQueryValueExW, (HKEY, LPCWSTR, LPDWORD, LPDWORD, LPBYTE, LPDWORD));
-DLL_DECLARE_PREFIXED(WINAPI, LONG, p, RegCloseKey, (HKEY));
-
-/*
- * Windows DDK API definitions. Most of it copied from MinGW's includes
- */
-typedef DWORD DEVNODE, DEVINST;
-typedef DEVNODE *PDEVNODE, *PDEVINST;
-typedef DWORD RETURN_TYPE;
-typedef RETURN_TYPE CONFIGRET;
-
-#define CR_SUCCESS                              0x00000000
-#define CR_NO_SUCH_DEVNODE                      0x0000000D
-
-#define USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE              LIBUSB_DT_DEVICE
-#define USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE       LIBUSB_DT_CONFIG
-#define USB_STRING_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE              LIBUSB_DT_STRING
-#define USB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE           LIBUSB_DT_INTERFACE
-#define USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR_TYPE            LIBUSB_DT_ENDPOINT
-
-#define USB_REQUEST_GET_STATUS                  LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_STATUS
-#define USB_REQUEST_CLEAR_FEATURE               LIBUSB_REQUEST_CLEAR_FEATURE
-#define USB_REQUEST_SET_FEATURE                 LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_FEATURE
-#define USB_REQUEST_SET_ADDRESS                 LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_ADDRESS
-#define USB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR              LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_DESCRIPTOR
-#define USB_REQUEST_SET_DESCRIPTOR              LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_DESCRIPTOR
-#define USB_REQUEST_GET_CONFIGURATION           LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_CONFIGURATION
-#define USB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION           LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_CONFIGURATION
-#define USB_REQUEST_GET_INTERFACE               LIBUSB_REQUEST_GET_INTERFACE
-#define USB_REQUEST_SET_INTERFACE               LIBUSB_REQUEST_SET_INTERFACE
-#define USB_REQUEST_SYNC_FRAME                  LIBUSB_REQUEST_SYNCH_FRAME
-
-#define USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION                258
-#define USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION     259
-#define USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION 260
-#define USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME            261
-#define USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES                271
-#if !defined(USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX)
-#define USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX             276
-#endif
-
-#ifndef METHOD_BUFFERED
-#define METHOD_BUFFERED                         0
-#endif
-#ifndef FILE_ANY_ACCESS
-#define FILE_ANY_ACCESS                         0x00000000
-#endif
-#ifndef FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN
-#define FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN                     0x00000022
-#endif
-#ifndef FILE_DEVICE_USB
-#define FILE_DEVICE_USB                         FILE_DEVICE_UNKNOWN
-#endif
-
-#ifndef CTL_CODE
-#define CTL_CODE(DeviceType, Function, Method, Access)( \
-  ((DeviceType) << 16) | ((Access) << 14) | ((Function) << 2) | (Method))
-#endif
-
-typedef enum _USB_CONNECTION_STATUS {
-	NoDeviceConnected,
-	DeviceConnected,
-	DeviceFailedEnumeration,
-	DeviceGeneralFailure,
-	DeviceCausedOvercurrent,
-	DeviceNotEnoughPower,
-	DeviceNotEnoughBandwidth,
-	DeviceHubNestedTooDeeply,
-	DeviceInLegacyHub
-} USB_CONNECTION_STATUS, *PUSB_CONNECTION_STATUS;
-
-typedef enum _USB_HUB_NODE {
-	UsbHub,
-	UsbMIParent
-} USB_HUB_NODE;
-
-/* Cfgmgr32.dll interface */
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, CONFIGRET, CM_Get_Parent, (PDEVINST, DEVINST, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, CONFIGRET, CM_Get_Child, (PDEVINST, DEVINST, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, CONFIGRET, CM_Get_Sibling, (PDEVINST, DEVINST, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, CONFIGRET, CM_Get_Device_IDA, (DEVINST, PCHAR, ULONG, ULONG));
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX \
-  CTL_CODE( FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_HUB_CAPABILITIES, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_DESCRIPTOR_FROM_NODE_CONNECTION, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_ROOT_HUB_NAME \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, HCD_GET_ROOT_HUB_NAME, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_NODE_INFORMATION, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_ATTRIBUTES \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_ATTRIBUTES, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-#define IOCTL_USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME \
-  CTL_CODE(FILE_DEVICE_USB, USB_GET_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME, METHOD_BUFFERED, FILE_ANY_ACCESS)
-
-// Most of the structures below need to be packed
-#pragma pack(push, 1)
-
-typedef struct _USB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR {
-  UCHAR  bLength;
-  UCHAR  bDescriptorType;
-  UCHAR  bInterfaceNumber;
-  UCHAR  bAlternateSetting;
-  UCHAR  bNumEndpoints;
-  UCHAR  bInterfaceClass;
-  UCHAR  bInterfaceSubClass;
-  UCHAR  bInterfaceProtocol;
-  UCHAR  iInterface;
-} USB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR;
-
-typedef struct _USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR {
-  UCHAR  bLength;
-  UCHAR  bDescriptorType;
-  USHORT wTotalLength;
-  UCHAR  bNumInterfaces;
-  UCHAR  bConfigurationValue;
-  UCHAR  iConfiguration;
-  UCHAR  bmAttributes;
-  UCHAR  MaxPower;
-} USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR;
-
-typedef struct _USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_SHORT {
-	struct {
-		ULONG ConnectionIndex;
-		struct {
-			UCHAR bmRequest;
-			UCHAR bRequest;
-			USHORT wValue;
-			USHORT wIndex;
-			USHORT wLength;
-		} SetupPacket;
-	} req;
-	USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR data;
-} USB_CONFIGURATION_DESCRIPTOR_SHORT;
-
-typedef struct _USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR {
-  UCHAR  bLength;
-  UCHAR  bDescriptorType;
-  UCHAR  bEndpointAddress;
-  UCHAR  bmAttributes;
-  USHORT  wMaxPacketSize;
-  UCHAR  bInterval;
-} USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR;
-
-typedef struct _USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST {
-	ULONG  ConnectionIndex;
-	struct {
-		UCHAR  bmRequest;
-		UCHAR  bRequest;
-		USHORT  wValue;
-		USHORT  wIndex;
-		USHORT  wLength;
-	} SetupPacket;
-//	UCHAR  Data[0];
-} USB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST, *PUSB_DESCRIPTOR_REQUEST;
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR {
-	UCHAR  bDescriptorLength;
-	UCHAR  bDescriptorType;
-	UCHAR  bNumberOfPorts;
-	USHORT  wHubCharacteristics;
-	UCHAR  bPowerOnToPowerGood;
-	UCHAR  bHubControlCurrent;
-	UCHAR  bRemoveAndPowerMask[64];
-} USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR, *PUSB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR;
-
-typedef struct _USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME {
-	ULONG  ActualLength;
-	WCHAR  RootHubName[1];
-} USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME, *PUSB_ROOT_HUB_NAME;
-
-typedef struct _USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME_FIXED {
-	ULONG ActualLength;
-	WCHAR RootHubName[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-} USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME_FIXED;
-
-typedef struct _USB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME {
-	ULONG  ConnectionIndex;
-	ULONG  ActualLength;
-	WCHAR  NodeName[1];
-} USB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME, *PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME;
-
-typedef struct _USB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME_FIXED {
-	ULONG ConnectionIndex;
-	ULONG ActualLength;
-	WCHAR NodeName[MAX_PATH_LENGTH];
-} USB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME_FIXED;
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_NAME_FIXED {
-	union {
-		USB_ROOT_HUB_NAME_FIXED root;
-		USB_NODE_CONNECTION_NAME_FIXED node;
-	} u;
-} USB_HUB_NAME_FIXED;
-
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_INFORMATION {
-	USB_HUB_DESCRIPTOR  HubDescriptor;
-	BOOLEAN  HubIsBusPowered;
-} USB_HUB_INFORMATION, *PUSB_HUB_INFORMATION;
-
-typedef struct _USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION {
-  ULONG  NumberOfInterfaces;
-} USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION, *PUSB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION;
-
-typedef struct _USB_NODE_INFORMATION {
-	USB_HUB_NODE  NodeType;
-	union {
-		USB_HUB_INFORMATION  HubInformation;
-		USB_MI_PARENT_INFORMATION  MiParentInformation;
-	} u;
-} USB_NODE_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_INFORMATION;
-
-typedef struct _USB_PIPE_INFO {
-	USB_ENDPOINT_DESCRIPTOR  EndpointDescriptor;
-	ULONG  ScheduleOffset;
-} USB_PIPE_INFO, *PUSB_PIPE_INFO;
-
-typedef struct _USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION {
-	ULONG  ConnectionIndex;
-	USB_DEVICE_DESCRIPTOR  DeviceDescriptor;
-	UCHAR  CurrentConfigurationValue;
-	BOOLEAN  LowSpeed;
-	BOOLEAN  DeviceIsHub;
-	USHORT  DeviceAddress;
-	ULONG  NumberOfOpenPipes;
-	USB_CONNECTION_STATUS  ConnectionStatus;
-//	USB_PIPE_INFO  PipeList[0];
-} USB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION, *PUSB_NODE_CONNECTION_INFORMATION;
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_CAP_FLAGS {
-	ULONG HubIsHighSpeedCapable:1;
-	ULONG HubIsHighSpeed:1;
-	ULONG HubIsMultiTtCapable:1;
-	ULONG HubIsMultiTt:1;
-	ULONG HubIsRoot:1;
-	ULONG HubIsArmedWakeOnConnect:1;
-	ULONG ReservedMBZ:26;
-} USB_HUB_CAP_FLAGS, *PUSB_HUB_CAP_FLAGS;
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_CAPABILITIES {
-  ULONG  HubIs2xCapable : 1;
-} USB_HUB_CAPABILITIES, *PUSB_HUB_CAPABILITIES;
-
-typedef struct _USB_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX {
-	USB_HUB_CAP_FLAGS CapabilityFlags;
-} USB_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX, *PUSB_HUB_CAPABILITIES_EX;
-
-#pragma pack(pop)
-
-/* winusb.dll interface */
-
-#define SHORT_PACKET_TERMINATE  0x01
-#define AUTO_CLEAR_STALL        0x02
-#define PIPE_TRANSFER_TIMEOUT   0x03
-#define IGNORE_SHORT_PACKETS    0x04
-#define ALLOW_PARTIAL_READS     0x05
-#define AUTO_FLUSH              0x06
-#define RAW_IO                  0x07
-#define MAXIMUM_TRANSFER_SIZE   0x08
-#define AUTO_SUSPEND            0x81
-#define SUSPEND_DELAY           0x83
-#define DEVICE_SPEED            0x01
-#define LowSpeed                0x01
-#define FullSpeed               0x02
-#define HighSpeed               0x03
-
-typedef enum _USBD_PIPE_TYPE {
-	UsbdPipeTypeControl,
-	UsbdPipeTypeIsochronous,
-	UsbdPipeTypeBulk,
-	UsbdPipeTypeInterrupt
-} USBD_PIPE_TYPE;
-
-typedef struct {
-  USBD_PIPE_TYPE PipeType;
-  UCHAR          PipeId;
-  USHORT         MaximumPacketSize;
-  UCHAR          Interval;
-} WINUSB_PIPE_INFORMATION, *PWINUSB_PIPE_INFORMATION;
-
-#pragma pack(1)
-typedef struct {
-  UCHAR  request_type;
-  UCHAR  request;
-  USHORT value;
-  USHORT index;
-  USHORT length;
-} WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET, *PWINUSB_SETUP_PACKET;
-#pragma pack()
-
-typedef void *WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, *PWINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE;
-
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_Initialize, (HANDLE, PWINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_Free, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_GetAssociatedInterface, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, PWINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_GetDescriptor, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, UCHAR, USHORT, PUCHAR, ULONG, PULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_QueryInterfaceSettings, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, PUSB_INTERFACE_DESCRIPTOR));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_QueryDeviceInformation, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, ULONG, PULONG, PVOID));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_SetCurrentAlternateSetting, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_GetCurrentAlternateSetting, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, PUCHAR));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_QueryPipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, UCHAR, PWINUSB_PIPE_INFORMATION));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_SetPipePolicy, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, ULONG, ULONG, PVOID));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_GetPipePolicy, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, ULONG, PULONG, PVOID));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_ReadPipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, PUCHAR, ULONG, PULONG, LPOVERLAPPED));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_WritePipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR, PUCHAR, ULONG, PULONG, LPOVERLAPPED));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_ControlTransfer, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, WINUSB_SETUP_PACKET, PUCHAR, ULONG, PULONG, LPOVERLAPPED));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_ResetPipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_AbortPipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, WinUsb_FlushPipe, (WINUSB_INTERFACE_HANDLE, UCHAR));
-
-/* hid.dll interface */
-
-#define HIDP_STATUS_SUCCESS  0x110000
-typedef void* PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA;
-
-#pragma pack(1)
-typedef struct {
-	ULONG Size;
-	USHORT VendorID;
-	USHORT ProductID;
-	USHORT VersionNumber;
-} HIDD_ATTRIBUTES, *PHIDD_ATTRIBUTES;
-#pragma pack()
-
-typedef USHORT USAGE;
-typedef struct {
-  USAGE Usage;
-  USAGE UsagePage;
-  USHORT InputReportByteLength;
-  USHORT OutputReportByteLength;
-  USHORT FeatureReportByteLength;
-  USHORT Reserved[17];
-  USHORT NumberLinkCollectionNodes;
-  USHORT NumberInputButtonCaps;
-  USHORT NumberInputValueCaps;
-  USHORT NumberInputDataIndices;
-  USHORT NumberOutputButtonCaps;
-  USHORT NumberOutputValueCaps;
-  USHORT NumberOutputDataIndices;
-  USHORT NumberFeatureButtonCaps;
-  USHORT NumberFeatureValueCaps;
-  USHORT NumberFeatureDataIndices;
-} HIDP_CAPS, *PHIDP_CAPS;
-
-typedef enum _HIDP_REPORT_TYPE {
-  HidP_Input,
-  HidP_Output,
-  HidP_Feature
-} HIDP_REPORT_TYPE;
-
-typedef struct _HIDP_VALUE_CAPS {
-  USAGE  UsagePage;
-  UCHAR  ReportID;
-  BOOLEAN  IsAlias;
-  USHORT  BitField;
-  USHORT  LinkCollection;
-  USAGE  LinkUsage;
-  USAGE  LinkUsagePage;
-  BOOLEAN  IsRange;
-  BOOLEAN  IsStringRange;
-  BOOLEAN  IsDesignatorRange;
-  BOOLEAN  IsAbsolute;
-  BOOLEAN  HasNull;
-  UCHAR  Reserved;
-  USHORT  BitSize;
-  USHORT  ReportCount;
-  USHORT  Reserved2[5];
-  ULONG  UnitsExp;
-  ULONG  Units;
-  LONG  LogicalMin, LogicalMax;
-  LONG  PhysicalMin, PhysicalMax;
-	union {
-	  struct {
-		USAGE  UsageMin, UsageMax;
-		USHORT  StringMin, StringMax;
-		USHORT  DesignatorMin, DesignatorMax;
-		USHORT  DataIndexMin, DataIndexMax;
-	  } Range;
-	  struct {
-		USAGE  Usage, Reserved1;
-		USHORT  StringIndex, Reserved2;
-		USHORT  DesignatorIndex, Reserved3;
-		USHORT  DataIndex, Reserved4;
-	  } NotRange;
-	} u;
-} HIDP_VALUE_CAPS, *PHIDP_VALUE_CAPS;
-
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetAttributes, (HANDLE, PHIDD_ATTRIBUTES));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, VOID, HidD_GetHidGuid, (LPGUID));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetPreparsedData, (HANDLE, PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA *));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_FreePreparsedData, (PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetManufacturerString, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetProductString, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetSerialNumberString, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, LONG, HidP_GetCaps, (PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA, PHIDP_CAPS));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_SetNumInputBuffers, (HANDLE, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_SetFeature, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetFeature, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetPhysicalDescriptor, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_GetInputReport, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_SetOutputReport, (HANDLE, PVOID, ULONG));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidD_FlushQueue, (HANDLE));
-DLL_DECLARE(WINAPI, BOOL, HidP_GetValueCaps, (HIDP_REPORT_TYPE, PHIDP_VALUE_CAPS, PULONG, PHIDP_PREPARSED_DATA));